Tanks for containing a fluid within a chamber

{
  "publication_number": "US8881924B2",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "B2",
  "title": "Tanks for containing a fluid within a chamber",
  "abstract": "A tank for containing a fluid, such as fuel, oil or gas within a chamber. The walls of the chamber are partially defined by a rigid structure having an opening; and partially defined by an elastomeric diaphragm which is attached around its periphery to the rigid structure and covers the opening in the rigid structure. An attachment frame engages the diaphragm and the rigid structure, and extends around the periphery of the diaphragm. The attachment frame has a first portion which engages the diaphragm, and a second portion which is positioned outside an outer edge of the diaphragm and attached to the rigid structure.",
  "claims": [
    "1. A vehicle, comprising: a tank supplying a fluid for use by said vehicle, said tank containing said fluid within a chamber, wherein the boundaries of the chamber are partially defined by a rigid structure having an opening, and partially defined by an elastomeric diaphragm which is attached around its periphery to the rigid structure and covers the opening, wherein the elastomeric diaphragm comprises a reinforcement element impregnated with an elastomeric matrix, and a flexible protection layer inside the fuel tank which covers the elastomeric diaphragm and protects it against the ingress of corrosive liquid.",
    "2. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the vehicle is an aircraft.",
    "3. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein the tank is a fuel tank.",
    "4. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the flexible protection layer comprises a curtain on each side of the elastomeric diaphragm, wherein the curtain is attached around its periphery to the rigid structure.",
    "5. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein the flexible protection layer comprises a coating which coats the elastomeric diaphragm.",
    "6. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein the diaphragm comprises a fluorosilicone rubber.",
    "7. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein the diaphragm defines at least part of a dividing wall between two tank chambers.",
    "8. The vehicle of claim 1 wherein the diaphragm comprises a relatively thick region around its periphery where it is attached to the rigid structure; and a relatively thin central region.",
    "9. The vehicle of claim 1 further comprising an attachment frame which engages the diaphragm and the rigid structure, and extends around the periphery of the diaphragm.",
    "10. The vehicle of claim 9 further comprising a plurality of fasteners which are distributed around the periphery of the diaphragm, each fastener passing through the thickness of at least the attachment frame and the rigid structure.",
    "11. The vehicle of claim 9 wherein the attachment frame has a first portion which engages the diaphragm, and a second portion which is positioned outside an outer edge of the diaphragm and attached to the rigid structure.",
    "12. The vehicle of claim 11 wherein the second portion of the attachment frame comprises a plurality of holes which pass through the thickness of the attachment frame, each hole receiving a respective fastener which attaches the attachment frame to the rigid structure.",
    "13. The vehicle of claim 9 wherein the attachment frame engages one or two external faces of the diaphragm.",
    "14. The vehicle of claim 11 wherein the first portion of the attachment frame engages one or two external faces of the diaphragm.",
    "15. The vehicle of claim 9, wherein the attachment frame is bonded to the diaphragm.",
    "16. The vehicle of claim 9, wherein at least one external face of the diaphragm comprises one or more protrusions and/or indentations which engage the attachment frame.",
    "17. The vehicle of claim 16 wherein the diaphragm comprises at least one indentation which engages the attachment frame; and a reinforcement element which is encapsulated within the diaphragm, extends around the periphery of the diaphragm, and is positioned closer to an outer edge of the diaphragm than the indentation(s).",
    "18. A vehicle, comprising: a tank for containing a fluid within a chamber, wherein the boundaries of the chamber are partially defined by a rigid structure having an opening, and partially defined by an elastomeric diaphragm which is attached around its periphery to the rigid structure and covers the opening, an attachment frame which engages the diaphragm and the rigid structure, and extends around the periphery of the diaphragm, wherein the attachment frame has a first portion which engages the diaphragm, and a second portion which is positioned outside an outer edge of the diaphragm and attached to the rigid structure, and wherein the first portion of the attachment frame is encapsulated within the diaphragm.",
    "19. A vehicle, comprising: a tank for containing a fluid within a chamber, wherein the boundaries of the chamber are partially defined by a rigid structure having an opening, partially defined by an elastomeric diaphragm which is attached around its periphery to the rigid structure and covers the opening, and one or more actuators configured to change the shape of at least part of the rigid structure to which the diaphragm is attached."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "The present invention relates to a tank for containing a fluids such as fuel, oil or gas, within a chamber. The tank is typically, although not exclusively, installed on a vehicle such as an aircraft.\n\nMost modern aircraft now use fuel tanks incorporated into the airframe structure and use the wing or fuselage skins, spars and ribs as the boundaries. These boundaries are currently made from rigid structural material such as aluminium alloy or reinforced plastic composite. U.S. Pat. No. 5,983,945 describes a wing tank liner which limits the amount of fuel that can be spilled in the event of a crash. A neoprene rubber liner is suspended within the fuel tank from a frame or from the tank itself. It is often necessary to divide up a fuel tank into a number of compartments for aircraft trim, to reduce fuel movements (caused by pitch, roll and yaw) during manoeuvres, and to produce collector cells for the engine fuel feeds. These boundaries are traditionally made from rigid material such as aluminium alloy or of reinforced plastic composites. These traditional materials have a number of advantages such as high tensile strength and stiffness, however their rigidity makes it difficult to remove them for maintenance or tank internal access, particularly within a confined space. They are also relatively dense and thus heavy. For example aluminium alloy typically has a density in the range of 2.85-3.05 Mgm −3, and reinforced plastic composite materials typically have a density in the range of 1.65-1.75 Mgm −3.",
  "cpc": [
    "B64D 37/08",
    "B60K 15/03",
    "B60K 2015/03118",
    "B60K 2015/03144",
    "B60K 2015/03151",
    "F16B 5/02",
    "Y02T 50/40",
    "Y02T 50/44",
    "Y10S 220/905"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "B60K 15/03",
    "B64D 37/02",
    "B64D 37/08",
    "B64D 37/12",
    "B65D 6/10",
    "B65D 6/34",
    "B65D 8/08",
    "B65D 88/12",
    "F16B 5/02"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "WEST COLIN JOHN",
    "ALVES JAMES",
    "PIPER ROBERT",
    "AIRBUS OPERATIONS LTD"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "WEST COLIN JOHN",
    "ALVES JAMES",
    "PIPER ROBERT"
  ],
  "filing_date": "2010-04-16",
  "publication_date": "2014-11-11",
  "grant_date": "2014-11-11",
  "priority_date": "2007-10-19",
  "application_number": "US-76193810-A",
  "family_id": "38829683",
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}