Oncology and biomedicine terminology · MLC-0111

Oncology and biomedicine terms: R (677)

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• R. glutinosa/P. suffruticosa/S. chinensis/A. cochinchinensis/P. armeniaca/S. baicalensis/S. sessilifolia herbal supplement HL301A standardized herbal formulation modified from the traditional Korean medicine Chung-Sang-Bo-Ha-Tang (CSBHT)...
• R1 cooling gel plus R2 moisturizing/sun protecting lotionA skin care treatment system consisting of a cytokine-containing milk-based cooling gel and a...
• R101933A substance that is being studied for its ability to make cancer cells respond to drugs to which they have...
• R115777A substance that is being studied in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other types of cancer...
• R-1,3-butanediol-based supplementA supplement composed of R-1,3-butanediol that may be used to increase the level of the ketone body...
• R1507A human monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies...
• R788 sodiumA drug used to treat thrombocytopenia (a low blood platelet count) in adults with chronic immune...
• rabbit anti-thymocyte globulinA preparation of purified, pasteurized, gamma immune globulin obtained by the immunization of rabbits with...
• rabeprazole sodiumThe sodium salt of the prodrug rabeprazole, a substituted benzimidazole proton pump inhibitor, with potential...
• rabiesA disease of the nervous system caused by the rabies virus. Rabies is marked by an increase in saliva...
• rabies vaccineAny vaccine that may prevent rabies infection.
• rabusertibAn inhibitor of the cell cycle checkpoint kinase 2 (chk2) with potential chemopotentiating activity...
• Rac/Cdc42 inhibitor MBQ-167An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Rho GTPases Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate (Rac) and cell...
• raceA concept used to describe a group of people who share physical characteristics, such as skin color and...
• racemetyrosineA dysfunctional and modified form of the non-essential amino acid tyrosine and an inhibitor of tyrosine...
• racemetyrosine/methoxsalen/phenytoin/sirolimus SM-88A combination agent containing racemetyrosine, methoxsalen, phenytoin and sirolimus, with potential...
• racemic XK469The racemic form of a synthetic quinoxaline phenoxypropionic acid derivative with antineoplastic properties...
• rachitisA condition in children in which bones become soft and deformed because they don’t have enough calcium and...
• racismThe structures, policies, practices, beliefs, and behaviors in a society that create an unfair advantage for...
• racotumomabAn anti-idiotype murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) specific to P3 MoAb with anti-metastatic effect...
• RAD001A drug used alone or with other drugs to treat certain types of breast cancer, kidney cancer, and pancreatic...
• radial scarA benign (not cancer) area of hardened tissue in the breast that looks like a scar when viewed under a...
• radiationEnergy released in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves. Common sources of radiation include radon...
• radiation brachytherapyA type of radiation therapy in which radioactive implants, such as pellets, seeds, ribbons, wires, needles...
• radiation cystitisInflammation of the lining of the bladder caused by radiation therapy to the pelvis, including the bladder...
• radiation dermatitisA skin condition that is a common side effect of radiation therapy. The affected skin becomes painful, red...
• radiation enteritisInflammation of the small intestine caused by radiation therapy to the abdomen, pelvis, or rectum. Symptoms...
• radiation fibrosisThe formation of scar tissue as a result of radiation therapy.
• radiation necrosisThe death of healthy tissue caused by radiation therapy. Radiation necrosis is a side effect of radiation...
• radiation nurseA health professional who specializes in caring for people who are receiving radiation therapy.
• radiation oncologistA doctor who has special training in using radiation to treat cancer.
• radiation physicistA person who makes sure that the radiation machine delivers the right amount of radiation to the correct site...
• radiation poisoningSerious illness caused by being exposed to high doses of certain types of radiation, usually over a short...
• radiation recallAn inflammatory reaction that can occur when certain anticancer drugs are given after radiation therapy. It...
• radiation sicknessSerious illness caused by being exposed to high doses of certain types of radiation, usually over a short...
• radiation sickness syndromeSerious illness caused by being exposed to high doses of certain types of radiation, usually over a short...
• radiation surgeryA type of external radiation therapy that uses special equipment to position the patient and precisely give a...
• radiation therapistA health professional who gives radiation treatment.
• radiation therapyThe use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, protons, and other sources to kill cancer...
• radical cervicectomySurgery to remove the cervix, nearby tissue, and the upper part of the vagina. Lymph nodes in the pelvis may...
• radical cystectomySurgery to remove all of the bladder (the organ that holds urine) as well as nearby tissues and organs.
• radical hysterectomySurgery to remove the uterus, cervix, part of the vagina, and a wide area of ligaments and tissues around...
• radical laparoscopic prostatectomySurgery to remove all of the prostate with the aid of a laparoscope. A laparoscope is a thin, tube-like...
• radical local excisionSurgery to remove a tumor and a large amount of normal tissue surrounding it. Nearby lymph nodes may also be...
• radical lymph node dissectionA surgical procedure to remove most or all of the lymph nodes that drain lymph from the area around a tumor...
• radical mastectomySurgery to remove the whole breast, all of the lymph nodes under the arm, and the chest wall muscles under...
• radical nephrectomySurgery to remove an entire kidney, nearby adrenal gland and lymph nodes, and other surrounding tissue.
• radical perineal prostatectomySurgery to remove the entire prostate and some of the tissue around it, including the seminal vesicles (a...
• radical prostatectomySurgery to remove the entire prostate and some of the tissue around it, including the seminal vesicles (a...
• radical retropubic prostatectomySurgery to remove the entire prostate and some of the tissue around it, including the seminal vesicles (a...
• radical trachelectomySurgery to remove the cervix, nearby tissue, and the upper part of the vagina. Lymph nodes in the pelvis may...
• radical vulvectomySurgery to remove the entire vulva (the external female genital organs, including the clitoris, vaginal lips...
• radio waveA type of wave made when an electric field and a magnetic field are combined. Radio waves are being studied...
• radioactiveGiving off radiation.
• radioactive drugA drug that contains a radioactive substance and is used to diagnose or treat disease, including cancer. Also...
• radioactive falloutAirborne radioactive particles that fall to the ground during and after an atomic bombing, nuclear weapons...
• radioactive glucoseA radioactive form of glucose (sugar) often used during a positive emission tomography (PET) scan, a type of...
• radioactive iodineA radioactive form of iodine, often used for imaging tests or to treat an overactive thyroid, thyroid cancer...
• radioactive palladiumA radioactive form of palladium (a metallic element that resembles platinum). When used to treat prostate...
• radioactive seedA small, radioactive pellet that is placed in or near a tumor. Cancer cells are killed by the energy given...
• radioembolizationA type of radiation therapy used to treat liver cancer or cancer that has spread to the liver. A thin...
• radiofrequency ablationA procedure that uses radio waves to heat and destroy abnormal cells. The radio waves travel through...
• radiofrequency radiationA type of low-energy radiation. The most common sources of radiofrequency radiation are wireless and cellular...
• radiographyA procedure that uses a type of high-energy radiation called x-rays to take pictures of areas inside the...
• radioimagingA method that uses radioactive substances to make pictures of areas inside the body. The radioactive...
• radioimmunoconjugateA radioactive substance that carries radiation directly to cancer cells. A radioimmunoconjugate is made by...
• radioimmunodiagnosticsThe use of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies to help diagnose diseases, including cancer. The radiolabeled...
• radioimmunoguided surgeryA procedure that uses radioactive substances to locate tumors so that they can be removed by surgery.
• radioimmunotherapeuticsThe use of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies to treat diseases, including cancer. The radiolabeled...
• radioimmunotherapyA type of radiation therapy in which a radioactive substance is linked to a monoclonal antibody and injected...
• radioisotopeAn unstable form of a chemical element that releases radiation as it breaks down and becomes more stable...
• radiolabeledAny compound that has been joined with a radioactive substance.
• radiologic examA test that uses radiation or other imaging procedures to find signs of cancer or other abnormalities.
• radiologistA doctor who has special training in creating and interpreting pictures of areas inside the body. The...
• radiologyThe use of radiation (such as x-rays) or other imaging technologies (such as ultrasound and magnetic...
• radiology reportA detailed report that describes the results of an imaging test. A radiology report includes information...
• radionuclideAn unstable form of a chemical element that releases radiation as it breaks down and becomes more stable...
• radionuclide scanningA procedure that produces pictures (scans) of structures inside the body, including areas where there are...
• radiopharmaceuticalA drug that contains a radioactive substance and is used to diagnose or treat disease, including cancer. Also...
• radioprotective agentA type of drug that helps protect healthy tissue from some of the side effects caused by radiation therapy...
• radiosensitizationThe use of a drug that makes tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy.
• radiosensitizerAny substance that makes tumor cells easier to kill with radiation therapy. Some radiosensitizers are being...
• radiosensitizer RRx-001A dinitroazetidine derivative with potential radiosensitizing activity. Upon administration, RRx-001 is able...
• radiosensitizing agentAny substance that makes tumor cells easier to kill with radiation therapy. Some radiosensitizing agents are...
• radiosurgeryA type of external radiation therapy that uses special equipment to position the patient and precisely give a...
• radiotherapyThe use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, protons, and other sources to kill cancer...
• radium bromatumAn orally available homeopathic preparation with potential radioprotective activities. Upon administration...
• radium Ra 223-dichlorideA radioactive drug used to treat prostate cancer that has spread to the bone and is causing symptoms but has...
• radium Ra 224-labeled calcium carbonate microparticlesA radiopharmaceutical composed of biodegradable calcium carbonate microspheres labeled with the...
• Radix Angelicae sinensis/Radix Astragali herbal supplementA traditional Chinese medicine comprising of Radix Angelicae Sinensis (RAS) and Radix Astragali (RA), with...
• Radix polygalae rxtract PDC-1421A botanical formulation containing the extract of Radix polygalae, the dry root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd...
• radonA radioactive gas that is released by uranium, a substance found in soil and rock. Breathing in too much...
• radotinib hydrochlorideAn orally available, hydrochloride salt form of radotinib, a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor of...
• rAd/p53A substance that has been studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. rAd/p53 is a weakened adenovirus...
• RAF inhibitor BDTX-4933A central nervous system (CNS)-penetrant inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, with...
• RAF inhibitor DCC-3084An orally bioavailable central nervous system (CNS)-penetrant switch control inhibitor of the...
• Raf kinase inhibitor XL281An orally active, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. XL281 specifically inhibits RAF...
• Raftilose Synergy 1A substance that is used to improve the health of the digestive system and bones and is being studied in the...
• ragifilimabAn anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor superfamily...
• ralometostatAn orally available small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential...
• raloxifene hydrochlorideA drug used to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women who are at high risk of...
• raltegravir potassiumThe orally bioavailable potassium salt of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase strand transfer...
• raltitrexedAn anticancer drug that stops tumor cells from growing by blocking the ability of cells to make DNA. It...
• raltitrexed disodiumThe disodium salt form of raltitrexed, a quinazoline folate analogue, with potential antineoplastic activity...
• raludotatug deruxtecanAn antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against...
• ramelteonA synthetic melatonin analogue with hypnotic and circadian rhythm-modulating activities. Ramelteon binds to...
• ramiprilA prodrug and nonsulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity...
• ramosetron hydrochlorideThe hydrochloride salt of ramosetron, a selective serotonin (5-HT) receptor antagonist with potential...
• ramucirumabA drug that binds to the protein vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to help keep new blood vessels...
• randomizationIn research, the process by which participants in clinical trials are assigned by chance to separate groups...
• randomized clinical trialA study in which the participants are divided by chance into separate groups that compare different...
• ranibizumabA second-generation, recombinant humanized IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody fragment directed against human...
• ranimustineA chloroethylnitrosourea derivative that inhibits proliferation and growth of tumor cells by alkylation and...
• ranitidine hydrochlorideA member of the class of histamine H2-receptor antagonists with antacid activity. Ranitidine is a competitive...
• ranitidine hydrochloride/bismuth potassium citrate/sucralfate hydrate formulationA formulation containing the hydrochloride salt form of the non-imidazole histamine H2 receptor antagonist...
• ranolazineAn orally available, piperazine derivative with anti-anginal and potential antineoplastic activities...
• ranosidenibAn orally bioavailable inhibitor of mutated forms of both isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1, IDH1 [NADP+]...
• ranpirnaseA substance being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is a type of ribonuclease enzyme. Also called...
• RapamuneA drug used to keep the body from rejecting organ and bone marrow transplants. Rapamune blocks certain white...
• rapamycinA drug used to keep the body from rejecting organ and bone marrow transplants. Rapamycin blocks certain white...
• rapamycin-polarized Th1/Tc1 autologous T lymphocytesA population of T lymphocytes polarized by rapamycin with potential immunomodulating activity. The autologous...
• rapid eye movement sleepThe phase of sleep in which most dreams occur. During rapid eye movement sleep, a person’s brain activity...
• rapid hormone cyclingA procedure in which drugs that block the production of male hormones are alternated with male hormones...
• rapid-onset opioidA substance that acts quickly to treat moderate to severe pain. Opioids are like opiates, such as morphine...
• RARA geneA gene that makes a protein that controls the activity of certain genes that help white blood cells mature...
• RARalpha agonist IRX5183An orally bioavailable retinoid acid receptor alpha (RARalpha) agonist and vitamin A derivative, with...
• rare cancerAs defined by the National Cancer Institute, cancer that occurs in fewer than 15 out of 100,000 people each...
• rare diseaseA disease that affects fewer than 200,000 people in the United States. There are about 7,000 rare diseases...
• rare disorderA disease that affects fewer than 200,000 people in the United States. There are about 7,000 rare disorders...
• RAS gene familyA family of genes that make proteins involved in cell signaling pathways that control cell growth and cell...
• Ras inhibitor LUNA18An orally bioavailable cyclic peptide and Ras inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral...
• Ras inhibitor RSC-1255An orally bioavailable pan-mutant and wild-type Ras inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon...
• ras peptideA short piece of the ras protein, which is made by the ras gene. The ras gene has been found to cause cancer...
• ras peptide cancer vaccineA cancer vaccine containing a RAS oncogene-encoded peptide with potential antineoplastic activity. RAS...
• rasburicaseA drug used to treat high levels of uric acid in the blood of adults and children with leukemia, lymphoma, or...
• rasdegafusp alfaA fusion protein consisting of a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the endocytic dendritic...
• rashAn area of the skin that has changes in texture or color and may look inflamed or irritated. The skin may be...
• RASopathy syndromeA group of rare conditions caused by mutations (changes) in certain genes that make proteins involved in the...
• ratangratinibAn orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) types 1, 2, and 3...
• rattlesnake rootAn eastern North American perennial herb. A substance obtained from the root of the plant has been used in...
• rauschpfefferAn herb native to islands in the South Pacific. Substances taken from the root have been used in some...
• RAV12A monoclonal antibody that is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies...
• ravoxertinibAn orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic...
• ravuconazoleA substance that is being studied in the treatment of infections caused by fungi. It belongs to the family of...
• ravulizumabA drug used to treat adults with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (a rare red blood cell disorder) and...
• ravulizumab-cwvzA longer-acting antibody directed against terminal complement protein C5, with potential anti-inflammatory...
• razoxaneAn orally bioavailable bis-dioxopiperazine and a derivative of the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic...
• RBCA type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood. RBCs contain a protein called...
• RBCs-anti-PD1 antibody conjugate WTX212A preparation of autologous engineered red blood cells (RBCs) conjugated with pembrolizumab, an antibody...
• RBM39 degraderAny agent that degrades RNA-binding protein 39 (RNA-binding motif protein 39; RBM39).
• RBM39 degrader REC-1245An orally bioavailable molecular glue degrader of the splicing factor RNA-binding protein 39 (RNA-binding...
• R-CHOPAn abbreviation for a chemotherapy combination that is used to treat non-Hodgkin lymphoma and mantle cell...
• R-CHOP regimenAn abbreviation for a chemotherapy combination that is used to treat non-Hodgkin lymphoma and mantle cell...
• R-CVPAn abbreviation for a chemotherapy combination used to treat indolent (slow-growing) non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It...
• R-CVP regimenAn abbreviation for a chemotherapy combination used to treat indolent (slow-growing) non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It...
• reactivateTo make active again or make something work again. In medicine, an infection or a disease is described as...
• reactive oxygen speciesA type of unstable molecule that contains oxygen and that easily reacts with other molecules in a cell. A...
• reagentA substance used to carry out a laboratory test. Reagents may be used in a chemical reaction to detect...
• realgar-Indigo naturalis formulationAn orally bioavailable, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based formulation composed of Realgar-Indigo...
• rebamipideA quinolinone derivative with anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activities. Rebamipide induces cyclooxygenase...
• rebastinib tosylateAn orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic...
• rebeccamycinA substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called...
• rebeccamycin analogA substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the families of drugs called...
• rebimastatA sulfhydryl-based second-generation matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic...
• ReblozylA drug used to treat anemia in adults with certain types of myelodysplastic syndromes or...
• recall biasA type of bias that occurs when participants in a research study or clinical trial do not accurately remember...
• RecentinA substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Recentin may prevent the growth of new...
• receptorA molecule inside or on the surface of a cell that binds to a specific substance and causes a specific effect...
• receptor tyrosine kinaseA member of a group of proteins called tyrosine kinases that are found on the surface of cells. Receptor...
• recipientIn medicine, a person who receives blood, cells, tissue, or an organ from another person, such as in a blood...
• RECISTA standard way to measure how well a cancer patient responds to treatment. It is based on whether tumors...
• recombinantIn genetics, describes DNA, proteins, cells, or organisms that are made by combining genetic material from...
• recombinant 70-kD heat-shock proteinA recombinant peptide that is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous 70-kD heat shock protein...
• recombinant adenovirus-hIFN-betaA recombinant replication-defective adenovirus which encodes the gene for the cytokine human interferon-beta...
• recombinant adenovirus-interferon/Syn3A non-replicating recombinant adenovirus type 5 (Ad5)-vector encoding the gene for interferon alpha-2b...
• recombinant adenovirus-L523S vaccineA replication-defective adenovirus containing a gene that encodes the human protein L523S with potential...
• recombinant adenovirus-p53A substance that has been studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Recombinant adenovirus-p53 is a...
• recombinant adenovirus-p53 SCH-58500A genetically-engineered adenovirus that contains the gene that encodes the human tumor-suppressor protein...
• recombinant albumin-binding IL-12 SON-1010A recombinant form of the human cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) conjugated to a single chain antibody...
• recombinant attenuated Salmonella typhimurium expressing IL-2An orally available, genetically engineered Salmonella typhimurium strain expressing a truncated form of the...
• recombinant B. pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin-tyrosinase A2 epitope vaccineA recombinant vaccine containing a genetically detoxified adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA) of Bordetella...
• recombinant bacterial minicells VAX014A population of recombinant bacterial minicells (rBMCs) engineered to express the alpha3beta1 (a3b1) and...
• recombinant bispecific single-chain antibody rM28A recombinant, bispecific, single chain antibody directed against both the T-cell surface-associated...
• recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factorA recombinant form of bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (rb-bFGF), with cell growth stimulating activity...
• recombinant CD40-ligandA recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to CD40-ligand. CD40-ligand, also...
• recombinant cell-surface anchored sialidase DAS181A recombinant sialidase fusion protein composed of a sialidase catalytic domain derived from Actinomyces...
• recombinant dHER2 vaccineA cancer vaccine consisting of a truncated recombinant HER2 peptide (dHER2) with potential antineoplastic...
• recombinant DNA-L523S vaccineA plasmid DNA encoding human L523S, an RNA-binding protein that belongs to the KOC (K homology domain...
• recombinant EphB4-HSA fusion proteinA recombinant fusion protein composed of the full-length extracellular domain (soluble) of human receptor...
• recombinant flt3 ligandA recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine Flt3...
• recombinant fowlpox GM-CSF vaccine adjuvantA cancer vaccine adjuvant consisting of a recombinant fowlpox virus encoding human granulocyte-macrophage...
• recombinant fowlpox-B7.1 vaccineA cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant fowlpox virus vector encoding the stimulatory molecule transgene...
• recombinant fowlpox-CEA(6D)/TRICOM vaccineA cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant fowlpox virus vector encoding the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)...
• recombinant fowlpox-CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM vaccineA cancer vaccine made with a form of a chicken virus that does not cause disease in humans. It is being...
• recombinant fowlpox-prostate specific antigen vaccineA cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant fowlpox virus encoding human prostate-specific antigen (PSA)...
• recombinant fowlpox-TRICOM vaccineA cancer vaccine made with a form of a chicken virus that does not cause disease in humans. It is being...
• recombinant fowlpox-tyrosinase vaccineA recombinant fowlpox virus vaccine with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding to the melanoma antigen...
• recombinant HSA/filgrastim fusion proteinA long-acting recombinant fusion protein composed of human serum albumin (HSA) fused to granulocyte colony...
• recombinant HSA/G-CSF fusion protein MW05A recombinant fusion protein composed of human serum albumin (HSA) fused to human granulocyte colony...
• recombinant hsp110-gp100 chaperone complex vaccineA recombinant chaperone-peptide complex-based vaccine composed of a complex between heat shock protein hsp110...
• recombinant human 6CkineA therapeutic recombinant analogue of a member of the endogenous CC chemokines with potential antineoplastic...
• recombinant human adenovirus type 5 H101A replication selective, recombinant, E1B and partial E3 gene deleted form of human adenovirus type 5, with...
• recombinant human albumin-human granulocyte colony-stimulating factorA long-acting recombinant fusion protein incorporating human serum albumin (HSA)-derived and human...
• recombinant human apolipoprotein(a) kringle V MG1102An 86 amino-acid long polypeptide fragment of a recombinant form of human apolipoprotein (a) (apo(a)) kringle...
• recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 4A recombinant form of human bone morphogenetic protein 4 (rhBMP4; rhBMP-4), with potential antineoplastic...
• recombinant human chorionic gonadotropinA recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous glycoprotein...
• recombinant human EGF-rP64K/Montanide ISA 51 vaccineA peptide vaccine preparation, containing recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rEGF) linked to the...
• recombinant human endostatinA recombinant human proteolytic fragment of the C-terminal end of type XVIII collagen. Endostatin induces...
• recombinant human epidermal growth factorA recombinant form of the naturally-occurring polypeptide human epidermal growth factor with potential...
• recombinant human GM-CSF-encoding oncolytic adenovirus SynOV1.1A recombinant oncolytic adenovirus, controlled by synthetic gene circuit, encoding the human...
• recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factorA recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine...
• recombinant human hyaluronidaseA human recombinant form of the naturally occurring human enzyme hyaluronidase with potential chemoadjuvant...
• recombinant human hyaluronidase and pembrolizumabA fixed-dose co-formulation composed of pembrolizumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal...
• recombinant human interleukin-11A drug used to increase the number of blood cells, especially platelets, in some cancer patients receiving...
• recombinant human interleukin-15A recombinant agent that is chemically identical or similar to the endogenous cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15)...
• recombinant human interleukin-2A drug used to treat adults with melanoma or renal cell carcinoma (a type of kidney cancer) that has spread...
• recombinant human interleukin-22 IgG2-FcA recombinant fusion protein consisting of human cytokine interleukin 22 (IL-22) fused to a human...
• recombinant human mannose-binding lectinA recombinant protein similar or identical to human mannan-binding lectin (MBL) with opsonin activity. MBL, a...
• recombinant human methionyl stem cell factorA substance that causes blood stem cells (cells from which other types of cells develop) to change into...
• recombinant human papillomavirus 11-valent vaccineA recombinant, 11-valent, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, produced in Hansenula polymorpha, with...
• recombinant human papillomavirus 14-valent vaccine SCT1000A recombinant, 14-valent, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, with potential immunoprotective and...
• recombinant human papillomavirus bivalent vaccineA vaccine that is no longer available in the United States but is still used in other countries to protect...
• recombinant human papillomavirus nonavalent vaccineA vaccine that is FDA-approved for use in females and males aged 9 to 45 years to protect against infection...
• recombinant human papillomavirus quadrivalent vaccineA vaccine that is no longer available in the United States but is still used in other countries to protect...
• recombinant human stem cell factorA therapeutic glycoprotein cytokine chemically identical to or similar to endogenous human stem cell factor...
• recombinant human thrombopoietinA recombinantly produced form of human thrombopoietin (rHuTPO). rHuTPO stimulates platelet formation and has...
• recombinant humanized anti-HER-2 bispecific monoclonal antibody MBS301A glyco-engineered heterodimeric bispecific monoclonal antibody, derived from trastuzumab and pertuzumab...
• recombinant interferonOne of a group of recombinant therapeutic glycoprotein cytokines with antiviral, anti-proliferative, and...
• recombinant interferon alfaA class of naturally-isolated or recombinant therapeutic peptides used as antiviral and anti-tumor agents...
• Recombinant Interferon Alfa-1bThe non-glycosylated recombinant interferon alpha, subtype 1b, with immunostimulatory and antineoplastic...
• recombinant interferon alfa-2aA non-glycosylated recombinant human alpha interferon, subtype 2a, produced in the bacterium E. coli...
• recombinant interferon alfa-2bA drug used alone or with other drugs to treat adults with AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma, hairy cell leukemia...
• recombinant interferon betaA recombinant protein which is chemically identical to or similar to endogenous interferon beta with...
• recombinant interferon gammaA recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous lymphokine...
• recombinant interleukin-12A recombinant form of the endogenous heterodimeric cytokine interleukin-12 with potential antineoplastic...
• recombinant interleukin-18A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine...
• recombinant interleukin-1-alphaA recombinant agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous protein cytokine...
• recombinant interleukin-1-betaA recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous protein...
• recombinant interleukin-2Any recombinant analog of endogenous interleukin-2 (IL-2), a cytokine involved in intercellular communication...
• recombinant interleukin-3A recombinant form of interleukin-3, a cytokine produced by activated T-cells and mast cells involved in...
• recombinant interleukin-6A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine...
• recombinant interleukin-7A recombinant protein which is chemically identical to or similar to endogenous interleukin-7 (IL-7) with...
• recombinant leukocyte interleukinA cocktail preparation of synthetic interleukin (IL) -1, IL-2, IL-6 , tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha...
• recombinant luteinizing hormoneAny recombinant form of the endogenously produced heterodimer glycoprotein luteinizing hormone (LH) normally...
• recombinant macrophage colony-stimulating factorA recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous protein...
• recombinant MAGE-3.1 antigenA recombinant tumor-specific melanoma antigen. Vaccination with recombinant MAGE-3.1 antigen may induce a...
• recombinant MIP1-alpha variant ECI301A recombinant form of a human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP1-alpha) with a substitution of...
• recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara-5T4 vaccineA cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding the 5T4...
• recombinant Newcastle disease virus-encoding interleukin-12 MEDI9253An oncolytic viral agent containing the oncolytic, live-attenuated, replication-competent strain of the avian...
• recombinant newcastle disease virus-encoding interleukin-12 V938An oncolytic, replication-competent strain of the avian paramyxovirus Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that has...
• recombinant oncolytic adenovirus 5 encoding non-secreting interleukin-12 BioTTT001A recombinant oncolytic adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) encoding a modified and non-secreting (ns) form of the...
• recombinant oxytocinA synthetic cyclic peptide form of the naturally occurring posterior pituitary hormone oxytocin. Oxytocin...
• recombinant parathyroid hormoneA recombinant therapeutic agent that is identical or similar to an 84-amino-acid polypeptide produced by the...
• recombinant platelet factor 4A recombinant form of the endogenous chemokine platelet factor 4 with potential antiangiogenesis and...
• recombinant PRAME protein plus AS15 adjuvant GSK2302025AA recombinant form of the human PRAME (Preferentially Expressed Antigen of Melanoma) protein combined with...
• recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisia-CEA(610D) vaccine GI-6207A whole, heat-killed, recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast-based vaccine genetically altered to express...
• recombinant soluble human CD4 proteinA recombinant human soluble CD4 with antiviral activity. Recombinant human soluble CD4 has the amino terminus...
• recombinant super-compound interferonA recombinant form of the naturally-occurring cytokine interferon-alpha (IFN-a) that has a modified spatial...
• recombinant thymosinA recombinant form of a polypeptide chemically identical to or similar to the hormone secreted by the thymus...
• recombinant thyroid-stimulating hormoneA peptide hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary. It promotes the growth of the thyroid gland and...
• recombinant thyrotropin alfaA recombinant form of the human anterior pituitary glycoprotein thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) with use in...
• recombinant tissue plasminogen activatorA form of tissue plasminogen activator that is made in the laboratory. It helps dissolve blood clots and is...
• recombinant transforming growth factor-beta-2A recombinant polypeptide chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine transforming growth...
• recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha-thymosin alpha 1 fusion proteinA recombinant fusion protein composed of the human pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha...
• recombinant tumor necrosis factor family proteinA recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to one of a number of endogenous...
• recombinant tyrosinase-related protein-2A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to an endogenous non-mutated...
• recombinant urate oxidaseA drug used to treat high levels of uric acid in the blood of adults and children with leukemia, lymphoma, or...
• recombinant vaccinia prostate-specific antigen vaccineA vaccine consisting of recombinant vaccinia virus encoding prostate specific antigen (PSA). Vaccination with...
• recombinant vaccinia-B7.1 vaccineA recombinant vaccinia virus encoding the T-cell co-stimulatory molecule B7-1. Co-administration of...
• recombinant vaccinia-CEA(6D)-TRICOM vaccineA vaccine consisting of recombinant vaccinia virus encoding the tumor-associated antigen carcinoembryonic...
• recombinant vaccinia-CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM vaccineA cancer vaccine made with a form of vaccinia virus that does not cause disease in humans. It is being...
• recombinant vaccinia-MUC1 vaccineA vaccine containing a recombinant vaccinia virus that encodes the gene for human mucin-1, a tumor-associated...
• recombinant vaccinia-multiepitope melanoma peptides-B7.1-B7.2 vaccineA cancer vaccine consisting of an inactivated recombinant vaccinia virus encoding epitope peptides derived...
• recombinant vaccinia-NY-ESO-1 vaccineA cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant vaccinia viral vector encoding an immunogenic peptide derived...
• recombinant vaccinia-TRICOM vaccineA cancer vaccine made with a form of a vaccinia virus that does not cause disease in humans. It is being...
• recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-expressing interferon-betaA recombinant, replicating oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) carrying the human interferon-beta...
• recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-expressing interferon-beta and tyrosinase-related protein 1A recombinant, replicating oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) carrying the human interferon-beta...
• reconstructive surgeonA doctor who can surgically reshape or rebuild (reconstruct) a part of the body, such as a woman's breast...
• reconstructive surgerySurgery that is done to reshape or rebuild (reconstruct) a part of the body changed by previous surgery.
• recoverTo become well and healthy again.
• RECQL4 geneA gene that makes a protein involved in unwinding strands of DNA that are to be copied prior to cell division...
• recreational therapyA type of therapy that uses activities to help meet the physical and emotional needs of patients with an...
• rectalBy or having to do with the rectum. The rectum is the last several inches of the large intestine closest to...
• rectal cancerCancer that forms in the tissues of the rectum (the last several inches of the large intestine closest to the...
• rectal reconstructionSurgery to rebuild the rectum (the last several inches of the large intestine before the anus) using a...
• rectitisInflammation of the mucous membrane that lines the rectum (the last several inches of the large intestine...
• rectovaginal examA physical exam of the rectum and vagina. During a rectovaginal exam, a health care provider inserts one...
• rectumThe last several inches of the large intestine closest to the anus.
• recurTo come back or to return.
• recurrenceCancer that has recurred (come back), usually after a period of time during which the cancer could not be...
• recurrence riskIn genetics, the likelihood that a hereditary trait or disorder present in one family member will occur again...
• recurrent cancerCancer that has recurred (come back), usually after a period of time during which the cancer could not be...
• recurrent respiratory papillomatosisA rare condition in which wart-like growths called papillomas grow in the respiratory tract (air passages...
• red blood cellA type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood. Red blood cells contain a...
• red cedarA type of evergreen tree with hard fragrant wood that is a member of the cypress family. The oil from the...
• red cloverTrifolium pratense. A plant with flowers that has been used in some cultures to treat certain medical...
• red dateThe fruit of the jujube plant. It has been used in some cultures to treat certain medical problems.
• red elmThe inner bark of this plant has been used in some cultures to treat certain medical problems. It may have...
• red tomato juiceTomato juice derived from red tomatoes, with potential antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Red tomato...
• redoxA chemical reaction that takes place between an oxidizing substance and a reducing substance. The oxidizing...
• reduced glutathione-L-cysteine-anthocyanins gelA gel formulation containing reduced glutathione, L-cysteine, and anthocyanins with potential antioxifdant...
• reduced penetranceA term that describes when some people with a disease-causing mutation (change) in a gene develop the disease...
• reduced-intensity transplantA type of donor stem cell transplant in which a patient receives lower doses of chemotherapy and/or radiation...
• reductionA chemical reaction that takes place when a substance comes into contact with hydrogen or another reducing...
• Reed-Sternberg cellA type of cell that appears in people with Hodgkin disease. The number of these cells increases as the...
• refametinibAn orally bioavailable selective MEK inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Refametinib...
• reference intervalIn medicine, a set of values that a doctor uses to interpret a patient’s test results. The reference interval...
• reference rangeIn medicine, a set of values that a doctor uses to interpret a patient’s test results. The reference range...
• reference valuesIn medicine, a set of values that a doctor uses to interpret a patient’s test results. The reference values...
• referralIn medicine, the act of sending a patient from one health care provider to another for additional health care...
• reflexologyA type of massage in which different amounts of pressure are applied to specific points on the feet or hands...
• refluxThe backward flow of liquid from the stomach into the esophagus.
• refractoryIn medicine, describes a disease or condition that does not respond to treatment.
• refractory cancerCancer that does not respond to treatment. The cancer may be resistant at the beginning of treatment or it...
• regadenosonAn adenosine derivative and selective A2A adenosine receptor agonist with coronary vasodilating activity...
• RegenecareA substance being studied in the treatment of certain types of skin rash and skin pain in cancer patients...
• regenerationIn biology, regrowth of damaged or destroyed tissue or body part.
• regimenA treatment plan that specifies the dosage, the schedule, and the duration of treatment.
• regionalIn oncology, describes the body area right around a tumor.
• regional anesthesiaA temporary loss of feeling or awareness in a part of the body, such as an arm or a leg, caused by special...
• regional cancerRefers to cancer that has grown beyond the original (primary) tumor to nearby lymph nodes or organs and...
• regional chemotherapyTreatment with anticancer drugs directed to a specific area of the body.
• regional enteritisA condition in which the gastrointestinal tract is inflamed over a long period of time. Regional enteritis...
• regional lymph nodeIn oncology, a lymph node that drains lymph from the region around a tumor.
• regional lymph node dissectionA surgical procedure to remove some of the lymph nodes that drain lymph from the area around a tumor. The...
• registered dietitianA health professional who has special training in diet and nutrition. Registered dietitians offer advice on...
• ReglanA drug that increases the motility (movements and contractions) of the stomach and upper intestine. It is...
• regorafenibA drug used to treat certain types of colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and hepatocellular...
• regorafenib hydrateThe hydrate form of regorafenib, an orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antiangiogenic and...
• regressionA decrease in the size of a tumor or in the extent of cancer in the body.
• regulatory T cellA type of immune cell that blocks the actions of some other types of lymphocytes, to keep the immune system...
• rehabilitationIn medicine, a process to restore mental and/or physical abilities lost to injury or disease, in order to...
• rehabilitation servicesSpecial health care services that help a person regain physical, mental, and/or cognitive (thinking and...
• rehabilitation specialistA health care professional who helps people recover from an illness or injury and return to daily life...
• relacorilantAn orally available antagonist of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), with potential antineoplastic activity...
• relapseThe return of a disease or the signs and symptoms of a disease after a period of improvement. Relapse also...
• relapse-free survivalIn cancer, the length of time after primary treatment for a cancer ends that the patient survives without any...
• related donor adenovirus-specific cytotoxic T cellsA population of allogeneic related donor cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) specifically reactive to human...
• relative oddsA measure of the odds of an event happening in one group compared to the odds of the same event happening in...
• relative riskA measure of the risk of a certain event happening in one group compared to the risk of the same event...
• relative survival rateA way of comparing the survival of people who have a specific disease with those who don’t, over a certain...
• relatlimabA monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitor receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), with...
• relaxation techniqueA method used to help reduce muscle tension and stress, lower blood pressure, and control pain. Examples of...
• relaxation therapyA type of therapy that helps reduce muscle tension and stress, lowers blood pressure, and controls pain. It...
• relaxin mimetic AZD5462A mimetic of the endogenous heterodimeric insulin-like peptide relaxin, with potential vasodilating...
• relebactam monohydrateThe monohydrate form of relebactam, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, that can be used to inhibit the breakdown of...
• RelenzaA drug used to prevent and to treat influenza virus infections. It blocks the release of the virus from...
• religionA set of beliefs and practices that center on questions about the meaning of life and may involve the worship...
• RelistorA drug used to relieve constipation caused by the use of opioids (pain killers that are like morphine). It is...
• relmacabtagene autoleucelA preparation of autologous T lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen...
• relugolixA drug used to treat adults with advanced prostate cancer. Relugolix binds to gonadotropin-releasing hormone...
• REM sleepThe phase of sleep in which most dreams occur. During REM sleep, a person’s brain activity, breathing, heart...
• RemeronA drug used to treat depression. Remeron increases the levels of the chemicals serotonin and norepinephrine...
• remestemcel-LHuman mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) harvested from bone marrow of healthy adult donors and expanded ex vivo...
• remifentanil hydrochlorideThe hydrochloride salt form of remifentanil, a synthetic anilidopiperidine derivative and short-acting opiate...
• remimazolamA short-acting benzodiazepine derivative that is structurally related to midazolam, with sedative-hypnotic...
• remimazolam besylateThe besylate ester form of remimazolam, a short-acting benzodiazepine derivative that is structurally related...
• remimazolam tosylateThe tosylate salt form of remimazolam, a short-acting benzodiazepine derivative that is structurally related...
• remissionA decrease in or disappearance of signs and symptoms of cancer. In partial remission, some, but not all...
• remission induction therapyInitial treatment with anticancer drugs to decrease the signs or symptoms of cancer or make them disappear.
• remote brachytherapyA type of internal radiation treatment in which the radioactive source is removed between treatments. Also...
• remzistotugA human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against poliovirus receptor-related...
• renal arteryThe main blood vessel that supplies blood to a kidney and its nearby adrenal gland and ureter. There is a...
• renal capsuleThe fibrous connective tissue that surrounds each kidney.
• renal cell adenocarcinomaCancer that begins in the lining of the tiny tubes in the kidney that return filtered substances that the...
• renal cell cancerCancer that begins in the lining of the tiny tubes in the kidney that return filtered substances that the...
• renal cell carcinomaCancer that begins in the lining of the tiny tubes in the kidney that return filtered substances that the...
• renal cell carcinoma peptides vaccine IMA901A multipeptide cancer vaccine targeting renal cell carcinoma with potential immunopotentiating activity...
• renal collecting tubuleThe last part of a long, twisting tube that collects urine from the nephrons (cellular structures in the...
• renal failureA condition in which the kidneys stop working and are not able to remove waste and extra water from the blood...
• renal fasciaA fibrous envelope of tissue that surrounds the kidney. Also called Gerota's capsule and Gerota's fascia.
• renal functionA term used to describe how well the kidneys work. The kidneys remove waste and extra water from the blood...
• renal function testA test in which blood or urine samples are checked for the amounts of certain substances released by the...
• renal glomerulusA tiny, round cluster of blood vessels within the kidneys. It filters the blood to reabsorb useful materials...
• renal pelvisThe area at the center of the kidney. Urine collects here and is funneled into the ureter, the tube that...
• renal tubular acidosisA rare disorder in which structures in the kidney that filter the blood are impaired, producing urine that is...
• renal tubuleOne of millions of tiny tubes in the kidneys that returns nutrients, fluids, and other substances that have...
• renal veinThe main blood vessel that carries blood from the kidney and ureter to the inferior vena cava (a large vein...
• RenovaA topical preparation of tretinoin that is used to treat acne. Tretinoin is a form of vitamin A.
• renvistobartA human monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell...
• repaglinideA nonsulfonylurea insulin secretagogue belonging to the melgitinide class with hypoglycemic activity...
• reparixinAn orally available inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor types 1 (CXCR1) and 2 (CXCR2), with potential...
• replicateTo make a copy or duplicate of something.
• replication cycleIn biology, refers to the reproduction cycle of viruses. A repliction cycle begins with the infection of a...
• R-EPOCHAn abbreviation for a chemotherapy combination used to treat certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It...
• R-EPOCH regimenAn abbreviation for a chemotherapy combination used to treat certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It...
• repotrectinibA drug used to treat adults with non-small cell lung cancer that has spread and has an abnormal ROS1 gene and...
• reproductive cellAn egg cell in females or sperm cell in males. Each mature reproductive cell contains 23 chromosomes. When an...
• reproductive endocrinologistA doctor who has special training in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility. A reproductive...
• reproductive historyA collection of information about a woman’s health related to reproduction (childbearing). A reproductive...
• reproductive hormoneA type of hormone involved in puberty, fertility, and sexuality. Reproductive hormones are usually made in...
• reproductive medicineA branch of medicine that specializes in fertility preservation, diagnosing and treating infertility, and...
• reproductive systemThe tissues, glands, and organs involved in producing offspring (children). In women, the reproductive system...
• rescue transplantA method of replacing blood-forming stem cells that were destroyed by treatment with high doses of anticancer...
• research advocateA person who serves as a link between patients and scientific researchers. Research advocates help patients...
• research baseRefers to the institutions, clinical staff, and patients that can take part in a clinical trial.
• research studyA scientific study of nature that sometimes includes processes involved in health and disease. For example...
• resectableAble to be removed by surgery.
• resectedRemoved by surgery.
• resectionSurgery to remove tissue or part or all of an organ.
• resectoscopeA thin, tube-like instrument used to remove tissue from inside the body. A resectoscope has a light and a...
• residual diseaseCancer cells that remain after attempts to remove the cancer have been made.
• resinA thick substance that comes from plants or can be made in the laboratory from certain chemicals. Resins do...
• resiniferatoxinA naturally occurring capsaicin analog found in the latex of the cactus Euphorbia resinifera with analgesic...
• resiquimodA substance being studied in the treatment of some types of skin cancer. When put on the skin, resiquimod...
• resiquimod gel CD11301A topical gel containing the Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist resiquimod, an imidazoquinolinamine, with...
• resiquimod hydrogel-based sustained-release formulationA hydrogel carrier-based, sustained intra-tumoral release formulation of resiquimod, a Toll-like receptor...
• resiquimod sulfateThe sulfate salt form of resiquimod, a toll-like receptor type 7 and 8 (TLR7/8) agonist, with potential...
• resiquimod topical gelA topical gel containing the Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist resiquimod, an imidazoquinolinamine and with...
• resistant cancerCancer that does not respond to treatment. The cancer may be resistant at the beginning of treatment, or it...
• resistant starchA form of dietary fiber that resists degradation in the small intestine by gastrointestinal (GI) enzymes with...
• resminostatAn orally bioavailable inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs) with potential antineoplastic activity...
• resorptionA process in which a substance, such as tissue, is lost by being destroyed and then absorbed by the body.
• respiratorIn medicine, a machine used to help a patient breathe. Also called ventilator.
• respiratory diseaseA type of disease that affects the lungs and other parts of the respiratory system. Respiratory diseases may...
• respiratory syncytial virusA virus that causes respiratory infections with cold-like symptoms. Also called RSV.
• respiratory systemThe organs that are involved in breathing. These include the nose, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and...
• respiratory therapistA health professional trained to evaluate and treat people who have breathing problems or other lung...
• respiratory therapyExercises and treatments that help improve or restore lung function.
• respiratory tractThe organs that are involved in breathing. These include the nose, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and...
• respite careTemporary care given to a person who is unable to care for himself or herself so that the usual caregivers...
• responseIn medicine, an improvement related to treatment.
• Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid TumorsA standard way to measure how well a cancer patient responds to treatment. It is based on whether tumors...
• response rateThe percentage of patients whose cancer shrinks or disappears after treatment.
• restagingA process used to find out the amount or spread of cancer in the body if it comes back or gets worse after...
• restingIn biology, refers to a cell that is not dividing.
• restless legs syndromeA condition in which a person has a strong urge to move his or her legs in order to stop uncomfortable...
• resveratrolA substance found in the skins of grapes and in certain other plants, fruits, and seeds. It is made by...
• resveratrol formulation SRT501A proprietary formulation of resveratrol, a polyphenolic phytoalexin derived from grapes and other food...
• RET geneA gene that makes a protein that plays an important role in cell growth and differentiation and in the...
• RET inhibitor APS03118An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during...
• RET inhibitor EP0031An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during...
• RET inhibitor FHND5071An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during...
• RET inhibitor HS-10365An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during...
• RET inhibitor LOXO-260An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of fusion products and mutated forms of the proto-oncogene...
• RET inhibitor SY-5007An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during...
• RET inhibitor TAS0953/HM06An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of wild-type, fusion products and mutated forms of the...
• RET inhibitor TY-1091An orally bioavailable, selective, second-generation inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase...
• RET kinase inhibitor KL590586An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of fusion products and mutated forms of the proto-oncogene...
• RetacritA drug used to treat anemia caused by chronic kidney disease, some types of chemotherapy, and an antiviral...
• retaspimycin hydrochlorideThe hydrochloride salt of a small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) with antiproliferative...
• retchThe action of the stomach and esophagus to try to vomit (eject some or all of the contents of the stomach)...
• rete testisA network of small tubes in the testicle that helps move sperm cells (male reproductive cells) from the...
• RetevmoA drug used to treat certain types of non-small cell lung cancer in adults and certain types of thyroid...
• reticular dermisThe thick bottom layer of the dermis (the inner layer of the skin). The reticular dermis has blood vessels...
• retifanlimabA drug used to treat adults with Merkel cell carcinoma (a type of skin cancer) that has come back or has...
• retifanlimab-dlwrA proprietary humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface...
• retiform hemangioendotheliomaA rare, slow-growing tumor that usually forms on or under the skin of the arms, legs, and trunk. The tumor...
• Retin-AA topical preparation of tretinoin that is used to treat acne. Tretinoin is a form of vitamin A.
• retinaThe light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye that receive images and sends them as...
• Retin-A-MicroA topical preparation of tretinoin that is used to treat acne. Tretinoin is a form of vitamin A.
• retinoblastomaCancer that forms in the tissues of the retina (the light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the...
• retinoic acidA nutrient that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Retinoic acid is made in the...
• retinoic acid receptor alpha geneA gene that makes a protein that controls the activity of certain genes that help white blood cells mature...
• retinoidVitamin A or a vitamin A-like compound.
• retinoid 9cUAB30A synthetic analogue of 9-cis retinoic acid with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities...
• retinoid X receptor agonist IRX4204A second generation rexinoid and agonist of retinoid X receptor (RXR), with potential antineoplastic...
• retinolA nutrient that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Retinol helps in vision, bone...
• retinyl acetateA naturally-occurring fatty acid ester form of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and...
• retinyl palmitateA drug that is being studied in the prevention of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called retinoids.
• retlirafusp alfaA bifunctional fusion protein composed of an anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody...
• retracted nippleA nipple that turns inward into the breast or lies flat against the breast. A retracted nipple may be present...
• retromolar trigoneThe small area behind the wisdom teeth.
• retroperitonealHaving to do with the area outside or behind the peritoneum (the tissue that lines the abdominal wall and...
• retroperitoneumThe area in the back of the abdomen behind the peritoneum (the tissue that lines the abdominal wall and...
• retrospectiveLooking back at events that have already taken place.
• retrospective cohort studyA research study in which the medical records of groups of individuals who are alike in many ways but differ...
• retrospective studyA study that compares two groups of people: those with the disease or condition under study (cases) and a...
• retrovector encoding mutant anti-cyclin G1A replication-incompetent, pathotropic, tumor matrix (collagen)-targeted, retroviral vector encoding an...
• retroviral vectorRNA from a virus that is used to insert genetic material into cells.
• retrovirusA type of virus that has RNA instead of DNA as its genetic material. It uses an enzyme called reverse...
• retrovirus vector LNA gene transfer vector derived from the PG13/LN clone of the replication-defective retroviral vector.
• RET/SRC inhibitor TPX-0046An orally bioavailable selective dual inhibitor of fusions and mutations involving the proto-oncogene...
• reverse transcriptionIn biology, the process in cells by which an enzyme makes a copy of DNA from RNA. The enzyme that makes the...
• reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactionA laboratory method used to make many copies of a specific genetic sequence for analysis. It uses an enzyme...
• reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndromeA rare condition marked by headaches, vision problems, mental changes, seizures, and swelling in the brain...
• ReViaA drug that blocks the action of opiates (drugs used to treat pain). It may be used in the treatment of...
• RevlimidA drug that is similar to thalidomide and is used alone or with other drugs to treat adults with certain...
• RevM10 geneAn antiviral gene that is being studied in the treatment of cancer in patients who have HIV, the virus that...
• RevuforjA drug used to treat adults and children aged 1 year and older with acute leukemia that has a certain change...
• revumenib citrateA drug used to treat adults and children aged 1 year and older with acute leukemia that has a certain change...
• rexinoid NRX194204An orally bioavailable synthetic retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist with potential antineoplastic and...
• Reye syndromeA rare disease that damages the brain and liver and causes death if not treated. It occurs most often in...
• rezafunginA next-generation, semi-synthetic, cyclic lipopeptide and echinocandin derivative, with potential antifungal...
• RezlidhiaA drug used to treat adults with acute myeloid leukemia that has come back or has not gotten better with...
• rezvilutamideAn orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon...
• R-flurbiprofenA substance that is being studied as a treatment for cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called...
• RFSIn cancer, the length of time after primary treatment for a cancer ends that the patient survives without any...
• RFT5-dgA immunotoxinA monoclonal antibody linked to a toxic substance. It is being studied in the treatment of melanoma that has...
• rF-TRICOMA cancer vaccine made with a form of a chicken virus that does not cause disease in humans. It is being...
• RG7204A drug used to treat Erdheim-Chester disease (a very rare type of histiocytosis) and advanced melanoma that...
• RGD-modified COX-2 promoter-controlled conditionally replicative adenovirus RGDCRAdCox2FA conditionally replicative, oncolytic adenovirus type 5 (Ad5), with potential oncolytic activity...
• R-(-)-gossypol acetic acidThe orally bioavailable solvate of the R-(-) enantiomer of gossypol and acetic acid with potential...
• rhabdoid tumorA rare, fast-growing cancer that usually forms in the kidney or central nervous system (the brain and spinal...
• rhabdomyosarcomaCancer that forms in the soft tissues in a type of muscle called striated muscle. Rhabdomyosarcoma can occur...
• rhenium Re 186 etidronateAn synthetic compound containing the organic phosphonate hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate (HEDP) labeled with...
• rhenium Re 188A radioisotope with an atomic number of 75 and a half-life of 17 hours, with beta particle-emitting...
• rhenium Re 188 BMEDA-liposomeA liposome-based preparation consisting of the beta- and gamma-emitting radionuclide rhenium Re 188 (Re 188)...
• rhenium Re 188 ethiodized oilA rhenium (Re) 188 conjugate of ethiodized oil (lipiodol), an iodinated ethyl ester derived from poppy seed...
• rhenium Re 188 etidronateA synthetic compound containing the bisphosphonate etidronate (hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate, HEDP) labeled...

677 of 17,721 terms in Oncology and biomedicine terminology (MLC-0111). Request the full dataset.