Gene Expression

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-012149",
  "term": "Gene Expression",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "1. Typically involves transcription of genetically encoded information into an intermediary message (messenger RNA) and subsequent translation into a functional protein.\n\n2. The process by which a gene gets turned on in a cell to make RNA and proteins. Gene expression may be measured by looking at the RNA, or the protein made from the RNA, or what the protein does in a cell.\n\n3. The process by which genes are first converted to messenger RNA and then to proteins.\n\n4. The process by which the information encoded in a gene is used to direct the assembly of a protein molecule. The cell reads the sequence of the gene in groups of three bases. Each group of three bases (codon) corresponds to one of 20 different amino acids used to build the protein.\n\n5. The process by which a gene's coded information is converted into the structures present and operating in the cell. Expressed genes include those that are transcribed into mRNA protein (e.g., transfer and ribosomal RNAs).",
  "references": [
    "National Cancer Institute Thesaurus",
    "National Cancer Institute Glossary",
    "NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences Glossary",
    "NIH Genetics Home Reference Glossary",
    "Glossary: Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA: EPA Science Policy Council at http://www.epa.gov/osa/pdfs/EPA-Genomics-White-Paper.pdf. Quotation from U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Human Genome Project Information, Genome Glossary"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/gene-expression/"
}