Kandic Horizon

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-015122",
  "term": "Kandic Horizon",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "A kandic horizon is a subsurface horizon that has a significantly higher percentage of clay than the overlying horizon or horizons and has an apparent CEC of 16 cmol(+) orless per kg clay (by 1N NH4OAc pH 7) and an apparent ECEC of 12 cmol(+) or less per kg clay (sum of bases extracted with 1N NH4OAc pH 7 plus 1N KCl-extractable Al) in 50 percent or more of the soil volume in the upper 100 cm or to a densic, lithic, paralithic, or petroferric contact if shallower. The claysized fraction is composed predominantly of 1:1 layer silicate clays, mainly kaolinite, with varying amounts of oxyhydroxides of iron and aluminum.",
  "references": [
    "USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Taxonomy: A Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Surveys (1999)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/kandic-horizon/"
}