Oncology and biomedicine terminology · MLC-0111

Oncology and biomedicine terms: N (519)

Page 1 of 2

• NA17-A antigenA specific melanoma antigen protein derived from a patient (NA17) with cutaneous melanoma metastases. When...
• NA17.A2 peptide vaccineA peptide cancer vaccine comprised of human leukocyte antigen HLA-A2-restricted peptide derived from a...
• NA-17/MAGE-3.A2/NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccineA peptide cancer vaccine consisting of peptides derived from the melanoma antigen NA-17, the human leukocyte...
• nabiloneA synthetic pill form of an active chemical in marijuana called delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Nabilone...
• nabiximolsAn herbal preparation containing a defined quantity of specific cannabinoids formulated for oromucosal spray...
• nab-paclitaxelA Cremophor EL-free, albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation of the natural taxane paclitaxel with...
• Nab-paclitaxel/danburstotug complex AP160A formulation composed of nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) paclitaxel, which is an albumin-stabilized...
• nab-paclitaxel/rituximab-coated nanoparticle AR160A formulation composed of nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) paclitaxel, which is an albumin-stabilized...
• N-acetylcysteineA drug usually used to reduce the thickness of mucus and ease its removal. It is also used to reverse the...
• N-acetylcysteine/simethicone solutionAn oral solution composed of N-acetylcysteine, a synthetic N-acetyl derivative of the endogenous amino acid...
• N-acetyldinalineA substance that is being studied as an anticancer drug in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Also...
• N-acetyl-L-cysteineA drug usually used to reduce the thickness of mucus and ease its removal. It is also used to reverse the...
• NaClChemical abbreviation for sodium chloride (table salt).
• NADCA type of cancer that is more likely to occur in people who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus...
• nadofaragene firadenovecA drug used to treat adults with a certain type of high-risk bladder cancer that has not invaded the muscle...
• nadofaragene firadenovec-vncgA replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus encoding human interferon alpha-2b with potential...
• nadololA non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic activities. Nadolol...
• nadroparin calciumA low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) composed of a heterogeneous mixture of sulfated polysaccharide...
• NAE inhibitorA substance that blocks an enzyme called NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE). NAE is involved in important cell...
• NAFLDA common condition in which fat builds up in the liver of people who drink little or no alcohol. There are...
• nafoxidine hydrochlorideThe hydrochloride salt of the partial estrogen antagonist nafoxidine. Nafoxidine competes with endogenous...
• nail dystrophyAbnormal changes in the shape, color, texture, and growth of the fingernails or toenails. Nail dystrophy is...
• nalbuphineA synthetic mixed opioid agonist-antagonist with analgesic properties. Although its exact mechanism has not...
• naloxegolA pegylated form of naloxone, a peripherally-acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist, that can be used to reduce...
• naloxoneA substance that is being studied as a treatment for constipation caused by narcotic medications. It belongs...
• naloxone hydrochlorideThe hydrochloride salt of naloxone, a thebaine derivate with opioid antagonist activity. Naloxone binds to...
• naltrexone hydrochlorideA drug that blocks the action of opiates (drugs used to treat pain). It may be used in the treatment of...
• naltrexone hydrochloride/bupropion hydrochlorideA fixed combination of naltrexone hydrochloride, an opioid antagonist, and bupropion hydrochloride, an...
• NamendaA drug used to treat dementia caused by Alzheimer disease. It is also being studied in the treatment of side...
• namodenosonAn orally bioavailable, synthetic, highly selective adenosine A3 receptor (A3AR) agonist with potential...
• NAMPT inhibitor OT-82An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-synthesizing...
• nanatinostatAn orally bioavailable, second-generation hydroxamic acid-based inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), with...
• nandrolone decanoateThe decanoate salt form of nandrolone, an anabolic steroid analog of testosterone with androgenic, anabolic...
• nanocell-encapsulated miR-16-based microRNA mimicA nanoparticle-based formulation composed of a microRNA 16 (miR-16) mimic, a double-stranded, 23 base pair...
• nanocurcuminAn orally bioavailable nanoparticle-based formulation containing curcumin, a poorly water-soluble...
• nanogramA measure of weight. One nanogram weighs a billion times less than one gram, and almost a trillion-times less...
• nanometerA measure of length in the metric system. A nanometer is one billionth of a meter. An average human hair is...
• nanomoleThe amount of a substance equal to a billionth of a mole (a measure of the amount of a substance). Also...
• nanoparticleA particle of that is smaller than 100 nanometers (one-billionth of a meter). In medicine, nanoparticles can...
• nanoparticle albumin-bound docetaxelA nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation of the taxane docetaxel with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel is a...
• nanoparticle albumin-bound thiocolchicine dimer nab-5404A nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation of a thiocolchicine dimer, an inhibitor of both microtubule and...
• nanoparticle encapsulated AChR epitopes CNP-106A nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of an antigenic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) peptide pool...
• nanoparticle formulation CPI-300A nanoparticle-based formulation composed of a nanoscale coordination polymer (NCP) complex containing two as...
• nanoparticle paclitaxelA form of the anticancer drug paclitaxel that is used alone or with other drugs to treat certain types of...
• nanoparticle paclitaxel ointment SOR007A topical ointment composed of the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel that has been processed to form uncoated...
• nanoparticle SN-38-encapsulated micelle formulation IT-141A nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of polymeric micelles, composed of triblock copolymers, loaded...
• nanoparticle SN-38-encapsulated micelle formulation SNB-101A nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of double core-shell (DUCS) micelles containing...
• nanoparticle-based manganese-containing contrast agent SN132DA contrast agent formulation composed of a polymeric core containing the paramagnetic contrast agent...
• nanoparticle-encapsulated doxorubicin hydrochlorideA formulation of nanoparticles encapsulating the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracycline antibiotic...
• nanoparticles encapsulating TLR7 agonist 1v270 MBS8A micelle nanoparticle formulation composed of the Toll-Like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist phospholipid conjugate...
• nanoplexed poly I:C BO-112A synthetic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) nanoplexed with the...
• nanoprobeA device that uses x-rays instead of visible light to form images of very small structures, such as the...
• nanoscale coordination polymer nanoparticles CPI-100A preparation of self-assembled core-shell nanoscale coordination polymer (NCP) nanoparticles containing an...
• nanosomal docetaxel lipid suspensionA lipid-based nanosomal formulation of the poorly soluble, semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane...
• nanotechnologyThe field of research that deals with the engineering and creation of things from materials that are less...
• nanrilkefusp alfaA human fusion protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 and the high-affinity binding sushi+...
• napabucasinAn orally available cancer cell stemness inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Even though the...
• naphthalimide analogue UNBS5162An amonafide (naphthalimide) derivative and pan-antagonist of chemokine ligand (CXCL) expression, with...
• naporafenibAn orally available inhibitor of all members of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, with...
• NaprosynA drug used to treat mild pain and the symptoms of arthritis and several other conditions. It is also being...
• naproxenA drug used to treat mild pain and the symptoms of arthritis and several other conditions. It is also being...
• naptumomab estafenatoxA recombinant fusion protein consisting of the antigen-binding fragment of a monoclonal antibody directed...
• naratuximab emtansineAn immunoconjugate that consists of a humanized IgG1 antibody K7153A against the cell-surface antigen CD37...
• narazaciclibAn orally bioavailable inhibitor of NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 1 (AMPK-related protein kinase 5; ARK5), and...
• narcoticA substance used to treat moderate to severe pain. Narcotics are like opiates such as morphine and codeine...
• narlumosbartA recombinant, human, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor activator of...
• narnatumabA monoclonal antibody against RON (recepteur d'origine nantais; macrophage stimulating 1 receptor), with...
• NaropinA drug used to control pain and to cause a temporary loss of feeling in one part of the body, during and...
• nasalBy or having to do with the nose.
• nasal cavityThe space inside the nose. The nasal cavity lies above the bone that forms the roof of the mouth and curves...
• nasal vestibuleThe area just inside the nostril (nose opening) that leads into the nasal cavity. The nasal vestibule is...
• NASHA type of liver disease in which fat builds up in the liver of people who drink little or no alcohol. This...
• nasogastricDescribes the passage from the nose to the stomach. For example, a nasogastric tube is inserted through the...
• nasogastric tubeA tube that is inserted through the nose, down the throat and esophagus, and into the stomach. It can be used...
• NasonexA drug that is used in a cream to treat certain skin conditions and in a nasal spray to treat sinus problems...
• nasopharyngeal cancerCancer that forms in tissues of the nasopharynx (upper part of the throat behind the nose). Most...
• nasopharynxThe upper part of the throat behind the nose. An opening on each side of the nasopharynx leads into the ear.
• nasoscopeA thin tube-like instrument used to examine the inside of the nose. A nasoscope has a light and a lens for...
• nasoscopyExamination of the inside of the nose using a nasoscope (or rhinoscope). A nasoscope is a thin, tube-like...
• natalizumabA humanized recombinant IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against the alpha4 subunit of the integrins...
• nateglinideA phenylalanine derivative of the meglitinide class of agents with hypoglycemic activity. Nateglinide...
• National Cancer InstituteThe National Cancer Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health of the United States Department of...
• National Center for Complementary and Integrative HealthA federal agency that uses science to explore complementary and integrative health (CIH) practices, trains...
• National Clinical Trials NetworkA National Cancer Institute (NCI) program that gives funds and other support to cancer research organizations...
• National Institutes of HealthA federal agency in the U.S. that conducts biomedical research in its own laboratories; supports the research...
• National Lung Screening TrialA lung cancer screening trial sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). In the trial, low-dose spiral...
• natural history studyA study that follows a group of people over time who have, or are at risk of developing, a specific medical...
• natural human interferon alpha OPC-18A proprietary preparation of natural human interferon alpha (IFN alpha) with potential immunomodulatory and...
• natural killer cellA type of immune cell that has granules (small particles) with enzymes that can kill tumor cells or cells...
• natural killer cells ZRx101A population of activated, immortalized, interleukin-2 (IL-2)-dependent, cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells...
• natural killer T cellA type of immune cell that plays an important role in the body’s first immune response to invading...
• natural killer-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemiaA type of leukemia in which large natural killer (NK) cells (a type of white blood cell) that contain...
• naturopathyA system of disease prevention and treatment that avoids drugs and surgery. Naturopathy is based on the use...
• nauseaA feeling of sickness or discomfort in the stomach that may come with an urge to vomit. Nausea is a side...
• navarixinAn orally available small molecule antagonist of the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1; interleukin-8...
• navicixizumabA bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against both the Notch ligand delta-like 4 (DLL4) and the human...
• navitoclaxA substance being studied in the treatment of lymphomas and other types of cancer. It blocks some of the...
• navoximodAn orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and...
• navy bean powderThe powder form of the cooked navy bean with potential antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Navy beans...
• naxitamabA drug used with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to treat children aged 1 year and...
• naxitamab-gqgkA humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human tumor-associated antigen GD2, with potential...
• NB1011A substance that is being studied for its ability to make cancer cells respond to drugs to which they have...
• NBCCSA rare, inherited disorder that affects many organs and tissues in the body. People with this disorder have a...
• N-benzoyl-staurosporineA drug used alone or with other anticancer drugs to treat adults with certain types of acute myeloid...
• NBI-3001A substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is made by combining interleukin-4 with a bacterial...
• N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamineA substance that is used in cancer research to cause bladder tumors in laboratory animals. This is done to...
• NCCIHA federal agency that uses science to explore complementary and integrative health (CIH) practices, trains...
• NCINCI, part of the National Institutes of Health of the United States Department of Health and Human Services...
• NCI clinical trials cooperative groupA group of researchers, cancer centers, and community doctors who are involved in studies that test new ways...
• ncmtRNA oligonucleotide Andes-1537A proprietary antisense oligonucleotide targeting a novel non-coding mitochondrial RNA (ncmtRNA), with...
• NCTNA National Cancer Institute (NCI) program that gives funds and other support to cancer research organizations...
• NCX 4016A substance being studied in the prevention of colorectal cancer. It is a form of aspirin that gives off...
• NDGAA drug put on the skin to treat growths caused by sun exposure. A form of NDGA that is taken by mouth is...
• N-dihydrogalactochitosanA carbohyrate polymer in which galactose molecules are attached to the amino groups of the glucosamine...
• NDVNewcastle disease virus. A bird virus that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may be used to...
• near infrared imaging agent IS-001A near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging agent and cyanine dye targeting urine proteins, that can...
• near-infrared imaging agent HS-196An imaging agent containing a human heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor connected by a linker to a near...
• nebivololA beta-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist with antihypertensive and vasodilatory activity. Nebivolol binds to...
• nebratamigAn anti-ROR1/anti-CD3/anti-PD-L1/anti-4-1BB tetra-specific antibody, with potential immunostimulatory and...
• nebulizerA device used to turn liquid into a fine spray.
• necitumumabA drug used with gemcitabine and cisplatin to treat squamous non-small cell lung cancer that has spread to...
• neck dissectionSurgery to remove lymph nodes and other tissues in the neck.
• necrosisRefers to the death of living tissues.
• Nectin-4-directed TLR8 agonist SBT6290An immunotherapeutic composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface adhesion molecule...
• necuparanibA low molecular weight heparin derivative and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) mimetic with no or minimal...
• nedaplatinA second-generation cisplatin analogue with antineoplastic activity. Containing a novel ring structure in...
• NEDD8 activating enzyme E1 inhibitor TAS4464An inhibitor of NEDD8 (neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 8) activating enzyme...
• NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitorA substance that blocks an enzyme called NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE). NAE is involved in important cell...
• needle biopsyThe removal of tissue or fluid with a needle for examination under a microscope. When a wide needle is used...
• needle localizationA procedure used to mark a small area of abnormal tissue so it can be removed by surgery. An imaging device...
• needle-localized biopsyA procedure to mark and remove abnormal tissue when the doctor cannot feel a lump. An imaging device is used...
• needle/wire localizationA procedure used to mark a small area of abnormal tissue so it can be removed by surgery. An imaging device...
• needlingIn acupuncture, the insertion of a thin needle into a specific place on the body to unlock qi (vital energy)...
• neem mouthrinseA mouthrinse containing an extract from the Azadirachta indica (A. indica) leaf in addition to other...
• nefazodoneA drug used to treat depression. It belongs to the family of drugs called antidepressant agents. Also called...
• nefopam hydrochlorideThe hydrochloride salt form of nefopam, a centrally-acting, non-opioid benzoxazocine with analgesic activity...
• negative axillary lymph nodeA lymph node in the armpit that is free of cancer.
• negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancyA Pap test finding that means no cancer cells or other abnormal cells have been found on the surface of or in...
• negative Pap test resultA Pap test finding that means no cancer cells or other abnormal cells have been found on the surface of or in...
• negative predictive valueThe likelihood that a person who has a negative test result indeed does not have the disease, condition...
• negative test resultA test result that shows the substance or condition the test is supposed to find is not present at all or is...
• neihulizumabA humanized, agonistic monoclonal antibody against P selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1; SELPLG; CD162)...
• nelarabineA drug used to treat adults and children aged 1 year and older with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and...
• nelfinavir mesylateA drug that interferes with the ability of a virus to make copies of itself.
• nelipepimut-S plus GM-CSF vaccineA cancer peptide vaccine comprised of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A2/A3 restricted HER2/neu (ERBB2)...
• nelistotugA monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor CD96...
• nemtabrutinibAn orally available reversible inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine...
• nemvaleukin alfaA selective effector cell activator protein and agonist of the intermediate-affinity interleukin-2 (IL-2)...
• nendratareotide uzatansineA miniaturized drug conjugate composed of a peptide analog of somatostatin that targets the somatostatin...
• neoadjuvant therapyTreatment given as a first step to shrink a tumor before the main treatment, which is usually surgery, is...
• neoantigenA new protein that forms on cancer cells when certain mutations occur in tumor DNA. Neoantigens may play an...
• neoantigen DNA-based pancreatic cancer vaccineA personalized, polyepitope DNA vaccine composed of a DNA plasmid encoding multiple, highly immunogenic tumor...
• neoantigen heat shock protein vaccine rHSC-DIPGVaxAn off-the-shelf (OTS) peptide-based cancer vaccine consisting of sixteen heat shock protein (Hsp)...
• neoantigen mRNA personalised cancer vaccine SW1115C3A personalized cancer vaccine (PCV) consisting of mRNA encoding a patient’s tumor-specific neoantigens, with...
• neoantigen peptide vaccineA peptide-based cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific antigens, which are immunogenic and unique to...
• neoantigen srRNA vaccine JCXH-212A cancer vaccine consisting of self-replicating RNA (srRNA) encoding a patient's tumor-specific neoantigens...
• neoantigen vaccine GEN-009A peptide-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific mutated synthetic long peptides...
• neoantigen-based glioblastoma vaccineA peptide-based, personalized glioblastoma cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific glioblastoma-derived...
• neoantigen-based melanoma-poly-ICLC vaccineA peptide-based melanoma cancer vaccine consisting of neoantigens and peptides derived from patient-specific...
• neoantigen-based renal cell carcinoma-poly-ICLC vaccineA peptide-based renal cell carcinoma (RCC) vaccine consisting of neoantigens and peptides derived from...
• neoantigen-based therapeutic cancer vaccine GRT-C903A cancer priming vaccine consisting of tumor-specific shared neoantigens, which are immunogenic and unique...
• neoantigen-based therapeutic cancer vaccine GRT-R904A cancer boosting vaccine consisting of tumor-specific shared neoantigens, which are immunogenic and unique...
• neoantigen-encoding personalized virus-2A personalized cancer vaccine comprised of a not yet disclosed oncolytic virus encoding tumor-specific...
• neoantigen-HSP70 peptide cancer vaccine AGEN2017A proprietary, personalized autologous synthetic cancer vaccine composed of patient-specific synthetic cancer...
• neoantigen-loaded autologous dendritic cell vaccineA personalized, peptide-based therapeutic dendritic cell (DC) vaccine consisting of autologous DCs loaded...
• neo-multiple TAA-loaded dendritic cell vaccineAn autologous dendritic cell (DC) vaccine composed of DCs loaded with multiple distinct neoantigens, with...
• neomycinA broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Streptomyces fradiae with antibacterial activity...
• neoplasiaAbnormal and uncontrolled cell growth.
• neoplasmAn abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells grow and divide more than they should or do not die when...
• neoplastic meningitisA serious condition in which cancer cells spread from the original (primary) tumor to the meninges (the thin...
• neostigmineA parasympathomimetic agent that acts as a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.
• nephrectomySurgery to remove a kidney or part of a kidney. In a partial nephrectomy, part of one kidney or a tumor is...
• nephritisA condition in which the tissues in the kidney become inflamed and have problems filtering waste from the...
• nephrologistA doctor who has special training in diagnosing and treating kidney disease.
• nephrostomySurgery to make an opening from the outside of the body to the renal pelvis (part of the kidney that collects...
• nephrotic syndromeA combination of symptoms caused by damage to the tiny blood vessels in the kidney that filter waste and...
• nephrotomogramA series of x-rays of the kidneys. The x-rays are taken from different angles and show the kidneys clearly...
• nephrotoxicPoisonous or damaging to the kidney.
• nephroureterectomySurgery to remove a kidney and its ureter. Also called ureteronephrectomy.
• neratinib maleateA drug used alone or with capecitabine to treat adults with certain types of HER2-positive breast cancer that...
• NerlynxA drug used alone or with capecitabine to treat adults with certain types of HER2-positive breast cancer that...
• nerveA bundle of fibers that receives and sends messages between the body and the brain. The messages are sent by...
• nerve blockA procedure in which medicine is injected directly into or around a nerve or into the spine to block pain.
• nerve cellA type of cell that receives and sends messages from the body to the brain and back to the body. The messages...
• nerve graftingReplacing a damaged nerve with a section of a healthy nerve that has been removed from another part of the...
• nerve growth factorA protein made by the body that causes certain nerve cells to grow and helps keep them alive.
• nerve sheathThe tissue that covers and protects the nerves that are outside the brain and spinal cord. The nerve sheath...
• nerve-sparing surgeryA type of surgery that attempts to save the nerves near the tissues being removed.
• nervous systemThe organized network of nerve tissue in the body. It includes the central nervous system (the brain and...
• NESA procedure in which small electric impulses are used to stimulate muscles that are weak or paralyzed. It...
• nesfrotamigA humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA)...
• nesiritideA recombinant version of the cardiac neurohormone, human B-type natriuretic peptide (hBNP) produced by the...
• nesuparibAn orally bioavailable second-generation inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)...
• nesvacumabA fully human monoclonal antibody directed against angiopoietin 2 (ANG2) with potential antiangiogenic and...
• netazepideAn orally active, benzodiazepine type, selective cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR; CCK2R; gastrin receptor)...
• netupitantA selective neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor antagonist with potential antiemetic activity. Netupitant...
• netupitant and palonosetron hydrochlorideA combination of two drugs used with dexamethasone in adults to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by...
• netupitant/palonosetron hydrochlorideAn orally available combination formulation containing netupitant, a selective neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor...
• NeulastaA drug that is a form of filgrastim and is used to prevent infection in adults and children with neutropenia...
• NeumegaA drug used to increase the number of blood cells, especially platelets, in some cancer patients receiving...
• NeupogenA drug that contains the active ingredient filgrastim and is used to treat neutropenia (a lower-than-normal...
• neuralHaving to do with nerves or the nervous system, including the brain and the spinal cord.
• neural stem cells-expressing CRAd-S-pk7Neural stem cells (NSCs) that are transfected with the gliomatropic oncolytic adenovirus (OV) CRAd-S-pk7, a...
• neurobehavioralHaving to do with the way the brain affects emotion, behavior, and learning. Some cancers or their treatment...
• neuroblastomaA type of cancer that forms from immature nerve cells. It usually begins in the adrenal glands but may also...
• neurocognitiveHaving to do with the ability to think and reason. This includes the ability to concentrate, remember things...
• neurodegenerative disorderA type of disease in which cells of the central nervous system stop working or die. Neurodegenerative...
• neuroectodermal tumorA tumor of the central or peripheral nervous system.
• neuroendocrineHaving to do with the interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine system. Neuroendocrine...
• neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skinA rare type of cancer that forms on or just beneath the skin, usually in parts of the body that have been...
• neuroendocrine tumorA tumor that forms from cells that release hormones into the blood in response to a signal from the nervous...
• neuroepithelialHaving to do with tissue made up of sensory cells, such as tissue found in the ear, nose, and tongue.
• neurofeedbackA treatment being studied to improve brain function in certain brain disorders and in patients treated with...
• neurofibromaA benign tumor that develops from the cells and tissues that cover nerves.
• neurofibromatosis type 1A rare genetic condition that causes brown spots and tumors on the skin, freckling in skin areas not exposed...
• neurofibromatosis type 1-like syndromeA rare genetic condition marked by flat brown spots on the skin. The number of brown spots on the skin tends...
• neurofibromatosis type 2A genetic condition in which tumors form on the nerves of the inner ear and cause loss of hearing and...
• neurogliaAny of the cells that hold nerve cells in place and help them work the way they should. The types of...
• neuroinflammatory inhibitor MW151An orally bioavailable central nervous system (CNS)-penetrant and inhibitor of certain inflammatory...
• neuroleptic agentA type of drug used to treat symptoms of psychosis. These include hallucinations (sights, sounds, smells...
• neuroleptic malignant syndromeA life-threatening condition that may be caused by certain drugs used to treat mental illness, nausea, or...
• neurologicHaving to do with nerves or the nervous system.
• neurological examA series of questions and tests to check brain, spinal cord, and nerve function. The exam checks a person’s...
• neurologistA doctor who has special training in diagnosing and treating disorders of the nervous system.
• neuromaA tumor that arises in nerve cells.
• neuromuscular electrical stimulationA procedure in which small electric impulses are used to stimulate muscles that are weak or paralyzed. It...
• neuromyotoniaA rare nerve disorder that causes constant muscle activity that cannot be controlled, even during sleep. It...
• neuronA type of cell that receives and sends messages from the body to the brain and back to the body. The messages...
• neuronal tumorOne of a group of rare tumors that begin in nerve cells of the brain or spinal cord. There are many different...
• neuro-oncologistA doctor who has special training in diagnosing and treating brain tumors and other tumors of the nervous...
• neuropathologistA pathologist who has special training in diseases of the nervous system. A pathologist identifies disease by...
• neuropathyA nerve problem that causes pain, numbness, tingling, swelling, or muscle weakness in different parts of the...
• neuropeptideA member of a class of protein-like molecules made in the brain. Neuropeptides consist of short chains of...
• neuropsychologistA psychologist who diagnoses and treats behavioral and other problems related to the way the brain works...
• neuropsychologyThe study of how the brain and central nervous system are related to behavior.
• neuroradiologistA doctor trained in radiology who specializes in creating and interpreting pictures of the nervous system...
• neurosphereA small cluster of nerve stem cells that is grown in the laboratory. Neurospheres can be grown that are...
• neurosurgeonA doctor who has special training in surgery on the brain, spine, and other parts of the nervous system.
• neurotoxicityThe tendency of some treatments to cause damage to the nervous system.
• neurotoxinA substance that is poisonous to nerve tissue.
• neurotransmitterA chemical that is made by nerve cells and used to communicate with other cells, including other nerve cells...
• neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase gene fusionA mutation (change) that occurs when a piece of the chromosome containing a gene called NTRK breaks off and...
• neurotropismAn ability to invade and live in neural tissue. This term is usually used to describe the ability of viruses...
• neutropeniaA condition in which there is a lower-than-normal number of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) in the...
• neutrophilA type of white blood cell that is an important part of the immune system and helps the body fight infection...
• neutrophil activation probe imaging agentA fluorescence imaging agent composed of a fluorescent agent linked, via a human neutrophil elastase (HNE)...
• nevirapineA non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) with activity against human immunodeficiency virus...
• nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndromeA rare, inherited disorder that affects many organs and tissues in the body. People with this disorder have a...
• nevusA benign (not cancer) growth on the skin that is formed by a cluster of melanocytes (cells that make a...
• nevus of OtaA condition marked by brown, blue, or gray patches, usually on the inside of the eye and on the skin near or...
• new mutationA term used to describe a change in the DNA sequence of a gene that is seen for the first time in a person...
• new variantA term used to describe a change in the DNA sequence of a gene that is seen for the first time in a person...
• Newcastle disease virusA bird virus that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It may be used to kill cancer cells directly...
• NexavarA drug used to treat certain types of hepatocellular carcinoma (a type of liver cancer), renal cell carcinoma...
• NexiumA drug that blocks acid from being made in the stomach. It is used to treat acid reflux disease and to...
• next-generation sequencingA term that describes methods used in the lab to learn the order of building blocks (called nucleotides) for...
• nezastomigA bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane...
• nezutatugA humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor...
• NF1A rare genetic condition that causes brown spots and tumors on the skin, freckling in skin areas not exposed...
• NF2A genetic condition in which tumors form on the nerves of the inner ear and cause loss of hearing and...
• NFE2L2A protein that controls how certain genes are expressed. These genes help protect the cell from damage caused...
• NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 mutant-targeting agent MGY825An antineoplastic agent targeting mutant forms of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 protein...
• NF-kappa BA group of proteins that help control many functions in a cell, including cell growth and survival. These...
• NF-kBA group of proteins that help control many functions in a cell, including cell growth and survival. These...
• NG tubeA tube that is inserted through the nose, down the throat and esophagus, and into the stomach. It can be used...
• NGFR-transduced autologous T lymphocytesA preparation of autologous, genetically modified T lymphocytes that are expressing the tumor-associated...
• NG-monomethyl-L-arginineAn amino acid derivative used to counteract high blood pressure caused by interleukin-2.
• NG-nitro-L-arginineA form of the amino acid arginine. An amino acid is a protein building block. NG-nitro-L-arginine is being...
• NGR-TNFA substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is made by linking tumor necrosis factor (TNF) to a...
• NGSA term that describes methods used in the lab to learn the order of building blocks (called nucleotides) for...
• NHLAny of a large group of cancers of lymphocytes (white blood cells). NHLs can occur at any age and are often...
• NHP2 geneA gene that makes a protein involved in protecting telomeres (the ends of chromosomes), which help keep...
• NHS-POx-based hemostatic sealant patchA sterile resorbable hemostatic sealing patch composed of porcine gelatin fiber-based carrier loaded with...
• niacinA nutrient in the vitamin B complex that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Niacin...
• niacinamideA form of niacin (vitamin B3) that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Niacinamide...
• nicardipineA synthetic derivative of nitrophenyl-pyridine and potent calcium channel blocker, nicardipine (Nifedipine...
• niclosamideAn orally bioavailable chlorinated salicylanilide, with anthelmintic and potential antineoplastic activity...
• nicorandilA niacinamide derivative, a plasma membrane adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium (K+) (KATP)...
• nicotinamideA form of niacin (vitamin B3) that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Nicotinamide...
• nicotinamide ribosideAn orally available form of vitamin B3 and precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) with...
• nicotineAn addictive, poisonous chemical found in tobacco. It can also be made in the laboratory. When it enters the...
• nicotine gumA chewing gum that contains a small dose of nicotine, which enters the blood by being absorbed through the...
• nicotine inhalerA device used to inhale (breathe in) small doses of nicotine through the mouth. The nicotine is absorbed...
• nicotine lozengeA hard candy-like tablet that contains a small dose of nicotine. The nicotine is absorbed through the lining...
• nicotine nasal sprayA nose spray that contains a small dose of nicotine, which enters the blood by being absorbed through the...
• nicotine patchA patch that sticks on the skin and contains a small dose of nicotine, which enters the blood by being...
• nicotine replacement therapyA type of treatment that uses special products to give small, steady doses of nicotine to help stop cravings...
• nicotine vaccineA substance being studied to see if it can help people quit smoking or keep them from starting again. It may...
• nicotinic acidA nutrient in the vitamin B complex that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy...
• nidanilimabA low fucose, fully-humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody (hmAb) against the interleukin 1...
• nifurtimoxA nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and potential antineoplastic activities. Nifurtimox is reduced by...
• night sweatsEpisodes of excessive sweating that occur during sleep. Night sweats can be severe and soak a person’s...
• NIHA federal agency in the U.S. that conducts biomedical research in its own laboratories; supports the research...
• Nijmegen breakage syndromeA rare inherited disorder marked by a small head, height that is shorter than normal, unusual facial...
• NilandronA drug used to treat prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. It is used in patients who...
• NILMA Pap test finding that means no cancer cells or other abnormal cells have been found on the surface of or in...
• nilotinibA drug used to treat certain types of chronic myelogenous leukemia that are Philadelphia chromosome positive...
• nilotinib hydrochloride monohydrateThe monohydrate monohydrochloride form of nilotinib, an orally bioavailable aminopyrimidine-derivative...
• nilutamideA drug used to treat prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. It is used in patients who...
• nimesulide-hyaluronic acid conjugate CA102NA covalently bound conjugate composed of the biological polymer sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) and the...
• nimodipineBelongs to a family of drugs called calcium channel blockers. It is being investigated for use with...
• nimotuzumabA substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Nimotuzumab binds to a protein called...
• nimustineA substance that has been studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Nimustine damages the cell's DNA...
• ningetinib tosylateThe tosylate salt form of ningetinib, an orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases...
• NinlaroA drug used with lenalidomide and dexamethasone to treat multiple myeloma. It is used in patients who...
• nintedanibAn orally bioavailable, indolinone-derived inhibitor of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and...
• NipentThe active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat hairy cell leukemia and is being studied in the...
• nipocalimabA fully human monoclonal antibody that targets the neonatal crystallizable fragment receptor (FcRn), with...
• nippleIn anatomy, the small raised area in the center of the breast through which milk can flow to the outside.
• nipple dischargeFluid that is not milk coming from the nipple.
• NIR fluorochrome VM110A synthetic near infrared fluorescent (NIRF) imaging agent that can potentially be used to detect the...
• niraparib tosylate monohydrateA drug used to treat adults with certain types of ovarian epithelial, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal...
• niraparib tosylate monohydrate and abiraterone acetateA combination of two drugs used with prednisone to treat adults with prostate cancer that has spread to other...
• nirogacestat hydrobromideA drug used to treat adults with desmoid tumors (a type of soft tissue tumor) that have gotten worse and need...
• nirsevimabA Fc-engineered recombinant human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 kappa monoclonal antibody against the fusion protein...
• nisevokitugA monoclonal antibody directed against human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), with potential...
• nitazoxanideA synthetic benzamide with antiprotozoal activity. Nitazoxanide exerts its antiprotozoal activity by...
• nitric acidA toxic, corrosive, colorless liquid used to make fertilizers, dyes, explosives, and other chemicals.
• nitric oxide-releasing acetylsalicylic acid derivativeA substance being studied in the prevention of colorectal cancer. It is a form of aspirin that gives off...
• nitroarginineA form of the amino acid arginine. An amino acid is a protein building block. Nitroarginine is being studied...
• nitrocamptothecinAn alkaloid drug belonging to a class of anticancer agents called topoisomerase inhibitors.
• nitroglycerinIn medicine, a substance used as a drug to treat certain heart conditions and to widen the openings in blood...
• nitroglycerin transdermal patchA sustained-release transdermal patch containing the organic nitrate nitroglycerin, with vasodilator and...
• nitroglycerin/sodium citrate/ethanol solutionAn antimicrobial lock solution (ALS) containing the nitrate nitroglycerin, sodium citrate and ethanol, with...
• nitrosamineA type of chemical found in tobacco products and tobacco smoke. Nitrosamines are also found in many foods...
• nitrosoureaAn anticancer drug that can cross the blood-brain barrier. Carmustine and lomustine are nitrosoureas.
• nitroxolineAn orally bioavailable quinoline antibiotic, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral...
• Niu XiA Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) composed of the dried root from the herbaceous plant Ox-Knee (Achyranthes...
• nivatrotamabA bispecific antibody comprised of a humanized anti-CD3 OKT3 (huOKT3) single chain variable fragment (scFv)...
• NivestymA drug that contains the active ingredient filgrastim and is used to treat neutropenia (a lower-than-normal...
• nivolumabA drug that binds to the protein PD-1 to help immune cells kill cancer cells better and is used to treat many...
• nivolumab and hyaluronidaseA combination of two drugs used alone or with other drugs to treat adults with certain types of colorectal...
• nivolumab and hyaluronidase-nvhyA co-formulation composed of nivolumab, a fully human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed...
• nivolumab and relatlimabA combination of two drugs used to treat adults and children aged 12 years or older with melanoma that has...
• nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbwAn injectable fixed-dose combination formulation composed of nivolumab, a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G4...
• NK cellA type of immune cell that has granules (small particles) with enzymes that can kill tumor cells or cells...
• NK-LGLA type of immune cell that has granules (small particles) with enzymes that can kill tumor cells or cells...
• NK-LGL leukemiaA type of leukemia in which large natural killer (NK) cells (a type of white blood cell) that contain...
• NK-LGLLA type of leukemia in which large natural killer (NK) cells (a type of white blood cell) that contain...
• NKp46/CD16-based BCMA-targeted NK cell engager SAR445514An engineered tri-specific natural killer (NK) cell engager (NKCE) containing specific antibodies targeting...
• NKp46/CD16-based CD123-targeted NK cell engager SAR443579An engineered tri-specific natural killer (NK) cell engager (NKCE) containing specific antibodies targeting...
• NKp46/CD16/CD20/IL-2-variant-specific NK cell engager IPH6501A tetra-specific natural killer (NK) cell engager composed of antibody fragments directed against the two NK...
• NKT cellA type of immune cell that plays an important role in the body’s first immune response to invading...
• NLPHLA rare type of Hodgkin lymphoma (a cancer of the immune system). It is marked by the presence of...
• NLRP3 agonist BMS-986299A nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3; NACHT, LRR...
• NLRP3 inhibitor DFV890An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the innate immune signaling sensor nucleotide-binding domain and...
• NLSTA lung cancer screening trial sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). In the trial, low-dose spiral...
• nMThe amount of a substance equal to a billionth of a mole (a measure of the amount of a substance). Also...
• NM-3An orally bioavailable antiangiogenic isocoumarin with potential antineoplastic activity. NM-3 inhibits...
• NMESA procedure in which small electric impulses are used to stimulate muscles that are weak or paralyzed. It...
• N-methylformamideA water-soluble organic solvent. As an adjuvant antineoplastic agent, N-methylformamide depletes cellular...
• NMP22A protein found inside the nucleus of a cell. It is involved in making DNA, RNA, and proteins. It also helps...
• NMRIA procedure that uses radio waves, a powerful magnet, and a computer to make a series of detailed pictures of...
• NMSA life-threatening condition that may be caused by certain drugs used to treat mental illness, nausea, or...
• NMT inhibitor PCLX-001An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the enzyme N-myristoyl transferase (NMT), with potential antineoplastic...
• no treatmentIn a clinical trial, a control group in which the participant receives no additional interventions.
• noceboA harmless substance or treatment that may cause harmful side effects or worsening of symptoms because the...
• nocebo effectA situation in which a patient develops side effects or symptoms that can occur with a drug or other therapy...
• node-negativeCancer that has not spread to the lymph nodes.
• node-positiveCancer that has spread to the lymph nodes.
• nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphomaA rare type of Hodgkin lymphoma (a cancer of the immune system). It is marked by the presence of...
• nodular parenchymaA small mass of tissue within a gland or organ that carries out the specialized functions of the gland or...
• noduleA growth or lump that may be malignant (cancer) or benign (not cancer).
• nofazinlimabA humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory...
• nogapendekin alfa inbakiceptA drug used with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) to treat adults with bladder cancer that has not invaded the...
• nogapendekin alfa inbakicept-pmlnA mutated form of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 (IL-15N72D), with potential immunomodulating and...
• nolatrexedA substance that is being studied in the treatment of liver cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called...
• nolatrexed dihydrochlorideThe dihydrochloride salt of nolatrexed, a water-soluble lipophilic quinazoline folate analog with...
• N-oleyl-phosphatidylethanolamine/epigallocatechin gallate supplementA dietary supplement composed of a phosphobioflavonic complex containing two naturally occurring dietary...
• nomacopanA recombinant small peptide inhibitor of the terminal complement pathway protein C5 originally derived from a...
• nomogramA mathematical device or model that shows relationships between things. For example, a nomogram of height and...
• non-adjuvanted A(H1N1) influenza vaccineA monovalent vaccine containing hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza A (H1N1)-like virus with potential...
• non-AIDS-defining cancerA type of cancer that is more likely to occur in people who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus...
• nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseA common condition in which fat builds up in the liver of people who drink little or no alcohol. There are...
• nonalcoholic steatohepatitisA type of liver disease in which fat builds up in the liver of people who drink little or no alcohol. This...
• non-atrophic gastritisA condition marked by inflammation of the inner lining of the stomach. It is usually caused by an infection...
• nonavalent vaccineA vaccine that works by stimulating an immune response against nine different antigens, such as nine...
• nonblindedA type of study in which both the health providers and the patients are aware of the drug or treatment being...
• non-cardia gastric cancerA type of stomach cancer that begins in the mucous-producing cells in the inner lining of the main part of...
• noncarrierIn genetics, a person who does not have a mutated (changed) disease-causing gene that has been previously...
• nonconsecutive case seriesA clinical study that includes some, but not all, of the eligible patients identified by the researchers...
• noncontiguous lymphomaLymphoma in which the lymph nodes containing cancer are not next to each other, but are on the same side of...
• non-endometrioid cancerA term used to describe certain types of cancer that form in the non-glandular tissues of the endometrium...
• non-enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugAny antiepileptic drug (AED) that does not induce the activity of enzymes.
• nonfunctioning tumorA tumor that is found in endocrine tissue but does not make extra hormones. Nonfunctioning tumors usually do...
• nongerminomaA type of tumor that begins in germ cells (cells that form sperm or eggs). Nongerminomas can occur in the...
• nonhematologic cancerCancer that does not begin in the blood or bone marrow.
• nonheritableIn medicine, describes a characteristic or trait that cannot be passed from a parent to a child through the...
• non-Hodgkin lymphomaAny of a large group of cancers of lymphocytes (white blood cells). Non-Hodgkin lymphomas can occur at any...
• noniMorinda citrifolia. A tropical shrub. An extract from the fruit is being studied as a treatment for cancer...
• noninferiority studyA research study that is designed to determine whether one intervention is not worse than another control...
• non-inferiority trialA study that tests whether a new treatment is not worse than an active treatment it is being compared to...
• noninvasiveIn medicine, it describes a procedure that does not require inserting an instrument through the skin or into...
• noninvasive papillary carcinomaA condition in which abnormal cells are found in the tissue lining the inside of the bladder, renal pelvis...
• non-ionizing radiationA type of low-energy radiation that does not have enough energy to remove an electron (negative particle)...
• nonlyticIn biology, refers to viruses that do not kill infected cells by disrupting their plasma membranes.
• nonmalignantNot cancer. Nonmalignant tumors may grow larger but do not spread to other parts of the body. Also called...
• nonmalignant hematologic disorderA disorder of the blood. Some nonmalignant hematologic disorders may lead to leukemia.
• nonmelanoma skin cancerCancer that forms in the tissues of the epidermis (the outer layer of the skin). The two main types of...
• nonmelanoma skin carcinoma in situ on the eyelidAbnormal cells are found in the epidermis, usually in the basal cell layer. These abnormal cells may become...
• nonmelanoma skin carcinoma in situ on the head and neck (not on the eyelid)Abnormal cells are found in the squamous cell or basal cell layer of the epidermis. These abnormal cells may...
• nonmelanomatousHaving to do with skin cancer that forms in the lower part of the epidermis (the outer layer of the skin) or...
• nonmetastaticCancer that has not spread from the primary site (place where it started) to other places in the body.
• non-myeloablative transplantA type of donor stem cell transplant in which a patient receives lower doses of chemotherapy and/or radiation...
• nonopioidA drug that is not an opioid. Examples include acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs...
• nonpenetranceA term that describes when a person has a disease-causing mutation (change) in a gene but never develops the...
• nonprescriptionRefers to a medicine that can be bought without a prescription (doctor's order). Examples include analgesics...
• nonrandomized clinical trialA clinical trial in which the participants are not assigned by chance to different treatment groups...
• non-rapid eye movement sleepThe phase of sleep that is considered the quiet or restful phase. During the three stages of non-rapid eye...
• non-REM sleepThe phase of sleep that is considered the quiet or restful phase. During the three stages of non-REM sleep, a...
• nonseminomaA type of cancer that begins in cells that form sperm or eggs. There are several types of nonseminoma tumors...
• nonsense mutationA change in the DNA sequence of a gene that signals the cell to stop making the protein before it is...
• nonsense variantA change in the DNA sequence of a gene that signals the cell to stop making the protein before it is...
• non-serous epithelial ovarian cancerA term that describes certain types of ovarian cancers that form in the tissue covering the ovary. The main...
• non-small cell lung cancerA group of lung cancers named for the kinds of cells found in the cancer and how the cells look under a...
• non-small cell lung cancer mRNA-derived vaccine CV9201A non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) vaccine containing modified mRNAs encoding cancer-testis antigen...
• nonspecific immune cellA cell (such as a phagocyte or a macrophage) that responds to many antigens, not just one antigen.
• nonspecific immune stimulationA type of cancer therapy that works by stimulating the immune system in a general way rather than by...
• nonspecific immunomodulating agentA substance that stimulates or suppresses the immune system in a general way. A nonspecific immunomodulating...
• nonstarchy vegetableA member of the family of vegetables that does not contain starch (sugar molecules joined chemically)...
• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugA drug that works in a different way than a steroid to reduce pain, redness, swelling, and fever in the body...
• nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitorA drug that decreases the production of sex hormones (estrogen or testosterone) and slows the growth of...
• nontoxicNot harmful or destructive.
• Noonan syndromeA genetic disorder marked by unusual facial features, being shorter than normal, learning problems, heart...
• Noonan syndrome with multiple lentiginesA rare genetic condition that affects many parts of the body, especially the skin, heart, inner ear, and...
• NOP10 geneA gene that makes a protein involved in making ribosomes (protein-making structures inside cells) and in...
• noradrenalineA chemical made by some nerve cells and in the adrenal gland. It can act as both a neurotransmitter (a...
• norcantharidin lipid microspheresA formulation composed of lipid microspheres encapsulating the demethylated derivative of cantharidin and...
• nordihydroguaiaretic acidA drug put on the skin to treat growths caused by sun exposure. A form of nordihydroguaiaretic acid that is...
• norepinephrineA chemical made by some nerve cells and in the adrenal gland. It can act as both a neurotransmitter (a...
• norepinephrine, DL-A synthetic phenylethylamine that mimics the sympathomimetic actions of the endogenous norepinephrine...
• norethindrone acetateThe orally bioavailable acetate salt of norethindrone, a synthetic progestin with some anabolic, estrogenic...
• norgestrelA synthetic progestin commonly used alone or in combination with an estrogen for contraception. Norgestrel...
• normal Pap test resultA Pap test finding that means no cancer cells or other abnormal cells have been found on the surface of or in...
• normal rangeIn medicine, a set of values that a doctor uses to interpret a patient’s test results. The normal range for a...
• North American ginseng extract AFX-2An orally available proprietary aqueous extract from the North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) dried...
• nortriptylineA drug used to treat depression. It may also be used to treat panic or anxiety disorders and certain types of...
• NorvirA drug used to treat infection with HIV (the virus that causes AIDS). It is also being studied in the...
• NOS enhancer BZ371AA synthetic peptide and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enhancer, with potential vasodilating and...
• noscapine hydrochlorideThe orally bioavailable hydrochloride salt of the opioid agonist noscapine, a phthalideisoquinoline alkaloid...
• notary publicA person who has a license that gives them the legal power to witness the signing of documents, to certify...
• Notch signaling pathway inhibitor MK0752A synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. MK0752 inhibits the Notch signaling...
• novel mutationA newly discovered, distinct genetic alteration; NOT the same as new or de novo variant (or mutation). Also...
• novel variantA newly discovered, distinct genetic alteration; NOT the same as new or de novo variant (or mutation). Also...
• novobiocinAn antibiotic drug used to treat infection.
• NPA registered nurse who has additional education and training in how to diagnose and treat disease. NPs are...
• NplateA drug used to treat thrombocytopenia (a low blood platelet count) in adults and in certain children with...
• NPOA Latin abbreviation for “nothing by mouth.”
• NPVThe likelihood that a person who has a negative test result indeed does not have the disease, condition...
• NREM sleepThe phase of sleep that is considered the quiet or restful phase. During the three stages of NREM sleep, a...
• Nrf2A protein that controls how certain genes are expressed. These genes help protect the cell from damage caused...
• NR-LU-10 antigenA protein found on the surface of some cancers.
• NSAIDA drug that works in a different way than a steroid to reduce pain, redness, swelling, and fever in the body...
• NSC 655649A substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called...
• NSCLC antigen-loaded dendritic cell-derived exosomesExosomes loaded with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-specific antigens, with potential immunostimulating...
• NSCLC-specific marrow-infiltrating lymphocytesA preparation of autologous, ex-vivo activated and expanded, bone marrow-derived infiltrating lymphocytes...
• NTHL1 geneA gene that makes a protein involved in the repair of DNA damage. Mutations (changes) in the NTHL1 gene may...
• NTRK gene fusionA mutation (change) that occurs when a piece of the chromosome containing a gene called NTRK breaks off and...
• NTX-010A virus being studied in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors and other types of cancer. Neuroendocrine...
• NubeqaA drug used alone or with docetaxel to treat adults with certain types of prostate cancer. Nubeqa is used in...
• nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2A protein that controls how certain genes are expressed. These genes help protect the cell from damage caused...
• nuclear factor-kappa BA group of proteins that help control many functions in a cell, including cell growth and survival. These...
• nuclear gradeAn evaluation of the size and shape of the nucleus in tumor cells and the percentage of tumor cells that are...
• nuclear magnetic resonance imagingA procedure that uses radio waves, a powerful magnet, and a computer to make a series of detailed pictures of...
• nuclear matrix protein 22A protein found inside the nucleus of a cell. It is involved in making DNA, RNA, and proteins. It also helps...
• nuclear medicineA branch of medicine that uses small amounts of radioactive substances to make pictures of areas inside the...
• nuclear medicine scanA method that uses radioactive substances to make pictures of areas inside the body. The radioactive...
• nucleolusAn area inside the nucleus of a cell that is made up of RNA and proteins and is where ribosomes are made...
• nucleoside analog DFP-10917A deoxycytosine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DFP-10917 is...
• nucleotideA building block for nucleic acids (the molecules inside cells that carry genetic information). Nucleotides...
• nucleotide analogue GS 9219A prodrug of the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogue 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)guanine (PMEG) with...
• nucleusIn biology, the structure in a cell that contains the chromosomes. The nucleus has a membrane around it, and...
• NucyntaA drug used to treat moderate to severe pain. It binds to opioid receptors and other molecules in the central...
• null alleleA DNA sequence variation that results in no gene product. The gene product (RNA or protein) of a null allele...
• numidargistatAn orally available inhibitor of arginase, a manganese-dependent enzyme that hydrolyzes the amino acid...
• nurseA health professional trained to care for people who are ill or disabled.
• nurse case managerA registered nurse who has special training in how to plan, manage, and evaluate all aspects of patient care...
• nurse practitionerA registered nurse who has additional education and training in how to diagnose and treat disease. Nurse...
• nursingThe act of feeding breast milk to an infant. Babies can be fed directly from the mother’s breast, or breast...
• nursing homeA place that gives care to people who have physical or mental disabilities and need help with activities of...
• nurulimabA monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated...
• NUT carcinomaA rare type of cancer that forms in the respiratory tract and other places along the middle of the body, from...
• NUT geneA gene that causes a rare type of cancer called NUT midline carcinoma, when it is mutated (changed). The...
• nutraceuticalA food or dietary supplement that is believed to provide health benefits.
• nutraceutical TBL-12An orally available nutritional supplement and proprietary formulation containing extracts from the sea...
• nutrientA chemical compound (such as protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin, or mineral) contained in foods. These...
• nutrient-dense foodFood that is high in nutrients but relatively low in calories. Nutrient-dense foods contain vitamins...
• nutrient-rich whole wheat flour supplementA nutritional supplement composed of nutrient-rich whole wheat flour-based bread mix, with potential...
• nutrigenomicsThe study of how food affects a person’s genes and how a person’s genes affect the way the body responds to...
• nutritionThe taking in and use of food and other nourishing material by the body. Nutrition is a 3-part process...
• nutrition therapyA nutrition-based treatment plan to help manage or treat certain health conditions. These include diabetes...
• nutritional counselingA process by which a health professional with special training in nutrition helps people make healthy food...
• nutritional statusThe state of a person’s health in terms of the nutrients in his or her diet.
• nutritional supplementA product that is added to the diet. A nutritional supplement is taken by mouth and usually contains one or...
• nutritional supplement drinkA calorie-dense nutritional supplement drink containing a variety of vitamins and minerals. Nutritional...
• nutritional supplement drink (pediatric)A liquid, milk protein-based, pediatric nutritional supplement containing a variety of vitamins and minerals...
• nutritionistA person who gives advice about healthy eating and lifestyle choices. Training and qualifications for...
• nutritious semisolid food gelA proprietary, flavored, semisolid food gel-based nutritional supplement containing a variety of vitamins...
• nutritious semisolid food gel with phenethyl isothiocyanateA proprietary, flavored, semisolid food gel-based nutritional supplement containing a variety of vitamins...
• NuvigilA drug that is used to treat certain sleep disorders, such as narcolepsy. It makes patients feel more alert...

519 of 17,721 terms in Oncology and biomedicine terminology (MLC-0111). Request the full dataset.