Cancer

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-004037",
  "term": "Cancer",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "1. A disease of heritable, somatic mutations affecting cell growth and differentiation, characterized by an abnormal, uncontrolled growth of cells.\n\n2. A disease characterized by the rapid and uncontrolled growth of aberrant cells into malignant tumors.\n\n3. A group of related diseases characterized by group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells.\n\n4. A disease of heritable, somatic mutations affecting cell growth and differentiation, characterized by abnormal, uncontrolled growth of cells.\n\n5. Diseases in which abnormal cells divide and grow unchecked. Cancer can spread from its original site to other parts of the body and can be fatal.\n\n6. A term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control. Cancer cells can invade nearby tissues and can spread through the bloodstream and lymphatic system to other parts of the body. There are several main types of cancer. Carcinoma is cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. Sarcoma is cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia is cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the bloodstream. Lymphoma is cancer that begins in the cells of the immune system.\n\n7. Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. Cancer begins when a single cell mutates, resulting in a breakdown of the normal regulatory controls that keep cell division in check. These mutations can be inherited, caused by errors in DNA replication, or result from exposure to harmful chemicals. A cancerous tumor can spread to other parts of the body and, if left untreated, be fatal.\n\n8. A tumor composed of atypical neoplastic, often pleomorphic cells that invade other tissues. Malignant neoplasms often metastasize to distant anatomic sites and may recur after excision. The most common malignant neoplasms are carcinomas (adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas), Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, leukemias, melanomas, and sarcomas.\n\n9. A term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Malignant cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. There are several main types of malignancy. Carcinoma is a malignancy that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. Sarcoma is a malignancy that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia is a malignancy that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Lymphoma and multiple myeloma are malignancies that begin in the cells of the immune system. Central nervous system cancers are malignancies that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord.\n\n10. Cancer (excluding skin cancer) prevalence among adults aged 18 or older. This data is available at the Census tract level; the same tract value is then assigned to all sub block groups.",
  "subject": "Health and safety",
  "references": [
    "Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Glossary",
    "Drinking Water Technical & Legal Terms",
    "Improving Air Quality in Your Community Glossary",
    "Community-Based Air Pollution Projects Glossary",
    "U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Human Genome Project Information, Genome Glossary",
    "NIH Genetics Home Reference Glossary",
    "National Cancer Institute Thesaurus",
    "National Cancer Institute Glossary",
    "CDC Places Data"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/cancer/"
}