Nivolumab

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ONC-005854",
  "term": "Nivolumab",
  "field": "Oncology and biomedicine",
  "definitions": [
    "A drug that binds to the protein PD-1 to help immune cells kill cancer cells better and is used to treat many different types of cancer. These include cancers that express the protein PD-L1 or that have certain mutations (changes) in genes involved in DNA repair. Nivolumab is used alone or with other drugs to treat certain types of classic Hodgkin lymphoma, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, gastroesophageal junction cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma (a type of liver cancer), malignant pleural mesothelioma, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma (a type of kidney cancer), stomach cancer, and urothelial carcinoma (a type of bladder or urinary tract cancer). It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Nivolumab may block PD-1 and help the immune system kill cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody and a type of immune checkpoint inhibitor. Also called Opdivo.",
    "A fully human immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1, PCD-1) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nivolumab binds to and blocks the activation of PD-1, an immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) transmembrane protein, by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2), which is primarily expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This results in the activation of T cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. Activated PD-1 negatively regulates T-cell activation and plays a key role in tumor evasion from host immunity."
  ],
  "abbreviation": "NIVO",
  "synonyms": [
    "Opdivo",
    "nivolumab biosimilar CMAB819",
    "nivolumab biosimilar ABP 206",
    "nivolumab biosimilar BCD-263"
  ],
  "see_also": [
    "immune checkpoint inhibitor"
  ],
  "references": [
    "NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms",
    "National Cancer Institute Thesaurus"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/oncology/nivolumab/"
}