Methods and systems for automated analysis of aerosol sampling filters

{
  "publication_number": "US12352672B2",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "B2",
  "title": "Methods and systems for automated analysis of aerosol sampling filters",
  "abstract": "Disclosed are methods and systems for implementing an automated air quality analysis system. The system includes: a sealed enclosure, a filter sample analysis system disposed within the sealed enclosure, and a controller operably coupled with the filter sample analysis system. The filter sample analysis system includes: an automated filter management system with filter samples and an articulating robotic arm which selects the filter sample for analysis, a filter weighing apparatus for weighting of the filter sample, and a primary chemical analysis apparatus for performing electromagnetic energy spectroscopy measurement on the filter sample. The controller operates the automated filter management system to transport the filter sample to the filter weighing apparatus and the primary chemical analysis apparatus, obtains data from the filter sample analysis system, and determines the type and amount of accumulated mass in the sample based on the weight and the spectroscopy measurement result.",
  "claims": [
    "1. An automated air quality analysis system comprising: a sealed enclosure; a filter sample analysis system disposed within the sealed enclosure, the filter sample analysis system comprising: an automated filter management system including a filter storage rack comprising a plurality of filter samples and an articulating robotic arm configured to select one of the filter samples for analysis, a filter weighing apparatus configured to determine a weight of the selected filter sample, and a primary chemical analysis apparatus configured to perform electromagnetic energy spectroscopy measurement on the selected filter sample; and a controller operably coupled with the filter sample analysis system, the controller configured to: operate the automated filter management system to transport the selected filter sample to the filter weighing apparatus and the primary chemical analysis apparatus via a transport tray comprising a slot in which the selected filter sample is disposed for transport and a cartridge holder configured to hold a sampling cartridge associated with the selected filter sample for identification, obtain data from the filter sample analysis system, and determine type and amount of accumulated mass in the selected sample based on the weight and a result of the electromagnetic energy spectroscopy measurement.",
    "2. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 1, wherein the robotic arm is configured to transport the selected filter sample from the filter storage rack to at least one of the filter weighing apparatus and the primary chemical analysis apparatus and subsequently return the selected filter sample to the filter storage rack.",
    "3. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 2, wherein: the primary chemical analysis apparatus is configured to perform optical absorption spectroscopy measurement on the selected filter sample, and the filter sample analysis system further comprises a secondary chemical analysis apparatus configured to perform atomic emission spectroscopy measurement on the selected filter sample.",
    "4. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 3, wherein the filter sample analysis system further comprises a tertiary chemical analysis apparatus configured to perform atomic absorption spectroscopy measurement on the selected filter sample.",
    "5. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 4, wherein the robotic arm is configured to transport the selected filter sample to the secondary and tertiary chemical analysis apparatuses before returning the selected filter sample to the filter storage rack.",
    "6. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to determine the type of the accumulated mass in the selected sample based on results of the optical emission spectroscopy measurement, the atomic emission spectroscopy measurement, and the atomic absorption spectroscopy measurement.",
    "7. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 4, wherein the primary, secondary, and tertiary chemical analysis apparatuses are located in different sections within the sealed enclosure within reach of the robotic arm.",
    "8. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 1, wherein the sampling cartridge includes an identification code for uniquely identifying and tracking the selected filter sample from among the plurality of filter samples.",
    "9. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 8, wherein the filter sample analysis system further comprises a scanner configured to scan the identification code, and the controller is configured to determine an identity of the selected filter sample based on the scanned identification code and associate the determined type and amount of the accumulated mass with the identity of the selected sample.",
    "10. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 9, wherein the filter sample analysis system further comprises a camera configured to record image data of the selected filter sample for at least one of: sample traceability, quality assurance, or damage detection.",
    "11. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 9, wherein the controller is configured to record and manage the data obtained from the filter sample analysis system in a memory unit based on the scanned identification code.",
    "12. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 1, wherein a diameter of the selected filter sample is greater than a diameter of the slot.",
    "13. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 12, wherein the filter weighing apparatus comprises a weighing pan onto which the selected filter sample is positioned, and the diameter of the slot is greater than a diameter of the weighing pan.",
    "14. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 13, wherein the weighing pan is detachable and selectable from a plurality of weighing pans with different diameters to accommodate the diameter of the selected filter sample.",
    "15. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 13, wherein the filter weighing apparatus further comprises a radiation source configured to remove static charge from the selected filter sample before positioned on the weighing pan.",
    "16. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 13, wherein the filter weighing apparatus further comprises a draft shield configured to facilitate reducing an effect of air currents within the sealed enclosure on the determined weight of the selected filter sample.",
    "17. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 1, further comprising an environmental control system disposed within the sealed enclosure and comprising a fan, a humidifier/dehumidifier, and a particle filter, wherein the controller is operably coupled with the environmental control system to control humidity and reduce free-floating particles within the sealed enclosure.",
    "18. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 17, wherein the humidifier/dehumidifier includes a chamber storing therein a saturated salt solution which maintains a predetermined level of humidity within the chamber.",
    "19. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 17, wherein the environmental control system further includes a temperature regulation device to control a temperature within the sealed enclosure.",
    "20. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 1, further comprising a data network operatively coupled with at least one of the controller or the filter sample analysis system for wired or wireless data communication.",
    "21. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 1, wherein the robotic arm is a six-axis articulating robotic arm.",
    "22. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 1, wherein the robotic arm includes a plurality of distally extending holders via which the selected filter sample is transported.",
    "23. The automated air quality analysis system of claim 22, wherein the holders are magnetically attached to a head portion of the robotic arm.",
    "24. A method of operating a filter sample analysis system, comprising: selecting, by a controller, a filter sample to analyze; operating, by the controller, an automated filter management system to transport the selected filter sample to a filter weighing apparatus and a primary chemical analysis apparatus via a transport tray comprising a slot in which the selected filter sample is disposed for transport and a cartridge holder configured to hold a sampling cartridge associated with the selected filter sample for identification; determining, by the filter weighing apparatus, a weight of the selected filter sample; performing, by the primary chemical analysis apparatus, electromagnetic energy spectroscopy measurement; and determining, by the controller, type and amount of accumulated mass in the selected sample based on the weight and a result of the electromagnetic energy spectroscopy measurement.",
    "25. The method of claim 24, further comprising: transporting, by a robotic arm of the automated filter management system, the selected filter sample from a filter storage rack to at least one of the filter weighing apparatus and the primary chemical analysis apparatus; and returning, by the robotic arm, the selected filter sample to the filter storage rack.",
    "26. The method of claim 25, further comprising: performing, by the primary chemical analysis apparatus, optical absorption spectroscopy measurement on the selected filter sample; and performing, by a secondary chemical analysis apparatus, atomic emission spectroscopy measurement on the selected filter sample.",
    "27. The method of claim 26, further comprising: performing, by a tertiary chemical analysis apparatus, atomic absorption spectroscopy measurement on the selected filter sample.",
    "28. The method of claim 27, further comprising: transporting, by the robotic arm, the selected filter sample to the secondary and tertiary chemical analysis apparatuses before returning the selected filter sample to the filter storage rack.",
    "29. The method of claim 28, further comprising: determining, by the controller, the type of the accumulated mass in the selected sample based on results of the optical emission spectroscopy measurement, the atomic emission spectroscopy measurement, and the atomic absorption spectroscopy measurement.",
    "30. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing thereon instructions which, when executed by a processor of the controller, causes the processor to perform the method according to claim 24.",
    "31. An automated air quality analysis system comprising: a sealed enclosure; a filter sample analysis system disposed within the sealed enclosure, the filter sample analysis system comprising: an automated filter management system including a filter storage rack comprising a plurality of filter samples and an articulating robotic arm configured to select one of the filter samples for analysis, a filter weighing apparatus configured to determine a weight of the selected filter sample, a primary chemical analysis apparatus configured to perform optical absorption spectroscopy measurement on the selected filter sample, and a secondary chemical analysis apparatus configured to perform atomic emission spectroscopy measurement on the selected filter sample; and a controller operably coupled with the filter sample analysis system, the controller configured to: operate the automated filter management system to transport using the robotic arm the selected filter sample to the filter weighing apparatus, the primary chemical analysis apparatus, and the secondary chemical analysis apparatus and subsequently return the selected filter sample to the filter storage rack, obtain data from the filter sample analysis system, and determine type and amount of accumulated mass in the selected sample based on the weight and a result of the electromagnetic energy spectroscopy measurement."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "This invention was made with government support under grant K01 OH011598 and R01 OH011660 awarded by Centers for Disease Control, and grant 80NSSC18M0120 awarded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The government has certain rights in the invention.\n\nThe devices and methods described herein generally relate to the automated robotic analysis of samples, in particular samples of aerosol filters.\n\nExposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is the leading environmental risk factor for premature disease and death on the planet. The gold-standard method for determination of PM mass concentrations is gravimetric analysis of air sampling filters. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) describes gravimetric analysis as the sole Federal Reference Method for the determination of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations (particles with aerodynamic diameters≤2.5 μm and 10 μm, respectively) in air; this method is then used to establish equivalence for all other methods (e.g., light-scattering, beta-attenuation). Unfortunately, gravimetric filter analysis is tedious and prone to bias or imprecision unless strict quality control procedures are employed.\n\nGravimetric analysis requires quantifying the mass of PM accumulated on an air sampling filter, for example by weighing the filter on an analytic microbalance before and after a timed air sample is collected at a pre-determined flow rate. Precise measurements are needed because the differential mass (of accumulated PM) is often small compared to the total filter mass.",
  "cpc": [
    "G01N 1/2273",
    "B25J 9/1679",
    "G01N 1/2205",
    "G01N 15/0618",
    "G01N 2015/0046",
    "G01N 2035/00039",
    "G01N 2035/00831",
    "G01N 2035/00841",
    "G01N 21/31",
    "G01N 21/3518",
    "G01N 21/71",
    "G01N 35/00029",
    "G01N 35/0099",
    "G01N 5/02",
    "G05B 2219/45063"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "B25J 9/16",
    "G01N 1/22",
    "G01N 21/3518"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "Colorado State University Research Foundation"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "John Volckens",
    "Christian L'Orange",
    "Gabriel Neymark",
    "Ellison Carter"
  ],
  "filing_date": "2022-02-11",
  "publication_date": "2025-07-08",
  "grant_date": "2025-07-08",
  "priority_date": "2021-02-12",
  "application_number": "US-202217670204-A",
  "family_id": "82801145",
  "cited_by_count": 0,
  "citations": [
    "US6736017B2",
    "US20140044237A1",
    "CN109856025A"
  ]
}