Historically undercounted populations

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ECS-000884",
  "term": "Historically undercounted populations",
  "field": "Economic statistics",
  "definition": "Historically undercounted populations are a critical subset of hard-to-count populations. We restrict the definition of HUPs to those we can measure in our decennial quality assessments and therefore have census coverage data available for them. To identify these groups, we use a more technical definition that considers data from official measures of coverage, such as estimates from the Post-Enumeration Survey (PES) and Demographic Analysis, or other appropriately validated and reviewed research. Using these coverage estimates, we define HUPs as populations with a definitive net undercount over time.\n\nFor example, according to the PES conducted for the 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020 Censuses, the following groups have been persistently undercounted:\n\n• The Black or African American population.\n\n• The American Indian and Alaska Native population living on reservations.\n\n• People who indicate that they are some other race than the categories offered.\n\n• The Hispanic or Latino population.\n\n• Young children, ages 0-4.\n\n• Renters.\n\n• Males, ages 18-29 and ages 30-49.\n\nMore information is available in the blog Understanding Hard-to-Count and Historically Undercounted Populations (census.gov).",
  "abbreviation": "HUPs",
  "see_also": [
    "Hard-to-count (HTC) populations"
  ],
  "references": [
    "U.S. Census Bureau Glossary"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/economic-statistics/historically-undercounted-populations/"
}