olaparib

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ONC-006039",
  "term": "olaparib",
  "field": "Oncology and biomedicine",
  "definitions": [
    "A drug used alone or with other drugs to treat adults with certain types of prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, or ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Olaparib blocks an enzyme involved in many cell functions, including the repair of DNA damage. Blocking this enzyme may help keep cancer cells from repairing their damaged DNA, causing them to die. Olaparib is a type of PARP inhibitor. Also called AZD2281, Lynparza, and PARP inhibitor AZD2281.",
    "A small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential chemosensitizing, radiosensitizing, and antineoplastic activities. Olaparib selectively binds to and inhibits PARP, inhibiting PARP-mediated repair of single strand DNA breaks; PARP inhibition may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and may reverse tumor cell chemoresistance and radioresistance. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins and can be activated by single-stranded DNA breaks."
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    "AZD2281",
    "Lynparza",
    "PARP inhibitor AZD2281"
  ],
  "references": [
    "NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms",
    "National Cancer Institute Thesaurus"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/oncology/olaparib/"
}