Confounding

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-006150",
  "term": "Confounding",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "1. An inability to distinguish the separate impacts of two or more individual variables on a single outcome.\n\n2. Confounding is a bias in the analysis of causal relationships due to the influence of extraneous factors (confounders). Confounding may result from a common cause of both the putative cause and the effect or of the putative cause and the true cause. A synonym is spurious correlation, but that term is broader.\n\n3. Bias in the analysis of causal relationships due to the influence of extraneous factors (confounders).. Confounding may result from a common cause of both the putative cause and the effect or of the putative cause and the true cause. A synonym is spurious correlation, but that term is broader.",
  "subject": "Policy and guidance",
  "references": [
    "Program Evaluation Glossary",
    "CADDIS: Causal Concepts",
    "Causal Concepts"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/confounding/"
}