Sodium hypochlorite composition and method of storing and transporting sodium hypochlorite

{
  "publication_number": "US9434616B2",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "B2",
  "title": "Sodium hypochlorite composition and method of storing and transporting sodium hypochlorite",
  "abstract": "A sodium hypochlorite composition comprising between about 25% and about 40% sodium hypochlorite, in the form of a slurry of sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate crystals in a mother liquor saturated in sodium hypochlorite. The composition can include sodium chloride, and an alkai stabilizer such as sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate. The slurry is preferably between about −15° C. and about 10° C. A method of transporting or storing sodium hypochlorite is also provided in which the sodium hypochlorite is in the form of a slurry of sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate crystals in a mother liquor saturated in sodium hypochlorite. The composition can include sodium chloride, and an alkali stabilizer such as sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate. The slurry is preferably between about −15° C. and about 10° C.",
  "claims": [
    "1. A sodium hypochlorite composition comprising sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate crystals and a mother liquor saturated in sodium hypochlorite, comprising between about 25% and about 40% by weight sodium hypochlorite, and sodium chloride, in amount between at least 3.5% and about 10% by weight.",
    "2. The composition according to claim 1 further comprising an alkali to stabilize the composition.",
    "3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the alkali is at least one of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.",
    "4. The composition according to claim 3 wherein the alkali comprises between about 0.01% and about to 3% by weight of the composition.",
    "5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the size (longest dimension) of the sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate crystals is less than about 1 mm.",
    "6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein the size (longest dimension) of the sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate crystals is less than about 0.5 mm.",
    "7. The composition according to claim 6, wherein the size (longest dimension) of the sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate crystals is less than about 0.1 mm.",
    "8. The composition according to claim 6, wherein the size of the sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate crystals is sufficiently small to maintain a suitable viscosity.",
    "9. The composition according to claim 1 wherein the average length to diameter ratio of the sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate crystals is less than about 20:1.",
    "10. The composition according to claim 9 wherein the average length to diameter ratio of the sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate crystals is less than about 6:1.",
    "11. The composition according to claim 1 wherein the composition is at a temperature of between about −15° C. and about 10° C.",
    "12. The composition according to claim 11 wherein the composition is at a temperature of between about −10° C. and about +5° C.",
    "13. The composition according to claim 1 wherein the sodium chloride composition is at least 7%."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "The present disclosure relates to a sodium hypochlorite composition and method of storing and transporting sodium hypochlorite.\n\nThis section provides background information related to the present disclosure which is not necessarily prior art.\n\nThere are many uses for sodium hypochlorite, commonly known as bleach in industrial, utility, and residential applications. In many large-scale applications, sodium hypochlorite has traditionally been produced on-site by combining chlorine, alkali, and water. Chlorine is conventionally provided as liquefied chlorine gas in portable cylinders or in rail cars. However there are certain risks and costs associated with the handling, shipping, and storage of liquefied chlorine. An alternative is to handling liquefied chlorine is to produce the chlorine or sodium hypochlorite by electrolysis. Direct electrolysis is described in prior art as the conversion of sodium chloride-containing brine to a solution containing of sodium hypochlorite in an undivided electrochemical cell. This process has the advantage of producing sodium hypochlorite without the transport of gaseous chlorine and solutions containing caustic soda. The principal disadvantage of on-site direct electrolysis to make bleach is that high conversion of salt to bleach is not achievable simultaneously with high energy efficiency. Another problem encountered with direct electrolysis is the limited life of electrodes used in the electrolysis.",
  "cpc": [
    "C01B 11/062",
    "C01B 11/068"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "C01B 11/06"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "Olin Corp"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "David W. Cawlfield",
    "Randall Taylor Morris",
    "Richard Carl Ness",
    "Leonard L. Scott",
    "Sanders Harrison Moore",
    "Awuri Priye Asuru"
  ],
  "filing_date": "2013-10-30",
  "publication_date": "2016-09-06",
  "grant_date": "2016-09-06",
  "priority_date": "2012-10-31",
  "application_number": "US-201314067672-A",
  "family_id": "50546154",
  "cited_by_count": 2,
  "citations": [
    "US4248848A",
    "US4428918A",
    "EP0099152A1",
    "WO1992017399A1",
    "US5194238A",
    "JP2000290003A",
    "US20100084605A1",
    "WO2008082626A1"
  ]
}