Rock channel heat storage

{
  "publication_number": "US4139321A",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "A",
  "title": "Rock channel heat storage",
  "abstract": "A heat or cold storage system utilizing a plurality of channels dug directly into the earth and filled with rocks which are used to absorb heat or cold for storage, a part of such storage being the rocks themselves and a (usually much larger) part being the adjacent earth. Conduit connections are provided for carrying heat or cold to the rocks.",
  "claims": [
    "1. The method of forming a heat or cold storage arrangement comprising the steps of forming at least one channel between earth material layers, said channel being substantially upright and having an upright dimension substantially greater than its horizontal width and having a preselected length, placing perforated fluid carrying ducts which substantially span the horizontal width of the channel at spaced locations in said channel, filling said channel between said ducts with a material comprising discrete solid particles having substantial interstitial spaces, and connecting said ducts to means to circulate fluid from one duct to the other through the interstitial spaces.",
    "2. The method of claim 1 wherein the steps of forming a channel comprises digging the channel directly in the earth below the surface of the ground.",
    "3. The method of claim 2 including the method of digging a separate trench spaced from and surrounding desired portions of said first mentioned channel, and filling said trench with an insulation material.",
    "4. The method of claim 1 including the step of overlaying said channel with a layer of insulating material, and covering said insulating material with a water impervious layer.",
    "5. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of forming said channel comprising the digging of said channel with excavation equipment used."
  ],
  "cpc": [
    "F28D 20/0056",
    "Y02E 60/14"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "WERNER FRANK D"
  ],
  "filing_date": "1977-01-31",
  "publication_date": "1979-02-13",
  "grant_date": "1979-02-13",
  "priority_date": "1975-05-21",
  "application_number": "US-76451177-A",
  "family_id": "24317114",
  "citations": [
    "US2828681A",
    "US3987786A",
    "US4054246A"
  ]
}