Blast cell cooling with guided airflow

{
  "publication_number": "US10663210B1",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "B1",
  "title": "Blast cell cooling with guided airflow",
  "abstract": "A blast cell system is provided with simple and scalable designs that prevent short cycling of air flow through any pallets in blast cells. The blast cell includes a plurality of suction channels that provide independent fluid pathways for directing the air drawn from different rows in the blast cell into the fan.",
  "claims": [
    "1. An apparatus for cooling items, the apparatus comprising: a housing defining (i) a bay space, (ii) a plenum positioned above the bay space, (iii) a front air passage fluidly connecting a front end of the bay space to a front end of the plenum, and (iv) a rear air passage fluidly connecting a rear end of the bay space to a rear end of the plenum, wherein the bay space, the plenum, the front air passage, and the rear air passage collectively provide a closed-loop within which air is circulated within the housing, wherein the bay space includes a plurality of rows that are each configured to hold one or more pallets of items to be cooled; a fan positioned within the plenum and configured to circulate air through the closed-loop provided by the bay space in the housing, the fan operable to (i) pull the air from the rear end of the bay space, through the rear air passage, and into the rear end of the plenum, and (ii) discharge the air into the front end of the plenum, through the front air passage, and toward the front end of the bay space; and a plurality of channels arranged within the rear air passage, each of the plurality of channels defining a fluid pathway that (i) is fluidly separate from other fluid pathways provided by others of the plurality of channels and (ii) extends from a rear end of a corresponding row of the plurality of rows to the rear end of the plenum, the plurality of channels configured to, over their length, turn a direction of airflow from the rear end of the bay space to the rear end of the plenum.",
    "2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of channels each has a width that gradually becomes smaller from a drawing end adjacent the rear end of the bay space to an opposite discharging end adjacent the rear end of the plenum.",
    "3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a door configured to selectively open or close an entrance of the housing through which the items are moved into the bay space, the entrance including one or more surfaces that, at least in part, define the front air passage of the housing.",
    "4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of channels are arranged at different levels separated by at least one shelf in the bay space.",
    "5. The apparatus of claim 1, the apparatus is configured as a blast freezer.",
    "6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fan is a reversible fan configured to direct air in either of opposite directions within the closed-loop provided by the housing.",
    "7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a booster fan configured to direct air in a direction opposite to a direction of air circulated by the fan.",
    "8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of channels each has a drawing end adjacent the rear end of the bay space and a discharging end adjacent the rear end of the plenum, the discharging end having a narrower width than the drawing end.",
    "9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the plurality of channels includes one or more walls curved between the drawing end and the discharging end.",
    "10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fan is arranged to flow air from the rear end of the plenum toward the front end of the plenum.",
    "11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the plenum is arranged to be spaced apart from the bay space of the housing.",
    "12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the fan is arranged adjacent the rear end of the plenum.",
    "13. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: an air flow guide arranged at a corner of the housing and configured to streamline the air flow at the corner with reduced turbulence.",
    "14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the air flow guide includes a plurality of turning vanes configured to provide curved air passages at the corner.",
    "15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the air flow guide includes a ramp removably arranged within the front air passage via an entrance of the housing, the ramp configured to provide a surface along which the air flows.",
    "16. A method for cooling items, the method comprising: providing a plurality of rows in a bay space of a housing, each row configured to hold items to be cooled, the housing further defining (i) a plenum positioned above the bay space, (ii) a front air passage fluidly connecting a front end of the bay space to a front end of the plenum, and (iii) a rear air passage fluidly connecting a rear end of the bay space to a rear end of the plenum, wherein the bay space, the plenum, the front air passage, and the rear air passage collectively provide a closed-loop within which air is circulated within the housing; supplying air from an evaporator with a fan through the plenum, the fan being positioned in the plenum and configured to direct the air through the closed-loop provided by the bay space, the fan operable to (i) pull the air from the rear end of the bay space, through the rear air passage, and into the rear end of the plenum, and (ii) discharge the air into the front end of the plenum, through the front air passage, and toward the front end of the bay space; and drawing, with the fan, the air from the rear end of the bay space through fluid pathways defined by a plurality of channels, the plurality of channels arranged within the rear air passage and being in fluid communication with the plurality of rows, respectively, each of the plurality of channels defining a fluid pathway that (i) is fluidly separate from other fluid pathways provided by others of the plurality of channels and (ii) extends from a rear end of a corresponding row of the plurality of rows to the rear end of the plenum, the plurality of channels configured to, over their length, turn a direction of airflow from the rear end of the bay space to the rear end of the plenum.",
    "17. The method of claim 16, wherein the plurality of channels each has a drawing end adjacent the rear end of the bay space and a discharging end adjacent the rear end of the plenum, the discharging end having a narrower width than the drawing end.",
    "18. The method of claim 16, wherein the plurality of channels each has a width that gradually becomes smaller from a drawing end adjacent the rear end of the bay space to an opposite discharging end adjacent the rear end of the plenum.",
    "19. The method of claim 18, wherein the plurality of channels includes one or more walls curved between the drawing end and the discharging end.",
    "20. The method of claim 16, further comprising: directing the air through an air flow guide positioned in either front air passage or the rear air passage.",
    "21. The method of claim 20, wherein the air flow guide includes a plurality of turning vanes configured to provide curved air passages at a corner in the housing.",
    "22. An apparatus for cooling items, the apparatus comprising: a plurality of cells arranged side-by-side, each cell comprising: a housing defining (i) a bay space, (ii) a plenum positioned above the bay space, (iii) a front air passage fluidly connecting a front end of the bay space to a front end of the plenum, and (iv) a rear air passage fluidly connecting a rear end of the bay space to a rear end of the plenum, wherein the bay space, the plenum, the front air passage, and the rear air passage collectively provide a closed-loop within which air is circulated within the housing, wherein the bay space includes a plurality of sections that are each configured to hold items to be cooled; a fan positioned within the plenum and adjacent the rear end of the plenum, the fan configured to circulate air through closed-loop provided by the bay space in the housing, the fan operable to (i) pull the air from the rear end of the bay space, through the rear air passage, and into the rear end of the plenum, and (ii) supply the air through the plenum into the front end of the plenum, through the front air passage, and toward the front end of the bay space; and a plurality of section channels arranged within the rear air passage, the plurality of section channels being in fluid communication with the plurality of bay sections, respectively, each of the plurality of channels defining a fluid pathway that (i) is fluidly separate from other fluid pathways provided by others of the plurality of channels and (ii) extends from a rear end of a corresponding row of the plurality of rows to the rear end of the plenum, the plurality of channels configured to, over their length, turn a direction of airflow from the rear end of the bay space to the rear end of the plenum.",
    "23. The apparatus of claim 22, further comprising: an evaporator configured to cool the air upstream the fan."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "This specification relates to technology for efficiently cooling physical items in a blast cell.\n\nConvective air blast freezing is a process by which freezing of items like foodstuffs is facilitated by flowing very cold air over the items via mechanical force. Such air blast freezing can be typically used for very large volumes of goods that are carried on pallets. Airflow of thousands of cubic feet per minute (CFM) can be used for freezing. Blast freezing is typically used on perishable foods (e.g., fruits and meats) geographically near their point of initial food processing. Such goods may then be stored for a short or long period in frozen warehouse, and then shipped to a point close to their use, such as to a grocery store or a warehouse operated by a particular grocer.\n\nSuch food decays largely because it includes water, which when not frozen, is a hospitable environment for bacteria and other pathogens. Blast freezing can prevent this process and thus is employed broadly in the food distribution industry. Blast freezing can be a large and expensive consumer of electricity, natural gas, or other mechanisms needed to operate chillers, fans, and other equipment required to perform such large-scale cooling.\n\nThis document generally describes technology for cooling of items such as perishable foodstuffs. Some embodiments described herein include an item cooling system for blast freezing items. Some examples of the system include a blast cell system having one or more blast cells.",
  "cpc": [
    "F25D 17/06",
    "B65G 1/02",
    "F25D 13/02",
    "F25D 17/005",
    "F25D 17/067",
    "F25D 2317/063",
    "F25D 2317/067",
    "F25D 2317/0682",
    "F25D 2317/0684",
    "F25D 2400/28",
    "F25D 2400/30",
    "F25D 2500/02"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "F25D 17/00",
    "F25D 17/06"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "Lineage Logistics LLC"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "Alexander Ming Zhang"
  ],
  "filing_date": "2019-06-26",
  "publication_date": "2020-05-26",
  "grant_date": "2020-05-26",
  "priority_date": "2019-06-26",
  "application_number": "US-201916453834-A",
  "family_id": "70775131",
  "cited_by_count": 10,
  "citations": [
    "US5826432A",
    "US6128911A",
    "US20110107784A1",
    "US20180320949A1"
  ]
}