Automated blood analysis system with an integral centrifuge

{
  "publication_number": "US5578269A",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "A",
  "title": "Automated blood analysis system with an integral centrifuge",
  "abstract": "A blood analysis system or instrument, generally, including an incubator station, a sample and reagent holding station, a pipette assembly, a centrifuge, an analysis station, and a transport assembly. Generally, the incubation station holds containers while reagents and fluids are being dispensed in those containers, and, if desired, for incubating the containers. The sample and reagent holding station holds samples and a plurality of reagents, and the pipette assembly transfers fluids from that sample and reagent holding station to containers in the incubation station. The centrifuge is provided for centrifuging the container, and the analysis station is provided to analyze the containers optically to identify reactions therein. The transport assembly carries the containers between the incubator station, the centrifuge, and the analysis station. Preferably, the pipette assembly is automatically operated to draw fluids and preselected reagents from the sample and reagent holding station, and to dispense fluids into the containers held in the incubation station to produce predetermined solutions therein. Also, the transport subassembly is automatically operated to carry containers from the incubator station to the centrifuge after the predetermined solutions have been produced in the containers, and then to carry the containers from the centrifuge to the analysis station.",
  "claims": [
    "1. An automated analysis system for analyzing aqueous solutions, comprising: an incubator station for holding and incubating a plurality of containers; a sample station for holding a plurality of samples of aqueous solutions; a reagent station for holding a plurality of reagents; a pipette assembly for drawing aqueous solutions from the sample station, for drawing reagents from the reagent stations and for dispensing aqueous solutions and reagents into the containers at the incubator station; a centrifuge for centrifuging the containers; an analysis station for analyzing the containers to identify reactions therein; and a transport assembly for transporting the containers between the incubator station, the centrifuge, and the analysis station; wherein the centrifuge includes: a rotor including a rotatable body and a plurality of arms connected to and radially extending outward from the body; motor means connected to the rotor to rotate the rotor; and a plurality of container mounting brackets connected to the arms of the rotor, and forming container receiving means to hold the container on the rotor for rotary movement therewith and for pivotal movement relative to the arms of the rotor, wherein each of the mounting brackets is mounted on a respective one of the rotor arms and includes i) a left side member, ii) a right side member, iii) means pivotally mounting the left and right side members on opposite lateral sides of the respective one of the rotor arms, and iv) means connecting the left and right side members together for pivotal movement together, wherein said container receiving means are formed by adjacent left and right side members of each pair of adjacent mounting brackets.",
    "2. An analysis system according to claim 1, wherein: said means pivotally mounting the left and right side members on the respective one of the rotor arm includes a mounting rod positioned on said respective one of the rotor arms; the mounting rod includes first and second ends laterally extending past the said one rotor arm; the left side member is mounted on the first end of the mounting rod; and the right side member is mounted on the second end of the mounting rod.",
    "3. An analysis system according to claim 2, wherein said means pivotally mounting the left and right side members on said one rotor arm further includes a retaining member releasably connected to said respective one of rotor arms and extending over the mounting rod to hold the mounting rod on said rotor arm."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 075,303, filed Jun. 11, 1993, now abandoned.\n\nThis invention generally relates to systems and methods for analyzing solutions such as blood samples, and more specifically, to such systems and methods that analyze blood samples by detecting and quantifying agglutinates formed in those samples in response to immunological reactions. Even more particularly, the invention relates to an automated system and method for analyzing blood samples in this way.\n\nImmunological agglutination reactions are used for identifying various kinds of blood types and for detecting various kinds of antibodies and antigens in blood samples and other aqueous solutions. In a conventional procedure, a sample of red blood cells is mixed with serum or plasma in test tubes or microplates, and the mixture may then be incubated and centrifuged. Various reactions either occur or do not occur depending on, for example, the blood type of the red blood cells or whether certain antibodies are present in the blood sample. Typically, these reactions manifest themselves as clumps of cells or particles with antigens or antibodies on their surfaces, referred to as agglutinates. Thus, the absence of any such clumps indicates that no reaction has occurred; and the presence of such clumps indicates that a reaction has occurred, with the size and amount of such clumps being a quantitative indicator of the level or concentration in the sample, or an indicator of the reaction strength, affinity of the complex for which the blood sample was tested.",
  "cpc": [
    "G01N 35/025",
    "G01N 2035/00495",
    "G01N 2035/00752",
    "G01N 2035/0449",
    "G01N 2035/0455",
    "G01N 2035/0465",
    "G01N 2035/1025",
    "G01N 35/1079",
    "Y10T 436/11",
    "Y10T 436/111666",
    "Y10T 436/113332",
    "Y10T 436/114165",
    "Y10T 436/114998",
    "Y10T 436/25375",
    "Y10T 436/2575"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "G01N 35/02"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "Ortho Diagnostic Systems Inc"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "Mykola Yaremko",
    "Rosemary Chachowski",
    "Marcel Frischknecht",
    "Gregor Batliner",
    "Linus Flueler",
    "Marco Forster",
    "Martin Gander",
    "Beat Gretener",
    "Walter Imfeld",
    "Hansjoerg Kunz",
    "Martin Kuster",
    "Karl Puchegger"
  ],
  "filing_date": "1993-12-08",
  "publication_date": "1996-11-26",
  "grant_date": "1996-11-26",
  "priority_date": "1993-06-11",
  "application_number": "US-16399793-A",
  "family_id": "22124830",
  "cited_by_count": 324,
  "citations": [
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  ]
}