Chronic Exposure

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-004987",
  "term": "Chronic Exposure",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "1. Contact with a substance that occurs over a long time (more than 1 year) [compare with acute exposure]\n\n2. Repeated exposure by the oral, dermal, or inhalation route for more than approximately 10% of the life span in humans (more than approximately 90 days to 2 years in typically used laboratory animal species).\n\n3. Long-term, low-level exposure to a toxic chemical.\n\n4. Continuous or repeated exposure to a hazardous substance over a long period of time.\n\n5. Multiple exposures occurring over an extended period of time or over a significant fraction of an animal's or human's lifetime (Usually seven years to a lifetime.)\n\n6. Multiple exposures occurring over an extended period of time, or a significant fraction of the animal's or the individual's lifetime.\n\n7. Continuous or intermittent exposure to low levels of radiation over a long period of time. With chronic exposure, there is often a delay between the start of the exposure and any potential health effects.\n\n8. Long-term exposure lasting several weeks to a lifetime.\n\n9. Long-term exposure usually lasting 6 months to a lifetime.\n\n10. Continuous exposure, or multiple exposures, occurring over an extended period of time or a significant fraction of the animal’s or the individual’s lifetime.\n\n11. Contact with a substance that occurs over a long time (more than one year).\n\n12. A continuous or intermittent long-term contact between an agent and a target. (Other terms, such as “long-term exposure,” are also used.) [IPCS 2004]\n\n13. Multiple exposures occurring over an extended period of time or over a significant fraction of an animal's or human's lifetime (Usually seven years to a lifetime.) [Terms of Environment][EPA 2005b]\n\n14. Continuous or intermittent exposure to radiation over a long period of time. With chronic exposure, there is a delay between the start of the exposure and the observed health effect, such as cancer, benign tumors, cataracts, and potentially harmful genetic changes.\n\n15. Repeated exposure by the oral, dermal, or inhalation route for more than approximately 10% of the life span in humans (more than approximately 90 days to 2 years in typically used laboratory animal species). [EPA 2003]\n\n16. Continuous exposure, or multiple exposures, occurring over an extended period of time or a significant fraction of the animal’s or the individual’s lifetime. [EPA 2004]\n\n17. Multiple exposures occurring over an extended period of time, or a significant fraction of the animal’s or the individual’s lifetime. [RAIS 2004]\n\n18. Contact with a substance that occurs over a long time (more than one year). [ATSDR 2004]",
  "subject": "Health and safety",
  "references": [
    "The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)",
    "Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Glossary; Exposure Factors Handbook: Glossary; EPA 2003",
    "Drinking Water Technical & Legal Terms",
    "Superfund for Students and Teachers Glossary",
    "Terms of Environment; EPA 2005b",
    "Community-Based Air Pollution Projects Glossary; RAIS 2004",
    "Radiation Protection Radiation Glossary; RadTown Glossary",
    "I-BEAM Glossary of Terms",
    "Benchmark Dose Software (BMDS) Glossary of Terms",
    "EPA 2004",
    "ATSDR 2004",
    "Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment",
    "Radiation Protection Radiation Glossary"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/chronic-exposure/"
}