Method to form a coarsely discretized 3-D decoration

{
  "publication_number": "US10425555B2",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "B2",
  "title": "Method to form a coarsely discretized 3-D decoration",
  "abstract": "A method to make a decoration, the decoration made from a plurality of colored objects arranged in a regular pattern on a colored substrate, individual colored objects discernable at arm's length, with the decoration recognizable at greater distance as corresponding to a digital image. The colored objects may be pushpins, and no colored objects are placed at positions where the substrate color is the desired color. Embodiments also include an apparatus to select a single pushpin from a container of pushpins, and an apparatus to orient a pushpin in preparation for insertion into the substrate.",
  "claims": [
    "1. A method to produce a decoration, comprising the steps of: providing a substrate comprising a major surface having a substrate color, the substrate having a size comprising a predetermined width and predetermined height, wherein a ratio of the width to the height forms an aspect ratio; providing a plurality of colored objects having a respective object width and a respective object height, each colored object having a respective color selected from a first reduced color palette, the first reduced color palette not including the substrate color; redigitizing a digital image to match a combination of substrate size and colored object spacing when the colored objects are arranged as a grid on the substrate, to produce a redigitized image; remapping a color palette of the redigitized image to a second reduced color palette, the second reduced color palette comprising the first reduced color palette plus the substrate color, to produce a remapped image comprising remapped pixels; for each remapped pixel in the remapped image, perform the steps of: if a color of the remapped pixel is a member of the first reduced color palette, selecting a colored object with a color equal to the color of the remapped pixel, and attaching the colored object to the substrate at a location corresponding to the remapped pixel; and if a color of the remapped pixel is equal to the substrate color, skipping attachment of a colored object to the substrate at the location corresponding to the remapped pixel.",
    "2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of redigitizing comprises the steps of: cropping the digital image to the aspect ratio, to produce a cropped image; scaling the cropped image to fit the combination of substrate size and colored object spacing.",
    "3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of redigitizing comprises the steps of: scaling the digital image to fit the combination of substrate size and colored object spacing, to produce a scaled image; and cropping the scaled image to the aspect ratio.",
    "4. The method of claim 2, wherein scaling the cropped image comprises the steps of: dividing the substrate width by a width of a colored object, to produce a maximum width count; and downsampling the cropped image to have a width in pixels given by the maximum width count.",
    "5. The method of claim 2, wherein scaling the cropped image comprises the steps of: dividing the substrate height by a height of a colored object, to produce a maximum height count; and downsampling the cropped image to have a height in pixels given by the maximum height count.",
    "6. The method of claim 1, wherein the grid comprises a rectangular grid.",
    "7. The method of claim 1, wherein the grid comprises a hexagonal grid.",
    "8. The method of claim 1, wherein the colored objects comprise pushpins, and the step of attaching the colored object to the substrate comprises inserting a pushpin into the substrate.",
    "9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of inserting a pushpin into the substrate comprises inserting at least a portion of the pushpins at a non-perpendicular angle into the substrate.",
    "10. The method of claim 9, wherein pushpins inserted at a non-perpendicular angle comprise a portion of the digital image that represents a moving object.",
    "11. The method of claim 1, wherein the major surface of the substrate comprises a second region having a second substrate color, and the step of skipping attachment of a colored object to the substrate at the location corresponding to the remapped pixel depends upon the substrate color at the location.",
    "12. The method of claim 1, further comprising a step of affixing to the substrate an object having a surface with a metallic shine.",
    "13. The method of claim 1, further comprising a step of affixing to the substrate a translucent object.",
    "14. The method of claim 1, further comprising a step of applying a coating to the substrate to improve adherence of the colored objects to the substrate.",
    "15. The method of claim 1, further comprising a step of reserving a margin region along at least one peripheral edge of the substrate, wherein no colored objects are affixed within the margin region.",
    "16. The method of claim 1, wherein the colored objects form a portion of an image having a different depth than a portion of the image formed from a corresponding portion of the substrate without affixed colored objects.",
    "17. The method of claim 1, wherein both the object width and object height respectively are substantially uniform among the plurality of colored objects.",
    "18. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a foam board.",
    "19. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a corkboard.",
    "20. The method of claim 1, wherein the second reduced color palette comprises a six-color palette."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "Embodiments of the invention pertain to a decorative, coarsely discretized three-dimensional artwork, and apparatus, system and method for making the same.\n\nA graphic representation may include a digital photograph (i.e., image captured digitally) or digitized photograph (i.e., image captured as a film-based photograph that is later digitally scanned), both of which will be referred to herein as a digital image. The digital image is formed from a large number of individual picture elements (pixels), with each pixel representing a finely discrete, spatially identifiable portion of the digital image as a single color or shade of gray.\n\nThe spatially identifiable portion of the digital image represented by each pixel is usually very small, such that individual pixels ordinarily cannot be seen by the unaided eye. The pixels are arranged in a grid having rows and columns. When the pixels making up the digital image are viewed by a human at a comfortable distance (e.g., arm's length of about 2-3 feet), typically without magnification, the individual pixels are perceived by the eye and mind as blending to form a continuous, non-discretized image. The digital image is finely-discretized (i.e., a finely-discretized digital image), and if in color typically will use a color palette having a large number of possible colors for each pixel, such as 16 million colors representable by a 24-bit color word. The digital image, if in black and white, is also finely-discretized and may include a somewhat smaller but still large number of shades of gray, such as 256 shades (8-bit) or 65,536 shades (16-bit).",
  "cpc": [
    "H04N 1/3875",
    "B29C 65/48",
    "B29C 65/56",
    "B44C 1/28",
    "B44C 3/12",
    "B44F 1/08",
    "H04N 1/60"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "B29C 65/48",
    "B29C 65/56",
    "H04N 1/387",
    "H04N 1/60",
    "B44C 1/28",
    "B44C 3/12",
    "B44F 1/08"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "Alexander D. Walter"
  ],
  "filing_date": "2016-12-30",
  "publication_date": "2019-09-24",
  "grant_date": "2019-09-24",
  "priority_date": "2015-01-09",
  "application_number": "US-201615395177-A",
  "family_id": "56366924",
  "cited_by_count": 0,
  "citations": [
    "US20100099073A1"
  ]
}