User coupled human-machine interface

{
  "publication_number": "US9158376B2",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "B2",
  "title": "User coupled human-machine interface",
  "abstract": "An input device for commanding an exoskeleton worn by a person, adapted to be coupled to the person, the input device comprising: at least one signal generator adapted to be coupled to the user's finger capable of generating at least one electric signal when said one signal generator gets contacted and, an input device controller adapted to be coupled to the user's body capable of receiving and processing at least one signal and transmitting a command signal to the exoskeleton.",
  "claims": [
    "1. A system for operating an exoskeleton comprising: an exoskeleton including: first and second leg supports configured to be coupled to a user's lower limbs, each of the first and second leg supports including a thigh link; an exoskeleton trunk configured to be coupled to a user's upper body, said exoskeleton trunk being rotatably connected to each of the first and second leg supports to allow for the flexion and extension between said first and second leg supports and said exoskeleton trunk; first and second powered actuators coupled to respective first and second leg supports, said first and second actuators configured to provide movement of the leg supports relative to said exoskeleton trunk; a support device separate from the exoskeleton to be held by a user of the exoskeleton, said support device comprising at least one support handle adapted to be grasped by a user's hand; an exoskeleton controller configured to shift said exoskeleton among a plurality of operational states and to receive user command signals; and a user input device for commanding said exoskeleton, said input device-including: a signal generator adaptable to be coupled to said user's finger, when the user's hand is in weight-bearing engagement with said support handle, so that said signal generator generates at least one electric signal when said user grasps said at least one support handle and said user's finger selectively contacts said signal generator against said at least one support handle without interfering with the weight-bearing engagement of the user's hand, and an input device controller adaptable to be coupled to said user's body capable of receiving said at least one signal from said signal generator, processing said at least one signal and transmitting said user command signals to said exoskeleton controller, said input device controller having an element or combination of elements selected from the group consisting of a display, a vibrating motor, and a speaker so that said input device controller is capable of generating visual information, tactile sensation, and/or audible sound related to said exoskeleton and/or said input device controller's status.",
    "2. The system of claim 1, wherein said signal generator has an actuator comprising an element or combination of elements selected from the group consisting of pushbuttons, switches including momentary switches, rocker switches, sliding switches, capacitive switches, resistive switches, thumbwheels, thumb balls, roll wheels, track balls, keys, knobs, potentiometers, encoders, force sensors, stain gauge forces sensor and linear variable differential transformers.",
    "3. The system of claim 1, wherein said signal generator is coupled to a user's finger via an element or a combination of elements selected from the group consisting of sleeves, straps, metal rings, plastic rings, tapes, and clips.",
    "4. The system of claim 1, wherein said signal generator transmits said at least one signal to said input device controller via at least one wire.",
    "5. The system of claim 1, wherein said input device controller is coupled to said user's body via an element or a combination of elements selected from the group consisting of straps, bands, tapes, clips, chains, rings, and belts.",
    "6. The system of claim 1, wherein said input device controller comprises a microcomputer, at least one battery and a wireless transceiver module capable of wirelessly sending said command signal to said exoskeleton.",
    "7. The system of claim 1, wherein said command signal initiates a motion in said exoskeleton.",
    "8. The system of claim 1, wherein said command signal stops a motion in said exoskeleton.",
    "9. The system of claim 1, wherein said command increases said exoskeleton's speed.",
    "10. The system of claim 1, wherein said command signal decreases said exoskeleton's speed.",
    "11. The system of claim 1, wherein said command signal causes a change in configuration of said exoskeleton.",
    "12. The system of claim 1, wherein said exoskeleton is capable of sending at least one feedback signal to said input device controller for processing, wherein said feedback signal represents said exoskeleton's status.",
    "13. The system of claim 1, wherein said signal generator is integrated into a glove wherein said glove is adapted to be worn by said user.",
    "14. The system of claim 1, wherein the user input device controller includes a display for displaying visual information selected from the group consisting of text, still image, animation, video clips, and a combination thereof.",
    "15. A control method of an exoskeleton utilizing the system of claim 1; said control method comprising the steps of: when the user's hand is in weight-bearing engagement with the support handle, generating at least one signal by contacting the support handle with said signal generator in said glove without interfering with the weight-bearing engagement of the user's hand; processing said signal in said input device controller; generating a command signal for said exoskeleton in said input device controller; transmitting said command signal to the exoskeleton controller to cause, change, or inhibit motion in said exoskeleton; and generating visual information, tactile sensation, and/or audible sound related to said exoskeleton and/or said input device controller's status on the glove.",
    "16. The method claim of 15, where the said signal generated by said signal generator represents a force between said user's finger and said handle.",
    "17. The method claim of 15, wherein said signal generator has an actuator comprising an element or combination of elements selected from the group consisting of pushbuttons, switches including momentary switches, rocker switches, sliding switches, capacitive switches, resistive switches, thumbwheels, thumb balls, roll wheels, track balls, keys, knobs, potentiometers, encoders, force sensors, stain gauge forces sensor and linear variable differential transformers.",
    "18. The method claim of 15, where the said command signal is transmitted wirelessly.",
    "19. The method claim of 15, wherein said command signal comprises any single or combination of signals selected from the group consisting of a signal representing the desired velocity of said exoskeleton, a signal representing the desired acceleration of said exoskeleton, and a signal representing the orientation of said exoskeleton.",
    "20. The method of claim 15, wherein visual information is generate and displayed on a display of the input device, wherein the visual information is selected from the group consisting of text, still image, animation, video clips, and a combination thereof."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "1. Technical Field\n\nThe present invention pertains to the art of controlling exoskeleton systems, and more particularly, to a control system which is adapted to be coupled to a person.\n\n2. Discussion of the Prior Art\n\nPatients who have difficulty walking often use wheelchairs for mobility. It is a common and well-respected opinion in the field that postponing the use of wheelchairs will retard the onset of other types of secondary disabilities and diseases. The ramifications of long-term wheelchair use are secondary injuries including hip, knee, and ankle contractures, heterotopic ossification of lower extremity joints, frequent urinary tract infection, spasticity, and reduced heart and circulatory function. These injuries must be treated with hospital care, medications, and several surgical procedures. Physicians strongly advocate the idea that it is essential for patients to forgo the use of wheelchairs and remain upright and mobile as much as possible.\n\nFunctional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is primarily used to restore function in people with disabilities. FES is a technique that uses electrical currents to activate muscles in lower extremities affected by paralysis resulting from spinal cord injury (SCI), head injury, stroke and other neurological disorders. The patient wears a set of orthosis for stability. An electrical stimulator is always in the “off” mode except when the patient decides to walk. By triggering a mini-switch mounted on each handlebar of a rolling walker, the patient activates one or some of the quadriceps and hamstrings and muscles.",
  "cpc": [
    "G06F 3/014",
    "A61F 4/00",
    "A61H 1/00",
    "A61H 1/024",
    "A61H 1/0244",
    "A61H 1/0262",
    "A61H 2201/1635",
    "A61H 2201/165",
    "A61H 2201/1652",
    "A61H 2201/5007",
    "A61H 2201/5035",
    "A61H 2201/5043",
    "A61H 2201/5048",
    "A61H 2201/5061",
    "A61H 2201/5097",
    "A61H 2203/0406",
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    "B25J 9/0006",
    "G05B 15/02",
    "G05B 2219/40305",
    "G06F 3/011"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "A61F 4/00",
    "A61H 1/00",
    "A61H 1/02",
    "B25J 9/00",
    "G05B 15/02",
    "G06F 3/01"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "University of California San Diego UCSD"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "Homayoon Kazerooni",
    "Yoon Jung JEONG",
    "Kyunam Kim"
  ],
  "filing_date": "2014-05-30",
  "publication_date": "2015-10-13",
  "grant_date": "2015-10-13",
  "priority_date": "2013-05-30",
  "application_number": "US-201414291101-A",
  "family_id": "51986007",
  "cited_by_count": 8,
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}