Clamping element

{
  "publication_number": "US4487110A",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "A",
  "title": "Clamping element",
  "abstract": "A clamping element comprises a single-acting cylinder and a piston with strong spring return which can be cancelled out by introduction of a pressure medium into the pressure chamber of the cylinder. The spring return is brought about, at least mainly, by means of a sleeve (6a, 6b) of rubber or rubber-like material which occupies a gap (5, 5b) between the piston (3, 3a, 3b) and the cylinder wall (7, 7a, 7b) or a lining (40) arranged in the cylinder. The rubber sleeve is firmly vulcanized, firmly glued or surface-fixed in some other manner against the cylindrical exterior of the piston and against the wall of the cylinder or the said lining along an axial length which considerably exceeds the thickness of the gap. (5, 5b)",
  "claims": [
    "1. Clamping element comprising a single-acting cylinder and a piston having a piston rod wherein a sleeve (6,6a, (6b,40)) at least a portion of which is rubber or rubber-like material occupies a gap (5,5b) between the piston (3,3a,3b) and the cylinder wall (7,7a,7b), said sleeve being firmly bonded against the cylindrical exterior of the piston and against the cylinder wall along an axial length which considerably exceeds the thickness of the gap (5,5b), whereby said sleeve exerts a strong spring force upon said piston, when said piston is displaced within said cylinder; said cylinder, said piston and said sleeve defining an enclosed pressure chamber of the cylinder; means for introducing a pressure medium into the pressure chamber of the cylinder, whereby the strong spring spring force exerted by said sleeve on said piston can be cancelled out by introduction of a pressure medium into the pressure chamber of the cylinder; a female clamping member; external engaging means for detachably engaging said female clamping member, said external engaging means being disposed on said piston rod, whereby a clamping force is exerted between said cylinder and said female clamping member by said sleeve upon displacement of said piston within said cylinder, when said female clamping member is engaged by said external engaging means.",
    "2. Clamping element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rubber sleeve (6, 6b) is wholly responsible for said clamping force.",
    "3. Clamping element as claimed in claim 1, wherein one or more metal springs (37) supplement the rubber sleeve (6a) to provide said strong spring force upon said piston.",
    "4. Clamping element as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rubber sleeve (6, 6b) is firmly bonded along an axial length which is at least five times the width of the gap (5, 5b).",
    "5. Clamping element as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rubber sleeve (6a) is firmly bonded along an axial length which is at least twice the width of the gap (5a).",
    "6. Clamping element as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sleeve comprises an interior rubber sleeve (6b) firmly bonded to an external metal sleeve (40), said rubber sleeve bonded against the cylindrical exterior of the piston and said metal sleeve bonded against the cylinder wall.",
    "7. Clamping element as claimed in claim 1, wherein said external engaging means comprise a screw thread.",
    "8. Clamping element as claimed in claim 7, wherein a channel is formed through said piston and piston rod for introduction of a pressure medium into the pressure chamber (13, 13b).",
    "9. Clamping element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cylinder comprises a part of a cap, the top (8, 8b) of which forms the portion of the pressure chamber facing the piston.",
    "10. Clamping element as claimed in claim 9, wherein said cap is formed by deep-pressing of a plate blank.",
    "11. A clamping element comprising: a cylinder member of predetermined internal cross-sectional dimension having an axis and two ends, said cylinder member comprising at least one enclosing wall substantially parallel to said cylinder member axis and an end cap, integral with said at least one enclosing wall, substantially transverse to said cylinder member axis, closing one end of said cylinder member in a fluid-tight seal, whereby said cylinder member has one closed end and one open end; a piston body having an axis and of predetermined outside cross-sectional dimension less than the internal cross-sectional dimension of said cylinder member, said piston body substantially coaxially receivable within said cylinder member with a gap between said piston body and said at least one enclosing wall; a resilient member disposed within said gap and connecting said piston body to said at least one enclosing wall in a fluid-tight seal, said resilient member spring-elastically resisting axial movement of said piston body with said cylinder member; a piston rod having an axis connected to said piston body and extending coaxially outwardly through the open end of said cylinder member; a female clamping member; external engaging means for detachably engaging said female clamping member, said external engaging means disposed on the outward end of said piston rod; means for introducing a pressurized fluid into said cylinder member between said piston body and said end cap, whereby upon axial displacement of said piston body toward said open end of said cylinder member, said resilient member exerts a spring-elastic resisting force thereon, which can be cancelled out by introduction of a pressurized fluid into said cylinder member between said piston body and said end cap, said spring-elastic resisting force acting to clamp an element to be clamped between said female clamping member and said at least one enclosing wall at the open end of said cylinder member, when said female clamping member is engaged by said external engaging means.",
    "12. The clamping element as claimed in claim 11, wherein said means for introducing a pressurized fluid into said cylinder member comprises a hollow bore extending through said piston rod and said piston body, said hollow bore at the outward end of said piston rod being internally threaded.",
    "13. The clamping element as claimed in claim 11, wherein said means for detachably engaging a female clamping member comprises external threading corresponding to internal threading on said female clamping member.",
    "14. The clamping element as claimed in claim 11, further comprising spring means for spring-elastically resisting axial movement of said piston body toward said open end of said cylinder member.",
    "15. The clamping element as claimed in claim 11, wherein said resilient member is connected to said piston body and said at least one enclosing wall along an axial length which is at least two times the width of said gap.",
    "16. The clamping element as claimed in claim 11, wherein said resilient member comprises a sleeve of rubber-like material bonded to said piston body and to said at least one enclosing wall.",
    "17. The clamping element as claimed in claim 11, wherein said resilient member comprises a first sleeve of rubber-like material and a second sleeve of metal, said first sleeve bonded to said piston body and said second sleeve, said second sleeve bonded to said at least one enclosing wall.",
    "18. The clamping element as claimed in claim 11, wherein said cylinder member is formed by deep-pressing of a plate blank.",
    "19. The clamping element as claimed in claim 11, wherein said cylinder member, adjacent its open end, has an internal circumferential groove substantially transverse to said cylinder member axis in said at least one enclosing wall; an annular disc permanently recessed in said groove, the annular opening of said disc receiving said piston rod whereby said piston rod is axially movable therethrough.",
    "20. The clamping element as claimed in claim 19, wherein at least one spring is coaxially disposed about said piston rod between said annular disc and said piston body, whereby said at least one spring spring-elastically resists axial movement of said piston body toward said annular disc."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "The present invention relates to a clamping element of the type which comprises a single-acting cylinder and a piston with strong spring return, which can be cancelled by the introduction of a pressure medium into the pressure chamber of the cylinder.\n\nClamping elements are generally known where the clamping force can be cancelled out so as to release the clamping element with the aid of a single-acting hydraulic cylinder. The way in which such a clamping element can operate is shown for example in U.S. Pat. No. 4,273,461. This patent specification also shows a typical sphere of application for a clamping element of the type which is the object of the present invention, namely to press two objects together with the possibility, when required, of being able to release the coupling between the two objects. In the said U.S. Pat. No. 4,273,461 the two objects comprise parts of a ball and socket joint. The areas of application for clamping elements of the type concerned can however be quite numerous and are in no way restricted to this application. A typical feature of a clamping element as shown in the said U.S. Pat. No. 4,273,461 is that it is relatively large and complicated and hence both expensive to manufacture and in many cases difficult to apply.\n\nA major contributory factor to the high production costs for conventional clamping elements of the type which includes single-acting hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders is that the cylinders have to be manufactured with high accuracy so that the requisite seal can be achieved between the cylinder wall and the piston in the cylinder.",
  "cpc": [
    "F16F 1/445",
    "B23Q 1/28",
    "B25B 5/06",
    "B25B 5/061",
    "F16F 1/3814",
    "F16F 2236/045",
    "Y10T 403/32311"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "B23Q 1/28",
    "B25B 5/06",
    "F16F 1/38",
    "F16F 1/44"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "EME SYSTEM AB"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "OLOFSSON OLOF",
    "LARSSON GUNNAR"
  ],
  "filing_date": "1982-03-31",
  "publication_date": "1984-12-11",
  "grant_date": "1984-12-11",
  "priority_date": "1981-04-13",
  "application_number": "US-44884782-A",
  "family_id": "20343580",
  "citations": [
    "SU819422A1",
    "US1334503A",
    "US2604907A",
    "US2712793A",
    "US3068893A",
    "US3971217A",
    "US4273461A"
  ]
}