Flt3 ligand/anti-CTLA-4 antibody/IL-12 engineered oncolytic Vaccinia virus RIVAL-01

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ONC-013630",
  "term": "Flt3 ligand/anti-CTLA-4 antibody/IL-12 engineered oncolytic Vaccinia virus RIVAL-01",
  "field": "Oncology and biomedicine",
  "definition": "An oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV; VACV) genetically engineered to express an Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) ligand, an antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the Flt3 ligand/anti-CTLA-4 antibody/IL-12 engineered oncolytic VV RIVAL-01, the virus preferentially targets, infects and replicates in tumor cells, causing oncolysis. In turn, the lysed tumor cells release various tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), which induce an immune response against the tumor cells. In addition, the Flt3 ligand, the anti-ctla-4 antibody and IL-12 are expressed by the VV in the cancer cells and may activate the immune system within the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby stimulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. The anti-CTLA-4 antibody targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation, which promotes T-cell activation. Flt3 ligand binds to the Flt3 tyrosine kinase receptor and promotes Flt3 signaling which plays an important role in expanding the population of antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs). IL-12 activates natural killer cells (NKs), induces the secretion of interferon-gamma and promotes CD8 cytotoxic T-cell responses against tumor cells, which may result in immune-mediated tumor cell death and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.",
  "synonyms": [
    "engineered oncolytic Vaccinia virus TBio-6517",
    "Flt3 ligand/anti-CTLA-4 antibody/IL-12 engineered oncolytic VV RIVAL-01"
  ],
  "references": [
    "National Cancer Institute Thesaurus"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/oncology/flt3-ligand-anti-ctla-4-antibody-il-12-engineered-oncolytic-vaccinia-virus-rival/"
}