Router bit and routing method

{
  "publication_number": "US5899252A",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "A",
  "title": "Router bit and routing method",
  "abstract": "A router bit and method for cutting predetermined configurations in a workpiece. The router bit includes a body portion having an axis of rotation, a radial extent about the axis, and a longitudinal extent, and a shank member includes a shank to be retained in the rotating machine, with the shank extending along the axis and being formed integrally with the body. A first pair of cutter elements are mounted on the body diametrically opposed to each other, and each of the first pair of cutter elements has a cutting edge which extends generally radially. A second pair of cutter elements is mounted on the body in generally diametrically opposed relation to each other and circumferentially spaced from the first pair of cutter elements, and each of the second pair of cutter elements has a cutting edge extending generally longitudinally. The first pair of cutter elements each have a hook angle and a positive shear angle, and the second pair of cutter elements each have a hook angle and shear angle in a range from zero to negative.",
  "claims": [
    "1. A router bit for use in a routing machine for cutting predetermined configurations in a workpiece, comprising: a body portion having an axis of rotation, a radial extent about said axis, and an axial extent; a shank member for retaining engagement in the rotating machine, said shank member extending generally along said axis and being formed integrally with said body portion; a first pair of cutter elements mounted on said body in generally diametrically opposed relation to each other, said first pair of cutter elements each having a cutting edge extending generally radially; a second pair of cutter elements mounted on said body in generally diametrically opposed relation to each other and circumferentially spaced from said first pair of cutter elements, said second pair of cutter elements each having a cutting edge extending generally axially; said first pair of cutter elements each having a hook angle in the range of approximately 5° to 15° and a positive shear angle in the range of approximately 20° to 30°; and said second pair of cutter elements each having a hook angle in the range of approximately 15° to 25° and a shear angle in the range of approximately 0° to -30°.",
    "2. The router bit of claim 1, wherein said hook angle of each of said first pair of cutter elements is positive, and said hook angle of each of said second pair of cutter elements is positive and greater than said hook angle of said first cutter elements.",
    "3. The router bit of claim 1, wherein said first pair of cutter elements each have a generally axially extending cutting edge portion.",
    "4. The router bit of claim 1, wherein said generally axially extending cutting edge portions of said second pair of cutter elements are each positioned further radially outward than said first pair of cutter elements.",
    "5. The router bit of claim 4, wherein said generally axially extending cutting edges on said second pair of cutter elements extend radially outward 0.15 millimeters further than said first pair of cutter elements.",
    "6. The router bit of claim 3, wherein said generally axially extending cutting edge portions of said first pair of cutter elements each have a radially outermost point and a radially inward portion sloping radially inwardly from said outermost point along a predetermined contour.",
    "7. The router bit of claim 1, further including guide means for guiding the workpiece in relation to said first pair of cutter elements and said second pair of cutter elements.",
    "8. The router bit of claim 1, wherein each of said first pair of cutter elements is relatively larger than each of said second pair of cutter elements.",
    "9. The router bit of claim 7, wherein said first pair of cutter elements each have a hook angle of approximately 10° and a shear angle of approximately 25°, and said second pair of cutter elements each have a hook angle of approximately 20° and a shear angle of approximately -25°.",
    "10. A router bit for use in a routing machine for cutting predetermined configurations in a workpiece, comprising: body portion having an axis of rotation, a radial extent about said axis, and an axial extent; a shank member for retaining engagement in the rotating machine said shank member extending generally along said axis and being formed integrally with said body portion; a pair of relatively large cutter elements mounted on said body in generally diametrically opposed relation to each other; a pair of relatively small cutter elements mounted on said body in generally diametrically opposed relation to each other and circumferentially spaced from said relatively large cutter elements, said relatively small cutter elements each having a generally axially extending cutting edge portion; said relatively large cutter elements each having a hook angle and a positive shear angle; and said relatively small cutter elements each having a hook angle and a shear angle in a range from zero to negative.",
    "11. The router bit of claim 10, wherein said hook angle of each of said relatively large cutter elements is positive, and said hook angle of each of said relatively small cutter elements is positive and greater than said hook angle of said relatively large cutter elements.",
    "12. The router bit of claim 10, wherein said relatively large cutter elements each have a generally radially extending cutting edge portion.",
    "13. The router bit of claim 10, wherein said relatively large cutter elements each have a generally axially extending cutting edge portion.",
    "14. The router bit of claim 1, wherein said relatively small cutter elements extend radially outward from said axis further than said relatively large cutter elements.",
    "15. The router bit of claim 1, wherein said generally axially extending cutting edges on said relatively small cutter elements extend radially outward 0.15 millimeters further than said relatively large cutter elements.",
    "16. The router bit of claim 12, wherein said generally axially extending cutting edge portions of said relatively large cutter elements each have a radially outermost point and a radially inward portion sloping radially inwardly from said outermost point along a predetermined contour.",
    "17. The router bit of claim 1, further including means for guiding the workpiece in relation to said large cutter elements and said cutter elements.",
    "18. The router bit of claim 10, wherein said relatively large cutter elements each have a hook angle in the range of approximately 5° to 15° and a shear angle in the range of approximately 20° to 30°, and said relatively small cutter elements each have a hook angle in the range of approximately 15° to 25° and a shear angle in the range of approximately 0° to -30°.",
    "19. The router bit of claim 10, wherein said relatively large cutter elements each have a hook angle of approximately 10° and a shear angle of approximately 25°, and said relatively small cutter elements each have a hook angle of approximately 20° and a shear angle of approximately -25°.",
    "20. A method of cutting a predetermined configuration in a workpiece with a router tool, the configuration including a first portion extending generally parallel to a major surface of the workpiece and a second portion connected with said first portion and extending generally perpendicular to the major surface of the workpiece, the method comprising the steps of: providing a router bit having an axis of rotation and a body portion having a radial extent about the axis; rotating the router bit about the axis of rotation; positioning a first pair of cutter elements on the body portion to travel in a perpendicular path about the axis that will cut the first portion of the configuration; positioning a second pair of cutter elements on the body portion circumferentially spaced from the first pair of cutter elements and to travel in a predetermined path about the axis that will cut the second portion of the configuration; and guiding the workpiece against the cutter elements for cutting of the configuration in the workpiece.",
    "21. The method of claim 20, wherein the step of positioning the second pair of cutter elements includes orienting the second pair of cutter elements with a shear angle in a range from zero to negative.",
    "22. The method of claim 20, wherein the step of positioning the first pair of cutter elements includes orienting the first pair of cutter elements with a positive hook angle and a positive shear angle, and the step of positioning the second pair of cutter elements includes orienting the second pair of cutter elements with a positive hook angle.",
    "23. The method of claim 20, wherein the router bit is rotated at a speed in the range of approximately 8,000 to 24,000 rpm.",
    "24. The method of claim 20, wherein the router bit is rotated with a power in the range of approximately 1.0 to 3.25 horsepower."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "The present invention relates generally to router bits for routing predetermined configurations in a workpiece and, more particularly, to a router bit which has two pairs of cutter elements for smoothly and precisely cutting the predetermined configurations while leaving a smooth surface.\n\nRouter bits have long been used for cutting various configurations, such as a bevel or straight-sided groove, in workpieces composed of wood or other appropriate materials. Router bits have also been used to cut more complicated configurations, such as those involved in forming a raised panel, as shown in Witt U.S. Pat. No. 4,844,1350. However, these complicated configurations typically require that cuts be made in a workpiece so as to form cut surfaces which have a varied angular and/or curved profile, with the profile extending both parallel to the major surface of the workpiece and also perpendicular to such surface. The \"ooge\" or S-shaped pattern is typical of such configurations formed in, among other components, raised panels.\n\nPrevious router bits have typically not been able to cut such complicated configurations so as to leave smooth and precisely formed cut surfaces. Moreover, when routing a raised panel edge on all four edges of a wooden panel, routing operations on two of the edges will typically involve the cutting of end grain. It has long been recognized that cutting of end grain presents particular challenges in that wood fibers in this orientation have the greatest ability to resist cutting, yet are likely to splinter, and the cutting of end grain is therefore ordinarily difficult at best.",
  "cpc": [
    "B23C 3/126",
    "B27C 5/02",
    "B27G 13/12"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "B23C 3/12",
    "B27C 5/02",
    "B27G 13/12"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "Freud America Inc"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "Piergiorgio Pozzo"
  ],
  "filing_date": "1997-07-18",
  "publication_date": "1999-05-04",
  "grant_date": "1999-05-04",
  "priority_date": "1997-07-18",
  "application_number": "US-89657897-A",
  "family_id": "25406439",
  "cited_by_count": 47,
  "citations": [
    "US1748767A",
    "US4844135A",
    "US5615918A"
  ]
}