Spodic Horizon

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-026411",
  "term": "Spodic Horizon",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "A spodic horizon is an illuvial layer with 85 percent or more spodic materials. Spodic materials contain illuvial active amorphous materials composed of organic matter and aluminum, with or without iron. The term “active” is used here to describe materials that have a high pH-dependent charge, a large surface area, and high water retention. In uncultivated soils the spodic horizon normally lies below an albic horizon.",
  "references": [
    "USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Taxonomy: A Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Surveys (1999)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/spodic-horizon/"
}