Wind turbine blade railroad transportation system and method

{
  "publication_number": "US9347426B2",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "B2",
  "title": "Wind turbine blade railroad transportation system and method",
  "abstract": "A system and method for transporting a first and second airfoil using a center railcar coupled to two additional railcars. A pair of root brackets support the root ends of the two airfoils on the two additional cars, aligning the two airfoils over the center car. A lower sling stand on the center railcar has a pair of vertical side members extending upwardly to hang a lower sling that support the first airfoil. An upper sling stand has a base that is supported by the lower sling stand, and also has a pair of upper side members that support an upper sling. The second airfoil is supported by the upper sling. The upper sling stand is fixedly supported on the lower sling stand so as to support the second airfoil above the first airfoil in overlapping fashion.",
  "claims": [
    "1. A system for transporting a first and second airfoil, each having a root end, midsection, and tip, using a center railcar coupled to a first and second railcar, comprising: a first bracket, for disposition between the root end of the first airfoil and the first railcar, which orients the tip of the first airfoil toward the center railcar; a second bracket, for disposition between the root end of the second airfoil and the second railcar, which orients the tip of the second airfoil toward the center railcar; a lower sling stand having a lower base, attachable to the center railcar, and a pair of lower side members extending upwardly therefrom that define an opening between said pair of lower side members through which the first airfoil can be inserted into said lower sling stand; a lower sling hung between said pair of lower side members to support the first airfoil along its midsection; an upper sling stand having an upper base, attachable to said pair of lower side members, and a pair of upper side members extending upwardly therefrom; an upper sling hung between said pair of upper side members to support the second airfoil along its midsection, and wherein said upper base is attachable to said pair of lower side members, thereby positioning said upper sling to support the midsection of the second airfoil above the midsection of the first airfoil.",
    "2. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a lower lateral guide positioned to limit lateral movement of the first airfoil between said pair of lower side members, and an upper lateral guide positioned to limit lateral movement of the second airfoil between said upper pair of side members.",
    "3. The system of claim 2, and wherein: said lower lateral guide includes a pair of lower rollers rotatably supported from said lower sling stand, and aligned to engage the first airfoil and limit lateral movement thereof, and said upper lateral guide include a pair of upper rollers rotatably supported from said upper sling stand, and aligned to engage the second airfoil and limit lateral movement thereof.",
    "4. The system of claim 1, and wherein: said lower sling and said upper sling are comprised of plural webbing straps, and wherein said lower sling and said upper sling are removably attached to said lower sling stand and said upper sling stand, respectively, with plural chains, and wherein flexibility of said lower sling and said upper sling accommodate misalignment of said first airfoil and said second airfoil, respectively.",
    "5. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a lower alignment member disposed about said pair of lower side members; an upper alignment member disposed about said upper base, for engaging said lower alignment member to thereby fixedly locate said upper sling stand above said lower sling stand.",
    "6. The system of claim 5, and wherein: said lower alignment member comprises plural tapered extensions from said lower side members, and said upper alignment member comprises plural openings in said upper base that are sized to receive said plural tapered extensions.",
    "7. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a latch disposed to secure said upper sling stand on said lower sling stand.",
    "8. The system of claim 7, and wherein: said latch comprises at least a first hasp suitable to receive a security padlock.",
    "9. The system of claim 1, and wherein: said first bracket and said second bracket enable rotation of the root end of said first airfoil and said second airfoil, respectively, about a vertical axis of rotation.",
    "10. An apparatus for supporting the midsections of a first airfoil and a second airfoil above a railcar, comprising: a lower sling stand having a lower base, attachable to the railcar, and a pair of lower side members extending upwardly therefrom that define an opening between said pair of lower side members through which the first airfoil can be inserted into said lower sling stand; a lower sling, comprised of plural webbing straps, hung between said pair of lower side members to support the first airfoil along its midsection; an upper sling stand having an upper base, attachable to said pair of lower side members, and a pair of upper side members extending upwardly therefrom; an upper sling, comprised of plural webbing straps, hung between said pair of upper side members to support the second airfoil along its midsection; a pair of lower rollers rotatably supported from said lower sling stand, and aligned to engage the first airfoil and limit lateral movement between said pair of lower side members; a pair of upper rollers rotatably supported from said upper sling stand, and aligned to engage the second airfoil and limit lateral movement between said upper pair of side members; a lower alignment member disposed about said pair of lower side members, and an upper alignment member disposed about said upper base, for engaging said lower alignment member and thereby fixedly position said upper sling to support the midsection of the second airfoil above the midsection of the first airfoil.",
    "11. A method of transporting a first and second airfoil, each having a root end, midsection, and tip, using a center railcar coupled to a first and second railcar, and using a first root bracket, a second root bracket, a lower sling stand having a lower base and a pair of lower side members extending upwardly therefrom that define an opening between the pair of lower side members, a lower sling, an upper sling stand having an upper base and a pair of upper side members extending upwardly therefrom, and an upper sling, the method comprising the steps of: attaching the first root bracket between the root end of the first airfoil and the first railcar, thereby orienting the tip of the first airfoil toward the center railcar; attaching the second root bracket between the root end of the second airfoil and the second railcar, thereby orienting the tip of the second airfoil toward the center railcar; attaching the lower base of the lower sling stand to the center railcar; hanging the lower sling between the pair of lower side members; inserting the first airfoil into the opening between the pair of lower side members, and supporting the first airfoil, along its midsection, on the lower sling; stacking the upper base of the upper sling stand on the pair of lower side members of the lower sling stand; hanging the upper sling between the pair of upper side members; supporting the second airfoil, along its midsection, on the upper sling, and thereby positioning the midsection of the second airfoil above the midsection of the first airfoil.",
    "12. The method of claim 11, further comprising the steps of: positioning a lower lateral guide with respect to the lower sling stand, thereby limiting lateral movement of the first airfoil between the pair of lower side members, and positioning an upper lateral guide with respect to the upper sling stand, thereby limiting lateral movement of the second airfoil between said upper pair of side members.",
    "13. The method of claim 12, and wherein: the lower lateral guide includes a pair of lower rollers rotatably supported from the lower sling stand, for engaging the first airfoil, thereby limiting lateral movement thereof, and the upper lateral guide includes a pair of upper rollers rotatably supported from the upper sling stand, for engaging the second airfoil, thereby limiting lateral movement thereof.",
    "14. The method of claim 11, and wherein the lower sling and the upper sling are comprised of plural webbing straps, further comprising the steps of: attaching the lower sling to the lower sling stand using plural chain; attaching the upper sling to the upper sling stand using plural chains, and thereby accommodating misalignment of the first airfoil and the second airfoil by virtue of the flexibility of the chains.",
    "15. The method of claim 11, and wherein the lower sling stand includes a lower alignment member disposed about the pair of lower side members, and the upper sling stand includes an upper alignment member disposed about the upper base, the method further including the steps of: engaging the lower alignment member with the upper alignment member, thereby fixedly locating the upper sling stand above the lower sling stand.",
    "16. The method of claim 15, and wherein: the lower alignment member includes plural tapered extensions from the lower side members, and the upper alignment member includes plural openings in the upper base that are sized to receive the plural tapered extensions.",
    "17. The method of claim 11, further comprising the step of: securing the upper sling stand to the lower sling stand using a latch.",
    "18. The method of claim 17, and wherein: the latch includes at least a first hasp suitable for receiving a security padlock.",
    "19. The method of claim 11, and wherein the first bracket and the second bracket include a vertical axis of rotation, and further comprising the steps of: enabling rotation of the root end of the first airfoil and said second airfoil about the vertical axes of rotation."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "1. Field of the Invention\n\nThe present invention relates to transporting wind turbine blades. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system and method for transporting pairs of long airfoils via railroad using a dual blade sling stand.\n\n2. Description of the Related Art\n\nLarge-scale wind turbines are used to generate electrical power. Wind turbines consist of a tower, a generator nacelle, a rotor hub and two or more wind turbine blades. At the time of this writing, wind turbine blades are manufactured in excess of fifty meters in length. Wind turbine blades are one type of airfoil, and airplane wings are anther type of airfoil, for example. Among other modes of transportation, wind turbine blades are transported by railroad, most commonly on rail flatcars. Since the length of a standard rail flatcar is about twenty-eight meters, coupler to coupler, it's clear that two railcars are required to transport a single blade that has a length of approximately 50 meters. The cost of transporting wind turbine components is considerable, and there is certainly a motivation to keep costs to a minimum. These costs include direct railroad expenses for rail transportation, and also include costs associated with building and handling fixtures as well as the cost of loading and unloading wind turbine blades on railcars.\n\nThe inventors of the present disclosure have a number of issued patents that address other aspects of wind turbine blade rail transportation. Among these are U.S. Pat. No. 7,591,621, issued Sep.",
  "cpc": [
    "F03D 13/40",
    "B61D 3/16",
    "B61D 45/00",
    "B61D 45/001",
    "F03D 1/005",
    "Y02E 10/72"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "B61D 45/00",
    "F03D 1/00",
    "B60P 3/40"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "Transportation Technology Services Inc"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "Scott C. Landrum",
    "T. Christopher King"
  ],
  "filing_date": "2014-08-25",
  "publication_date": "2016-05-24",
  "grant_date": "2016-05-24",
  "priority_date": "2014-08-25",
  "application_number": "US-201414467144-A",
  "family_id": "55347915",
  "cited_by_count": 20,
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}