authorization

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CYB-000344",
  "term": "authorization",
  "field": "Cybersecurity",
  "definition": "1. Access privileges granted to a user, program, or process or the act of granting those privileges. Formerly known as \"accreditation.\"\n\n2. The decision to permit or deny a subject access to system objects (network, data, application, service, etc.).\n\n3. The right or a permission that is granted to a system entity to access a system resource.\n\n4. Access privileges granted to a user, program, or process or the act of granting those privileges.\n\n5. The official management decision given by a senior official to authorize operation of a system or the common controls inherited by designated organizations systems and to explicitly accept the risk to organizational operations (including mission, functions, image, and reputation), organizational assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation based on the implementation of an agreed-upon set of security and privacy controls. Also known as authorization to operate.\n\n6. The process of verifying that a requested action or service is approved for a specific entity.\n\n7. Access privileges granted to an entity; conveys an “official” sanction to perform a cryptographic function or other sensitive activity.\n\n8. See authorization.\n\n9. Access privileges that are granted to an entity that convey an “official” sanction to perform a security function or activity.\n\n10. The process of granting or denying specific requests for obtaining and using information and related information processing services; and to enter specific physical facilities (e.g., Federal buildings, military establishments, and border crossing entrances).\n\n11. The decision to permit or deny a subject access to system objects (network, data, application, service, etc.)\n\n12. The official management decision of the Designated Authorizing Official to permit operation of an issuer after determining that the issuer’s reliability has satisfactorily been established through appropriate assessment processes.\n\n13. The official management decision given by a senior organizational official to authorize the operation of an information system and to explicitly accept the risk to organizational operations and assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation, based on the implementation of an agreed-upon set of security controls.\n\n14. The granting or denying of access rights to a user, program, or process.\n\n15. The process of initially establishing access privileges of an individual and subsequently verifying the acceptability of a request for access.",
  "synonyms": [
    "access control",
    "authorize processing",
    "Security Authorization"
  ],
  "references": [
    "CNSSI 4009-2022",
    "CNSSI 4009-2022 from NIST SP 800-162 (adapted)",
    "NIST SP 1800-10B from NIST SP 800-82r3; NIST SP 1800-27C from NIST SP 800-82r3; NIST SP 800-82r3 from RFC 4949 (adapted)",
    "NIST SP 800-160 Vol. 2 Rev. 1 from CNSSI 4009-2022; NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 from CNSSI 4009-2022; NIST SP 800-53A Rev. 5 from CNSSI 4009-2022",
    "NIST SP 800-12 Rev. 1",
    "NIST SP 800-152; NIST SP 800-57 Part 2 Rev.1",
    "NIST SP 800-57 Part 2 Rev.1",
    "NIST SP 800-137",
    "NIST SP 800-57 Part 1 Rev. 5",
    "NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5",
    "NIST SP 800-162",
    "NIST SP 800-79-2",
    "NIST SP 800-175A",
    "NISTIR 7316",
    "NISTIR 4734",
    "NIST CSRC Glossary"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/cybersecurity/authorization/"
}