Acid Mine Drainage

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-000276",
  "term": "Acid Mine Drainage",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "1. Drainage of water from areas that have been mined for coal of other mineral ores. The water has a low pH because of its contact with sulfur-bearing material and is harmful to aquatic organisms.\n\n2. Drainage of water from areas that have been mined for coal of other mineral ores; the water has low pH, sometimes less than 2.0 (is acid), because of its contact with sulfur-bearing material; acid drainage is harmful because it often kills aquatic organisms.\n\n3. Drainage of water from areas that have been mined for coal or other mineral ores. The water has a low pH because of its contact with sulfur-bearing material and is harmful to aquatic organisms.\n\n4. Drainage of water from areas that have been mined for coal or other mineral ores. The water has a low pH because of its contact with sulfur-bearing material and is harmful to aquatic organisms. [Terms of Environment][Aquatic Biodiversity Glossary]\n\n5. Characterized by low pH, high sulfate, and high iron and other metal species.\n\n6. Liquid drainage from bituminous coal mines containing a high concentration of acidic sulfates, especially ferrous sulfate.\n\n7. Mine drainage which, before any treatment, either has a pH of less than 6.0 or a total iron concentration equal to or greater than 10 mg/l.",
  "abbreviation": "AMD",
  "subject": "Water",
  "references": [
    "Aquatic Biodiversity Glossary; Glossary: Study of the Potential Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing on Drinking Water Resources",
    "Drinking Water Technical & Legal Terms",
    "Terms of Environment; EPA Study of the Potential Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing on Drinking Water Resources: Progress Report at http://www.epa.gov/hfstudy/pdfs/hf-report20121214.pdf",
    "Glossary: Study of the Potential Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing on Drinking Water Resources",
    "EPA Abandoned Mine Site Characterization and Cleanup Handbook Glossary at http://www.epa.gov/superfund/policy/remedy/pdfs/appendix.pdf",
    "IRS Coal Excise Tax - Appendix I, Glossary of Mining Terms",
    "40 CFR 434.11 (CFR 2013)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/acid-mine-drainage/"
}