White Pine Blister Rust

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-030405",
  "term": "White Pine Blister Rust",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "The rust fungus Cronartium ribicola, native to Asia, has become one of the most important diseases of forests in North America affecting five-needle pines after it was introduced from Europe in 1906 (Tainter and Baker, 1996). It is a heteroecious macrocyclic rust that produces spermagonia and aecia on white pine and uredinia and telia on wild and cultivated currant and gooseberries of the genus Ribes.",
  "references": [
    "USDA The Rust Fungi at http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/person/3094/rust_fungi.pdf"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/white-pine-blister-rust/"
}