Nucleotides

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-019202",
  "term": "Nucleotides",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "1. A subunit of DNA or RNA. To form a DNA or RNA molecule, thousands of nucleotides are joined in a long chain. [EPA Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA (Glossary): EPA Science Policy Council at http://www.epa.gov/osa/pdfs/EPA-Genomics-White-Paper.pdf\n\n2. A subunit of DNA or RNA consisting of a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA), a phosphate molecule, and a sugar molecule (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA). Thousands of nucleotides are linked to form a DNA or RNA molecule. DOE Human Genome Project Information, Genome Glossary]\n\n3. A molecule consisting of a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA), a phosphate group, and a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA; ribose in RNA). DNA and RNA are polymers of many nucleotides.\n\n4. A nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids. RNA and DNA are polymers made of long chains of nucleotides. A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base. The bases used in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). In RNA, the base uracil (U) takes the place of thymine.\n\n5. A subunit of DNA or RNA, consisting of one chemical base plus a phosphate molecule and a sugar molecule.",
  "references": [
    "EPA EV-Biological Substances-Genes & Biological Molecules",
    "NIH Genetics Home Reference Glossary"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/nucleotides/"
}