Patent · US9410091B2 · B2 · US

Preparing a fuel from liquid biomass

(11) Publication number

US9410091B2

(21) Application number

14/487,522

(22) Filing date

2014-09-16

(30) Priority date

2011-12-12

(43) Publication date

2016-08-09

(45) Date of grant

2016-08-09

(51) IPC

C10G 1/00; C10L 1/04; B01J 19/00; B01J 8/24; C10G 1/02; C10G 11/00; C10G 11/18; C10G 3/00; C10G 45/02; C10G 65/04; C10L 1/16; C10L 1/18; G06Q 40/04; G06Q 50/06

(52) CPC

C10G Cracking hydrocarbon oils; production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures, e.g. by destructive hydrogenation, oligomerisation, polymerisation; recovery of hydrocarbon oils from oil-shale, oil-sand, or gases; refining mixtures mainly consisting of hydrocarbons; reforming of naphtha; mineral waxes: 11/00, 1/00, 1/002, 1/02, 11/18, 2300/1011, 2300/1014, 2300/1037, 2300/202, 2300/4056, 2400/02, 2400/04, 3/00, 3/42, 3/57, 45/02, 65/043
B01J Chemical or physical processes, e.g. catalysis or colloid chemistry; their relevant apparatus: 19/0013, 2204/002, 2208/00017, 2208/00902, 4/002, 4/008, 8/0055, 8/1827, 8/24, 8/26
C10L Fuels not otherwise provided for; natural gas; synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclasses C10G or C10K; liquified petroleum gas; use of additives to fuels or fires; fire-lighters: 1/04, 1/06, 1/16, 1/1616, 1/18, 1/1802, 1/1817, 2200/0453, 2200/0469, 2270/02, 2270/023, 2270/026, 2270/04, 2290/143, 2290/24
G06Q Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial or supervisory purposes; systems or methods specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial or supervisory purposes, not otherwise provided for: 40/04, 50/06
Y02E Reduction of greenhouse gas [ghg] emissions, related to energy generation, transmission or distribution: 50/10, 50/13, 50/14, 50/30, 50/32
Y02P Climate change mitigation technologies in the production or processing of goods: 30/20

(73) Assignee

Ensyn Renewables Inc

(72) Inventors

Barry A. Freel; Robert G. Graham

(54) Title

Preparing a fuel from liquid biomass

(57) Abstract

The present application generally relates to methods to prepare a fuel from a liquid biomass by first producing the liquid biomass from a solid biomass by a thermal process, and then processing the liquid biomass with a petroleum fraction in the presence of a catalyst.

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Claims (20)

A method to prepare a fuel from a liquid biomass, comprising: processing the liquid biomass and a petroleum fraction in the presence of a catalyst, said liquid biomass derived from a non-catalytic thermo-mechanical conversion consisting essentially of: i) grinding a dried cellulosic biomass; and ii) liquefying at least 60 wt. % of the ground dried cellulosic biomass to form the liquid biomass.
The method of claim 1, wherein the non-catalytic thermo-mechanical conversion comprises pyrolysis.
The method of claim 1, wherein the non-catalytic thermo-mechanical conversion comprises rapid thermal processing.
The method of claim 3, wherein the liquid biomass further comprises: i) a carbon content in the range of 35-80 wt. % on a moisture-free basis; ii) an oxygen content in the range of 20-50 wt. % on a moisture-free basis; and iii) a water content in the range of 10-40 wt. %.
The method of claim 4, wherein the liquid biomass has a solids content of less than 0.5 wt. % and an ash content of less than 0.1 wt. %.
The method of claim 4, wherein the petroleum fraction and the liquid biomass are co-processed in a continuous fluidized catalytic cracking unit.
The method of claim 6, wherein the solid biomass comprises a wood, wood residue, or agricultural residue.
The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid biomass is an unenriched renewable fuel oil.
The method of claim 1, wherein the processing occurs in a continuous unit.
The method of claim 1, wherein the continuous unit is a fluidized catalytic cracking unit.
The method of claim 10, wherein the petroleum fraction is VGO.
The method of claim 1, wherein the processing and the non-catalytic thermo-mechanical conversion are conducted in the same refinery site.
The method of claim 1, wherein the fuel is a transportation fuel.
The method of claim 1, wherein the solid biomass comprises wood, wood residues, and/or sawdust.
The method of claim 1, wherein the solid biomass comprises bagasse, palm fronds, and/or empty fruit bunches.
The method of claim 1, wherein the processed liquid biomass comprises less than 10% of the total weight of the petroleum fraction and the liquid biomass.
The method of claim 1, wherein the processed liquid biomass and petroleum fraction comprise: i) 93-99.95 wt. % of the petroleum fraction; and ii) 0.05-7 wt. % of the liquid biomass, relative to the total weight of the petroleum fraction and the liquid biomass.
A method to prepare a fuel, comprising: fluidized catalytic cracking of 93-99.95 wt. % of a petroleum fraction and 0.05-7 wt. % of a liquid biomass, relative to the total weight of the petroleum fraction and the liquid biomass, wherein the liquid biomass is derived from the product of a non-catalytic thermo-mechanical conversion consisting essentially of: i) grinding a dried cellulosic biomass; and ii) liquefying at least 60 wt. % of the ground dried cellulosic biomass by rapid thermal processing to form the liquid biomass, wherein the liquid biomass has: a) a carbon content in the range of 35-80 wt. % on a moisture-free basis; b) an oxygen content in the range of 20-50 wt. % on a moisture-free basis; c) a water content in the range of 10-40 wt. %; d) a solids content of less than 0.5 wt. %; and e) an ash content of less than 0.1 wt. %.
The method of claim 18, wherein at least 80 wt. % of the ground dried cellulosic biomass is liquefied by said rapid thermal processing.
The method of claim 18, wherein the liquid biomass is an unenriched renewable fuel oil.

Description

The present disclosure generally relates to the introduction of a renewable fuel or renewable oil as a feedstock into refinery systems or field upgrading equipment. More specifically, the present disclosure is directed to methods of introducing a liquid thermally produced from biomass into a petroleum conversion unit; for example, a refinery fluid catalytic cracker (FCC), a coker, a field upgrader system, a hydrocracker, and/or hydrotreating unit; for co-processing with petroleum fractions, petroleum fraction reactants, and/or petroleum fraction feedstocks and the products, e.g., fuels, and uses and value of the products resulting therefrom.

Biomass has been a primary source of energy over much of human history. During the late 1800's and 1900's the proportion of the world's energy sourced from biomass dropped, as the commercial development and utilization of fossil fuels occurred, and markets for coal and petroleum products dominated. Nevertheless, some 15% of the world's energy continues to be sourced from biomass, and in developing countries the contribution of biomass is much higher at 38%. In addition, there has been a new awareness of the impact of the utilization of fossil fuels on the environment. In particular, the contribution of greenhouse gases, as a result of consuming fossil fuels.

Biomass, such as wood, wood residues, and agricultural residues, can be converted to useful products, e.g., fuels or chemicals, by thermal or catalytic conversion.

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Record as JSON

{
  "publication_number": "US9410091B2",
  "country": "US",
  "kind": "B2",
  "title": "Preparing a fuel from liquid biomass",
  "abstract": "The present application generally relates to methods to prepare a fuel from a liquid biomass by first producing the liquid biomass from a solid biomass by a thermal process, and then processing the liquid biomass with a petroleum fraction in the presence of a catalyst.",
  "claims": [
    "1. A method to prepare a fuel from a liquid biomass, comprising: processing the liquid biomass and a petroleum fraction in the presence of a catalyst, said liquid biomass derived from a non-catalytic thermo-mechanical conversion consisting essentially of: i) grinding a dried cellulosic biomass; and ii) liquefying at least 60 wt. % of the ground dried cellulosic biomass to form the liquid biomass.",
    "2. The method of claim 1, wherein the non-catalytic thermo-mechanical conversion comprises pyrolysis.",
    "3. The method of claim 1, wherein the non-catalytic thermo-mechanical conversion comprises rapid thermal processing.",
    "4. The method of claim 3, wherein the liquid biomass further comprises: i) a carbon content in the range of 35-80 wt. % on a moisture-free basis; ii) an oxygen content in the range of 20-50 wt. % on a moisture-free basis; and iii) a water content in the range of 10-40 wt. %.",
    "5. The method of claim 4, wherein the liquid biomass has a solids content of less than 0.5 wt. % and an ash content of less than 0.1 wt. %.",
    "6. The method of claim 4, wherein the petroleum fraction and the liquid biomass are co-processed in a continuous fluidized catalytic cracking unit.",
    "7. The method of claim 6, wherein the solid biomass comprises a wood, wood residue, or agricultural residue.",
    "8. The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid biomass is an unenriched renewable fuel oil.",
    "9. The method of claim 1, wherein the processing occurs in a continuous unit.",
    "10. The method of claim 1, wherein the continuous unit is a fluidized catalytic cracking unit.",
    "11. The method of claim 10, wherein the petroleum fraction is VGO.",
    "12. The method of claim 1, wherein the processing and the non-catalytic thermo-mechanical conversion are conducted in the same refinery site.",
    "13. The method of claim 1, wherein the fuel is a transportation fuel.",
    "14. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid biomass comprises wood, wood residues, and/or sawdust.",
    "15. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid biomass comprises bagasse, palm fronds, and/or empty fruit bunches.",
    "16. The method of claim 1, wherein the processed liquid biomass comprises less than 10% of the total weight of the petroleum fraction and the liquid biomass.",
    "17. The method of claim 1, wherein the processed liquid biomass and petroleum fraction comprise: i) 93-99.95 wt. % of the petroleum fraction; and ii) 0.05-7 wt. % of the liquid biomass, relative to the total weight of the petroleum fraction and the liquid biomass.",
    "18. A method to prepare a fuel, comprising: fluidized catalytic cracking of 93-99.95 wt. % of a petroleum fraction and 0.05-7 wt. % of a liquid biomass, relative to the total weight of the petroleum fraction and the liquid biomass, wherein the liquid biomass is derived from the product of a non-catalytic thermo-mechanical conversion consisting essentially of: i) grinding a dried cellulosic biomass; and ii) liquefying at least 60 wt. % of the ground dried cellulosic biomass by rapid thermal processing to form the liquid biomass, wherein the liquid biomass has: a) a carbon content in the range of 35-80 wt. % on a moisture-free basis; b) an oxygen content in the range of 20-50 wt. % on a moisture-free basis; c) a water content in the range of 10-40 wt. %; d) a solids content of less than 0.5 wt. %; and e) an ash content of less than 0.1 wt. %.",
    "19. The method of claim 18, wherein at least 80 wt. % of the ground dried cellulosic biomass is liquefied by said rapid thermal processing.",
    "20. The method of claim 18, wherein the liquid biomass is an unenriched renewable fuel oil."
  ],
  "description_excerpt": "The present disclosure generally relates to the introduction of a renewable fuel or renewable oil as a feedstock into refinery systems or field upgrading equipment. More specifically, the present disclosure is directed to methods of introducing a liquid thermally produced from biomass into a petroleum conversion unit; for example, a refinery fluid catalytic cracker (FCC), a coker, a field upgrader system, a hydrocracker, and/or hydrotreating unit; for co-processing with petroleum fractions, petroleum fraction reactants, and/or petroleum fraction feedstocks and the products, e.g., fuels, and uses and value of the products resulting therefrom.\n\nBiomass has been a primary source of energy over much of human history. During the late 1800's and 1900's the proportion of the world's energy sourced from biomass dropped, as the commercial development and utilization of fossil fuels occurred, and markets for coal and petroleum products dominated. Nevertheless, some 15% of the world's energy continues to be sourced from biomass, and in developing countries the contribution of biomass is much higher at 38%. In addition, there has been a new awareness of the impact of the utilization of fossil fuels on the environment. In particular, the contribution of greenhouse gases, as a result of consuming fossil fuels.\n\nBiomass, such as wood, wood residues, and agricultural residues, can be converted to useful products, e.g., fuels or chemicals, by thermal or catalytic conversion.",
  "cpc": [
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    "B01J 19/0013",
    "B01J 2204/002",
    "B01J 2208/00017",
    "B01J 2208/00902",
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    "B01J 4/008",
    "B01J 8/0055",
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    "C10L 2290/24",
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    "Y02E 50/13",
    "Y02E 50/14",
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    "Y02P 30/20"
  ],
  "ipc": [
    "C10G 1/00",
    "C10L 1/04",
    "B01J 19/00",
    "B01J 8/24",
    "C10G 1/02",
    "C10G 11/00",
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    "C10G 65/04",
    "C10L 1/16",
    "C10L 1/18",
    "G06Q 40/04",
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  ],
  "assignees": [
    "Ensyn Renewables Inc"
  ],
  "inventors": [
    "Barry A. Freel",
    "Robert G. Graham"
  ],
  "filing_date": "2014-09-16",
  "publication_date": "2016-08-09",
  "grant_date": "2016-08-09",
  "priority_date": "2011-12-12",
  "application_number": "US-201414487522-A",
  "family_id": "48570736",
  "cited_by_count": 4,
  "citations": [
    "US2318555A",
    "US1252072A",
    "US2205757A",
    "US2326525A",
    "US2328202A",
    "FR879606A",
    "US2380098A",
    "US2492948A",
    "US2566353A",
    "US2696979A",
    "US2884303A",
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    "US3313726A",
    "US3309356A",
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}

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