Produced Water

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-022348",
  "term": "Produced Water",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "1. After the drilling and fracturing of the well are completed, water is produced along with the natural gas. Some of this water is returned fracturing fluid and some is natural formation water. These produced waters move back through the wellhead with the gas.\n\n2. The water brought to the surface during oil and gas drilling is called \"produced water.\" It often contains dissolved radioactive minerals such as radium from the surrounding rocks.\n\n3. Water that is extracted from the earth from an oil or natural gas production well, or that is separated from crude oil, condensate, or natural gas after extraction.\n\n4. Water extracted from the earth from an oil or natural gas production well, or that is separated from oil or natural gas after extraction.\n\n5. Water (brine) brought up from the hydrocarbon-bearing strata during the extraction of oil and gas, and can include formation water, injection water, and any chemicals added downhole or during the oil/water separation process. [40 CFR 435.11 (CFR 2013)][40 CFR 435.41 (CFR 2013)]\n\n6. Water that is separated from extracted reservoir fluids during production operations.",
  "subject": "Chemicals, toxics and pesticides",
  "references": [
    "Glossary: Study of the Potential Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing on Drinking Water Resources; EPA Draft Plan to Study the Potential Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing on Drinking Water Resources Glossary at www.yosemite.gov/sab",
    "RadTown Glossary",
    "40 CFR 63.761 (CFR 2013)",
    "40 CFR 68.3 (CFR 2013)",
    "40 CFR 98.238 (CFR 2024)",
    "40 CFR 49.4163 (CFR 2013)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/produced-water/"
}