Antenna pane with antenna element protected from environmental moisture effects

{
  "publication_number": "US5760744A",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "A",
  "title": "Antenna pane with antenna element protected from environmental moisture effects",
  "abstract": "A laminated antenna pane is provided with an antenna element for the reception of high-frequency electromagnetic waves (in the gigahertz range), and of a counter-electrode connected to earth. The antenna element is disposed on the outwardly orientated face of the inner sheet, inside the pane, while the counter-electrode is situated on the opposite face of the inner sheet. A layer of air is between the antenna element and the inwardly oriented face of the outer sheet of the laminated antenna pane to prevent any perturbation of the antenna signal due to humidity on the exterior of the antenna pane.",
  "claims": [
    "1. An antenna pane comprising: an antenna element on an outwardly oriented face of a first flat dielectric element; a counter-electrode connected to earth and situated on a face of the first flat dielectric element directed opposite to the outwardly oriented face of the first flat dielectric element; a second dielectric portion having a dielectric constant or relative permittivity lower than that of glass, said second dielectric portion being disposed between the antenna element and an outer face of the antenna pane; and wherein the second dielectric potion comprises a gas layer, said gas being provided to at least in part separate the antenna element from an inwardly oriented face of an exterior glass sheet forming at least a part of the antenna pane.",
    "2. The antenna pane according to claim 1, wherein the first flat dielectric element comprises an interior sheet of glass which is joined to the exterior sheet of glass by means of a thermoplastic sheet, and further wherein the gas layer is formed in a hollow region in the thermoplastic sheet between the interior and exterior glass sheets.",
    "3. The antenna pane according to claim 2, wherein the antenna element is inside the hollow region of the thermoplastic sheet, and in that it is placed on a outwardly oriented face of the interior glass sheet.",
    "4. The antenna pane according to claim 3, wherein the layer of gas comprises a foam including at least 95% air or another gas.",
    "5. The antenna pane according to claim 2, wherein the antenna element is placed on a inwardly orientated face of the interior glass sheet.",
    "6. The antenna pane according to claim 5, wherein the layer of gas comprises a foam including at least 95% air or another gas.",
    "7. The antenna pane according to claim 1, wherein, the layer of gas is formed between the antenna element and an inner face of the inner glass sheet by means of a spacer.",
    "8. The antenna pane according to claim 7, wherein the spacer has a U-shaped section and is joined to the glass sheet by means of an adhesive, and wherein the antenna element, the dielectric element, and the counter-electrode are placed on a face of the spacer oriented towards the glass sheet.",
    "9. The antenna pane according to claim 8, wherein the layer of gas comprises a foam including at least 95% air or another gas.",
    "10. The antenna pane according to claim 7, wherein the layer of gas comprises a foam including at least 95% air or another gas.",
    "11. The antenna pane according to claim 1, wherein the layer of gas comprises a foam including at least 95% air or another gas.",
    "12. Thye antenna pane according to claim 2, wherein the layer of gas is formed between the antenna element and an inner face of the glass sheet by means of a spacer.",
    "13. The antenna pane according to claim 2, wherein the layer of gas comprises a foam including at least 95% air or another gas.",
    "14. A method of making an antenna pane having at least two glass sheets, an intermediate thermoplastic sheet and an antenna structure including at least an antenna element and a counter-electrode, comprising: hollowing out a region of the thermoplastic sheet; forming a hole through at least one of the glass sheets; assembling the thermoplastic sheet and the two glass sheets together to hold at least the antenna element in the hollowed out region of the thermoplastic sheet, said hollowed out region being in alignment with the hole formed through at least one of the glass sheets; using heat and pressure to secure the two glass sheets together with the thermoplastic sheet having the hollowed out region aligned with the hole in the at least one glass sheet."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "1. Field of the Invention\n\nThis invention deals with an antenna pane composed of an antenna element and a counter-electrode connected to earth. The antenna element is situated on the face towards the outside of the first flat dielectric, within the pane, while the counter-electrode is situated on the opposite face of this first dielectric. A second dielectric, having a dielectric constant (or permittivity) less than that of glass, is disposed between the antenna element and the outer face of the antenna pane.\n\n2. Discussion of Background\n\nThis type of antenna is suitable for the transmission or reception of radio waves in the microwave range, with frequencies greater than 300 MHZ. They may be used as fixed antennas or for vehicles, in particular for radio-telephone communication s of the digital network, for digital radio communications by satellite, or as receiving antenna for remote detection systems by satellite, such as the GPS (Global Position System), which enables the position of a vehicle to be localized, wherever it may be. So that they may function correctly, it is necessary to limit their activity to a narrow frequency band and regulate them with great accuracy. They must also be able to maintain this capacity when the environment is a source of parasitic emissions. This is why it is appropriate to keep them clean and also to protect them from external perturbation or attentuation factors.",
  "cpc": [
    "B32B 17/10761",
    "B32B 17/10036",
    "H01Q 1/1271",
    "H01Q 9/0407",
    "Y10T 29/49016"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "B32B 17/10",
    "H01Q 1/12",
    "H01Q 1/32",
    "H01Q 9/04"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "Saint Gobain Vitrage SA"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "Gerd Sauer"
  ],
  "filing_date": "1995-06-15",
  "publication_date": "1998-06-02",
  "grant_date": "1998-06-02",
  "priority_date": "1994-06-15",
  "application_number": "US-59613696-A",
  "family_id": "6520642",
  "cited_by_count": 138,
  "citations": [
    "US3987449A",
    "US4401988A",
    "US4415900A",
    "US4633262A",
    "US5097270A",
    "US5382959A",
    "US5307076A",
    "US5448250A",
    "US5534879A",
    "US5528314A"
  ]
}