Carbon sequestration methods and systems

{
  "publication_number": "US12085766B2",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "B2",
  "title": "Carbon sequestration methods and systems",
  "abstract": "Methods of sequestering carbon dioxide (CO 2) are provided. Aspects of the methods include contacting a CO 2 containing gaseous stream with an aqueous medium under conditions sufficient to produce a bicarbonate rich product. The resultant bicarbonate rich product (or a component thereof) is then combined with a cation source under conditions sufficient to produce a solid carbonate composition and product CO 2 gas, followed by injection of the product CO 2 gas into a subsurface geological location to sequester CO 2. Also provided are systems configured for carrying out the methods.",
  "claims": [
    "1. A method of removing a non-CO 2 pollutant from a multicomponent gaseous stream comprising CO 2, the method comprising: contacting the multi-component gaseous stream with an aqueous medium under conditions sufficient to produce a bicarbonate rich product; and subjecting the bicarbonate rich product to carbonate precipitation conditions to remove a non-CO 2 pollutant from the multicomponent gaseous stream.",
    "2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the non-CO 2 pollutant is selected from the group consisting of NO x, SO x, VOC, heavy metals, particulate matter, and combinations thereof.",
    "3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous medium is a bicarbonate buffered aqueous medium.",
    "4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the bicarbonate buffered aqueous medium has a pH ranging from 8 to 10.",
    "5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the bicarbonate rich product comprises droplets of a liquid condensed phase (LCP) in a bulk liquid.",
    "6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of bicarbonate anions in the LCP droplets is 10,000 ppm or higher.",
    "7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the molar ratio of bicarbonate to carbonate anion in the LCP droplets is 10 or greater to 1.",
    "8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the multi-component gaseous stream is contacted with the aqueous medium in the presence of an LCP promoter.",
    "9. The method according to claim 1, wherein subjecting the bicarbonate rich product to carbonate precipitation conditions comprises combining the bicarbonate rich product or a component thereof with a cation source comprised of a source of divalent cations to produce a solid carbonate composition.",
    "10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the divalent cations are alkaline earth metal cations.",
    "11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the divalent alkaline earth metal cations are selected from the group consisting of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+, and combinations thereof.",
    "12. The method according to claim 9, wherein the solid carbonate composition is produced without the use of an alkalinity source.",
    "13. The method according to claim 1, wherein subjecting the bicarbonate rich product to carbonate precipitation conditions comprises producing a product CO 2 gas, and the method further comprises injecting the product CO 2 gas into a subterranean location.",
    "14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the subterranean location is a fossil fuel reservoir.",
    "15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the subterranean location is a saline reservoir.",
    "16. The method according to claim 13, wherein the subterranean location is a deep ocean location.",
    "17. The method according to claim 9, wherein the method further comprises producing a commodity from the solid carbonate composition.",
    "18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the commodity is a building material.",
    "19. The method according to claim 17, wherein the building material is an aggregate.",
    "20. The method according to claim 1, wherein the multi-component gaseous stream is obtained from an industrial plant.",
    "21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the multi-component gaseous stream is a flue gas."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is a naturally occurring chemical compound that is present in Earth's atmosphere as a gas. Sources of atmospheric CO 2 are varied, and include humans and other living organisms that produce CO 2 in the process of respiration, as well as other naturally occurring sources, such as volcanoes, hot springs, and geysers.\n\nAdditional major sources of atmospheric CO 2 include industrial plants. Many types of industrial plants (including cement plants, refineries, steel mills and power plants) combust various carbon-based fuels, such as fossil fuels and syngases. Fossil fuels that are employed include coal, natural gas, oil, petroleum coke and biofuels. Fuels are also derived from tar sands, oil shale, coal liquids, and coal gasification and biofuels that are made via syngas.\n\nThe environmental effects of CO 2 are of significant interest. CO 2 is commonly viewed as a greenhouse gas. Because human activities since the industrial revolution have rapidly increased concentrations of atmospheric CO 2, anthropogenic CO 2 has been implicated in global warming and climate change, as well as increasing oceanic bicarbonate concentration. Ocean uptake of fossil fuel CO 2 is now proceeding at about 1 million metric tons of CO 2 per hour.\n\nConcerns over anthropogenic climate change and ocean acidification, compounded with recent changes in U.S. Federal policy to include carbon dioxide (CO 2) as a regulated air pollutant, have fueled an urgency to discover scalable, cost effective, methods of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS).",
  "cpc": [
    "B01D 53/62",
    "B01D 2251/304",
    "B01D 2251/306",
    "B01D 2251/402",
    "B01D 2251/404",
    "B01D 2251/60",
    "B01D 2257/302",
    "B01D 2257/404",
    "B01D 2257/504",
    "B01D 2257/60",
    "B01D 2257/602",
    "B01D 2257/708",
    "B01D 2258/0283",
    "B01D 53/73",
    "B01D 53/78",
    "B65G 5/00",
    "C01B 32/50",
    "C01B 32/60",
    "G02B 6/3885",
    "G02B 6/50",
    "Y02C 20/40",
    "Y02P 20/151"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "B01D 53/62",
    "B01D 53/73",
    "B01D 53/78",
    "B65G 5/00",
    "C01B 32/50",
    "C01B 32/60",
    "G02B 6/38",
    "G02B 6/50"
  ],
  "assignees": [
    "Blue Planet Systems Corp"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "Brent R. Constantz",
    "Mark A. Bewernitz"
  ],
  "filing_date": "2021-07-22",
  "publication_date": "2024-09-10",
  "grant_date": "2024-09-10",
  "priority_date": "2014-09-23",
  "application_number": "US-202117382715-A",
  "family_id": "55524843",
  "cited_by_count": 0,
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}