Atezolizumab

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ONC-000782",
  "term": "Atezolizumab",
  "field": "Oncology and biomedicine",
  "definitions": [
    "A drug that binds to the protein PD-L1 to help immune cells kill cancer cells better and is used to treat different types of cancer, including cancers that express PD-L1. Atezolizumab is used alone or with other drugs to treat adults with certain types of hepatocellular carcinoma (a type of liver cancer), melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, or small cell lung cancer. It is also used alone to treat adults and children aged 2 years and older with alveolar soft part sarcoma that has spread to other parts of the body or cannot be removed by surgery. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Atezolizumab may block PD-L1 and help the immune system kill cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody and a type of immune checkpoint inhibitor. Also called Tecentriq.",
    "A humanized, Fc optimized, monoclonal antibody directed against the protein ligand PD-L1 (programmed cell death-1 ligand 1; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Atezolizumab binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1) expressed on activated T cells, which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. In addition, by binding to PD-L1, atezolizumab also prevents binding of this ligand to B7.1 (CD80) expressed on activated T cells, which further enhances the T-cell-mediated immune response. PD-L1 is overexpressed on many human cancer cell types and on various tumor-infiltrating immune cells. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T cells suppresses the immune system and results in increased immune evasion. PD-1, a transmembrane protein, is a negative regulator of the immune system that limits the expansion and survival of CD8+ T cells. The Fc region of atezolizumab is modified in such a way that it does not induce either antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) or complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC)."
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    "Tecentriq",
    "MPDL328OA",
    "MPDL 328OA"
  ],
  "see_also": [
    "immune checkpoint inhibitor"
  ],
  "references": [
    "NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms",
    "National Cancer Institute Thesaurus"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/oncology/atezolizumab/"
}