Esters as components of lubricants

{
  "publication_number": "US4025447A",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "A",
  "title": "Esters as components of lubricants",
  "abstract": "This invention relates to esters prepared by reacting A. a mixture of tri-, tetra- and hexafunctional polyols in which the molar ratio of the trifunctional polyol to the other polyols is from about 0.5:1 to 10:1 and in which the molar ratio of the hexafunctional polyol to the tetrafunctional polyol is from about 0 to 1.2:1, and B. a mixtue of linear alkyl monocarboxylic acids comprised of (i) one or more acids having from 7 to 8 carbon atoms and (ii) one or more acids having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, the molar ratio of the acids (i) to the acids (ii) being from about 1.5:1 to 6:1. The invention also relates to lubricating compositions comprised of the esters.",
  "claims": [
    "1. An ester prepared by reacting (a) a mixture of tri-, tetra- and hexafunctional polyols in which the molar ratio of the trifunctional polyol to the other polyols is from about 0.5:1 to 10:1 and in which the molar ratio of the hexafunctional polyol to the tetrafunctional polyols is from about 0 to 1.2:1, and (b) a mixture of linear alkyl monocarboxylic acids comprised of (i) one or more acids having from 7 to 8 carbon atoms and (ii) one or more acids having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, the molar ratio of acids (i) to acids (ii) being from about 1.5:1 to 6:1.",
    "2. An ester prepared by reacting (a) a mixture of tri-, tetra- and hexafunctional polyols in which the molar ratio of the trifunctional polyol to the other polyols is from about 0.5:1 to 10:1 and in which the molar ratio of the hexafunctional polyol to the tetrafunctional polyols is from about 0 to 1.2:1, and (b) a mixture of linear alkyl monocarboxylic acids comprised of (i) one or more acids having from 7 to 8 carbon atoms and (ii) one or more acids having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, the molar ratio of acids (i) to acids (ii) being from about 1.5:1 to 6:1, said ester being characterized by having a viscosity of from about 5 to 7 cs at 210° F., a viscosity index higher than 140, and a pour point of -30° C. or less.",
    "3. An ester of claim 2 wherein the polyols are trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, and dipentaerythritol.",
    "4. A mixture of two or more esters of claim 2",
    "5. An ester prepared by reacting (a) a mixture of trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, and dipentaerythritol in which the molar ratio of the trimethylolpropane to the other polyols is from about 0.5:1 to 10:1 and the molar ratio of the dipentaerythritol to the pentaerythritol is from about 0 to 1.2:1, and (b) a mixture of linear alkyl monocarboxylic acids comprised of (i) one or more acids having from 7 to 8 carbon atoms and (ii) one or more acids having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, the molar ratio of acids (i) to acids (ii) being from about 1.5:1 to 6:1, said ester being characterized by having a viscosity of from about 5 to 7 cs at 210° F., a viscosity index higher than 140, and a pour point of -30° C. or less.",
    "6. A mixture of two or more of the esters prepared in claim 5.",
    "7. A lubricating composition comprising one or more of the esters of claim 2.",
    "8. A lubricating composition comprising one or more of the esters of claim 5.",
    "9. A lubricating composition comprising a mineral oil, and one or more of the esters of claim 2.",
    "10. A lubricating composition comprising a mineral oil, and one or more of the esters of claim 5.",
    "11. A method of lubricating an internal combustion engine which comprises employing a lubricating composition comprising one or more of the esters of claim 2.",
    "12. The method of claim 11 wherein the lubricating composition also comprises a mineral oil."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "This invention relates to synthetic products and particularly to organic esters suitable for use in the formulation of lubricants for internal combustion engines.\n\nThe use of synthetic components results in multi-grade lubricants that more easily overcome the inconveniences which often are met when lubricants having natural bases are used such as the presence of extremely fluid mineral fractions, introduced for obtaining the desired viscosities at low temperature and the necessity of high percentages viscosity index improvers additives.\n\nThe synthetic based lubricant to be utilized for this purpose must advantageously possess suitable characteristics. In the case of use in motor-car engines it is necessary for the product to have a low volatility in relation to its viscosity. In addition, the product should have such viscosity-temperature characteristics so to easily permit a cool starting and at the same time to ensure a good lubrication at the maximum temperatures obtainable during running. Furthermore, the synthetic based lubricant must possess high thermal stability, good resistance against oxidation and good lubricating power.\n\nThe products which are the object of the invention can be used as such or in mixture with mineral oils. According to a chemical point of view they result from the reaction between two or more different types of polyhydroxylic compounds and two or more different types of monocarboxylic acids. The employed chemical types and the ratios among the different chemical types are suitably defined so to supply products having particular features.",
  "cpc": [
    "C10M 1/08",
    "C10M 2207/281",
    "C10M 2207/282",
    "C10M 2207/283",
    "C10M 2207/286",
    "C10M 2207/287",
    "C10M 2209/109"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "C07C 67/00",
    "C07C 67/08",
    "C07C 69/00",
    "C07C 69/02",
    "C07C 69/18",
    "C07C 69/22",
    "C07C 69/30",
    "C07C 69/33",
    "C09K 3/00",
    "C10M 105/32",
    "C10M 105/36",
    "C10M 105/38",
    "C10M 129/74",
    "C10M 169/00"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "SnamProgetti SpA"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "Giuseppe Mancini",
    "Luigi Imparato",
    "Dario Schillani"
  ],
  "filing_date": "1975-04-29",
  "publication_date": "1977-05-24",
  "grant_date": "1977-05-24",
  "priority_date": "1974-05-08",
  "application_number": "US-57265175-A",
  "family_id": "11195746",
  "cited_by_count": 10,
  "citations": [
    "US3048608A",
    "US3309318A",
    "US3694382A"
  ]
}