Coking

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-005553",
  "term": "Coking",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "Severe method of thermal cracking used to upgrade heavy residuals into lighter products or distillates. Coking produces straight-run gasoline (coker naphtha) and various middle-distillate fractions used as catalytic cracking feedstock. The process so completely reduces hydrogen that the residue is a form of carbon called \"coke.\" The two most common processes are delayed coking and continuous (contact or fluid) coking. Three typical types of coke are obtained (sponge coke, honeycomb coke, and needle coke) depending upon the reaction mechanism, time, temperature, and the crude feedstock.",
  "references": [
    "DOL Occupational Safety and Health Administration Petroleum Refining Process at https://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/otm_iv/otm_iv_2.html#3"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/coking/"
}