Bidirectional, multi-wavelength gigabit optical fiber network

{
  "publication_number": "US10447423B2",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "B2",
  "title": "Bidirectional, multi-wavelength gigabit optical fiber network",
  "abstract": "A bidirectional, multi-wavelength fiber optical network that enables communication between electrical components (such as line replaceable units) at high data transmission rates. The proposed fiber optical network in accordance with some embodiments comprises a single plastic or glass optical fiber capable of transmitting data at rates faster than 1 Gbits/sec. In accordance with some embodiments, the number of fiber cables between line replaceable units onboard an airplane can be reduced by a factor of eight or more by substituting one gigabit plastic or gigabit glass optical fiber for four or more plastic or glass optical fibers.",
  "claims": [
    "1. A data transmission system comprising: first through fourth glass optical fibers; a first multi-mode glass optical fiber coupler connected to the first and third glass optical fibers; a second multi-mode glass optical fiber coupler connected to the second and fourth glass optical fibers; a multi-mode gigabit optical fiber having one end connected to the first multi-mode glass optical fiber coupler and another end connected to the second multi-mode glass optical fiber coupler; and first through fourth transceivers each comprising an optical filter, a laser disposed to transmit light toward the optical filter, and a photodetector disposed to receive light from the optical filter, wherein: the laser and photodetector of the first transceiver are optically coupled to the first glass optical fiber, the photodetector and laser of the second transceiver are optically coupled to the second glass optical fiber, the laser and photodetector of the third transceiver are optically coupled to the third glass optical fiber, and the photodetector and laser of the fourth transceiver are optically coupled to the fourth glass optical fiber; the laser of the first transceiver emits light having a first wavelength, the laser of the second transceiver emits light having a second wavelength, the laser of the third transceiver emits light having a third wavelength, and the laser of the fourth transceiver emits light having a fourth wavelength; and the optical filters of the first and second transceivers pass light having the first wavelength and reflect light having the second wavelength, and the optical filters of the third and fourth transceivers pass light having the third wavelength and reflect light having the fourth wavelength.",
    "2. The data transmission system as recited in claim 1, wherein the first through fourth wavelengths are in a range from 750 nm to 1600 nm.",
    "3. The data transmission system as recited in claim 1, wherein the first wavelength is 1270 nm, the second wavelength is 1330 nm, the third wavelength is 850 nm and the fourth wavelength is 880 nm.",
    "4. The data transmission system as recited in claim 1, further comprising: fifth through eighth glass optical fibers, the fifth and seventh glass optical fibers being connected to the first multi-mode glass optical fiber coupler, and the sixth and eighth glass optical fibers being connected to the second multi-mode glass optical fiber coupler; fifth through eighth transceivers each comprising an optical filter, a laser disposed to transmit light toward the optical filter, and a photodetector disposed to receive light from the optical filter, wherein: the laser and photodetector of the fifth transceiver are optically coupled to the fifth glass optical fiber, the photodetector and laser of the sixth transceiver are optically coupled to the sixth glass optical fiber, the laser and photodetector of the seventh transceiver are optically coupled to the seventh glass optical fiber, and the photodetector and laser of the eighth transceiver are optically coupled to the eighth glass optical fiber; the laser of the fifth transceiver emits light having a fifth wavelength, the laser of the sixth transceiver emits light having a sixth wavelength, the laser of the seventh transceiver emits light having a seventh wavelength, and the laser of the eighth transceiver emits light having an eighth wavelength; and the optical filters of the fifth and sixth transceivers pass light having the fifth wavelength and reflect light having the sixth wavelength, and the optical filters of the seventh and eighth transceivers pass light having the seventh wavelength and reflect light having the eighth wavelength.",
    "5. The data transmission system as recited in claim 4, wherein the first through eighth wavelengths are in a range of 750 nm to 1600 nm.",
    "6. The data transmission system as recited in claim 5, wherein the first wavelength is 1270 nm, the second wavelength is 1330 nm, the third wavelength is 850 nm, the fourth wavelength is 880 nm, the fifth wavelength is 780 nm, the sixth wavelength is 980 nm, the seventh wavelength is 1200 nm and the eighth wavelength is 1230 nm.",
    "7. The data transmission system as recited in claim 1, wherein each optical filter of the first through fourth transceivers is a wavelength-selective bandpass filter.",
    "8. The data transmission system as recited in claim 1, wherein each of the first through fourth transceivers is a dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver.",
    "9. A method for enabling bidirectional full-duplex data transmission between line replaceable units, comprising: (a) equipping first through fourth line replaceable units with first through fourth dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers respectively wherein each transceiver comprises a respective laser, a respective photodetector and a respective optical filter arranged and configured to transmit light having one wavelength and to reflect light having a different wavelength, wherein the laser of the first dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver emits light having a first wavelength, the laser of the second dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver emits light having a second wavelength, the laser of the third dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver emits light having a third wavelength, and the laser of the fourth dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver emits light having a fourth wavelength, and wherein the optical filters of the first and second dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers pass light having the first wavelength and reflect light having the second wavelength, and the optical filters of the third and fourth dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers pass light having the third wavelength and reflect light having the fourth wavelength; (b) using respective optical fibers to connect the first and third dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers to a first multi-mode glass optical coupler; (c) using respective optical fibers to connect the second and fourth dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers to a second multi-mode glass optical coupler; and (d) connecting the first and second multi-mode glass optical couplers to opposite ends of a multi-mode gigabit optical fiber.",
    "10. The method as recited in claim 9, wherein the first through fourth wavelengths are in a range from 750 nm to 1600 nm.",
    "11. The method as recited in claim 9, further comprising: equipping a fifth line replaceable unit with a fifth dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver that emits light having a fifth wavelength and detects light having a sixth wavelength; equipping a sixth line replaceable unit with a sixth dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver that emits light having the sixth wavelength and detects light having the fifth wavelength; equipping a seventh line replaceable unit with a seventh dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver that emits light having a seventh wavelength and detects light having an eighth wavelength; equipping a eighth line replaceable unit with an eighth dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver that emits light having the eighth wavelength and detects light having the seventh wavelength; using respective optical fibers to connect the fifth and seventh dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers to the first multi-mode glass optical coupler; and using respective optical fibers to connect the sixth and eighth dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers to the second multi-mode glass optical coupler.",
    "12. The method as recited in claim 11, wherein the first through eighth wavelengths are in a range of 750 nm to 1600 nm.",
    "13. The method as recited in claim 11, wherein the first wavelength is 1270 nm, the second wavelength is 1330 nm, the third wavelength is 850 nm, the fourth wavelength is 880 nm, the fifth wavelength is 780 nm, the sixth wavelength is 980 nm, the seventh wavelength is 1200 nm and the eighth wavelength is 1230 nm.",
    "14. A data communications system comprising: first and second pluralities of electrical devices configured for sending and receiving electrical signals representing data; a first plurality of dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers, each dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver of the first plurality comprising a respective transmit circuit that converts electrical signals received from a respective one of the first plurality of electrical devices into optical signals and a respective receive circuit that converts optical signals into electrical signals to be sent to the respective one of the first plurality of electrical devices; a second plurality of dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers, each dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver of the second plurality comprising a respective transmit circuit that converts electrical signals received from a respective one of the second plurality of electrical devices into optical signals and a respective receive circuit that converts optical signals into electrical signals to be sent to the respective one of the second plurality of electrical devices; a first multi-mode glass optical fiber coupler connected to a single fiber of each of the first plurality of dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers; a second multi-mode glass optical fiber coupler connected to a single fiber of each of the second plurality of dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers; and a multi-mode gigabit optical fiber connecting the first multi-mode glass optical fiber coupler to the second multi-mode glass optical fiber coupler, wherein: a first dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver of the first plurality of dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers emits light having a first wavelength and detects light having a second wavelength using a first optical filter that passes light having the first wavelength and reflects light having the second wavelength; a second dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver of the second plurality of dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers emits light having the second wavelength and detects light having the first wavelength using a second optical filter that passes light having the first wavelength and reflects light having the second wavelength; a third dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver of the first plurality of dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers emits light having a third wavelength and detects light having a fourth wavelength using a third optical filter that passes light having the third wavelength and reflects light having the fourth wavelength; a fourth dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver of the second plurality of dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers emits light having the fourth wavelength and detects light having the third wavelength using a fourth optical filter that passes light having the third wavelength and reflects light having the fourth wavelength.",
    "15. The data communications system as recited in claim 14, wherein the first plurality of electrical devices are line replaceable units located in a forward section of an airplane and the second plurality of electrical devices are line replaceable units located in an aft section of the airplane.",
    "16. The data communications system as recited in claim 14, wherein: a fifth dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver of the first plurality of dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers emits light having a fifth wavelength and detects light having a sixth wavelength using a fifth optical filter that passes light having the fifth wavelength and reflects light having the sixth wavelength; a sixth dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver of the second plurality of dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers emits light having the sixth wavelength and detects light having the fifth wavelength using a sixth optical filter that passes light having the fifth wavelength and reflects light having the sixth wavelength; a seventh dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver of the first plurality of dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers emits light having a seventh wavelength and detects light having an eighth wavelength using a seventh optical filter that passes light having the seventh wavelength and reflects light having the eighth wavelength; and an eighth dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceiver of the second plurality of dual-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional transceivers emits light having the eighth wavelength and detects light having the seventh wavelength using an eighth optical filter that passes light having the seventh wavelength and reflects light having the eighth wavelength, wherein the first through eighth wavelengths are different.",
    "17. The data communications system as recited in claim 16, wherein the first wavelength is 1270 nm, the second wavelength is 1330 nm, the third wavelength is 850 nm, the fourth wavelength is 880 nm, the fifth wavelength is 780 nm, the sixth wavelength is 980 nm, the seventh wavelength is 1200 nm and the eighth wavelength is 1230 nm."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "The technology disclosed herein generally relates to fiber optical networks that enable communication between electrical components.\n\nAn optical fiber is a cylindrical dielectric waveguide that transmits light along its axis. The fiber consists of a transparent core surrounded by a transparent cladding layer (hereinafter “cladding”), both of which are made of dielectric materials. Light is kept in the core by the phenomenon of total internal reflection. To confine the optical signal in the core, the refractive index of the core is greater than that of the cladding. The boundary between the core and cladding may either be abrupt, as in step-index fiber, or gradual, as in graded-index fiber. Optical fibers can be made of glass or plastic.\n\nOptical networking using plastic optical fiber (POF) has advantages over copper wiring in weight, size, bandwidth, power, and electromagnetic immunity. POF has advantages over glass optical fiber (GOF) in ease of handling, installation and maintenance. POF core material can range from acrylate to perfluorinated polymer. POF index profile can range from step index to graded index. POF geometry can range from single core to multi-core. POF core can accommodate single mode (a single optical path in a very small fiber core) to multi-mode (multiple optical paths in a larger fiber core). Using POF may result in appreciable weight savings. The weight savings may be significant for networks onboard vehicles, such as airplanes, where the weight savings may result in reduced fuel consumption and lower emissions.",
  "cpc": [
    "H04J 14/028",
    "G02B 6/26",
    "G02B 6/4246",
    "H04B 10/2503",
    "H04B 10/2581",
    "H04B 10/2589",
    "H04B 10/278",
    "H04B 10/291",
    "H04B 10/40",
    "H04B 10/503",
    "H04B 10/506",
    "H04J 14/02",
    "H04J 14/0226",
    "H04J 14/0241"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "H04B 10/291",
    "H04J 14/02",
    "H04B 10/25",
    "H04B 10/278"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "Boeing Co"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "Eric Y. Chan",
    "Tuong K. Truong",
    "Dennis G. Koshinz"
  ],
  "filing_date": "2017-11-03",
  "publication_date": "2019-10-15",
  "grant_date": "2019-10-15",
  "priority_date": "2017-11-03",
  "application_number": "US-201715802523-A",
  "family_id": "64051378",
  "cited_by_count": 1,
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}