Messenger RNA

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-017005",
  "term": "Messenger RNA",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "1. A type of RNA that reflects the exact nucleotide sequence of the genetically active DNA. mRNA carries the \"message\" of the DNA to the cytoplasm of cells where protein is made in amino acid sequences specified by the mRNA.\n\n2. RNA that serves as a template for protein synthesis.\n\n3. Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-stranded RNA molecule that is complementary to one of the DNA strands of a gene. The mRNA is an RNA version of the gene that leaves the cell nucleus and moves to the cytoplasm where proteins are made. During protein synthesis, an organelle called a ribosome moves along the mRNA, reads its base sequence, and uses the genetic code to translate each three-base triplet, or codon, into its corresponding amino acid.\n\n4. An RNA molecule that encodes the amino acid sequence of a protein. It is the mediating template between DNA and proteins. The encoded information from a particular gene is transferred from a strand of DNA by the construction of a complementary template strand of RNA (mRNA) through the transcription process. Next, three nucleotide segments of RNA, called tRNA (transfer RNA), which are attached to specific amino acids, match up with the template strand of mRNA to order the correct sequence of amino acids. These amino acids are then bonded together to form a protein a in a process, called translation. Translation occurs in the ribosomes, which are composed of proteins and a third kind of RNA, rRNA (ribosomal RNA)",
  "abbreviation": "mRNA",
  "references": [
    "EPA Potential Implications of Genomics for Regulatory and Risk Assessment Applications at EPA Glossary. EPA Science Policy Council at http://www.epa.gov/osa/pdfs/EPA-Genomics-White-Paper.pdf",
    "DOE Human Genome Project Information, Genome Glossary",
    "NIH Genetics Home Reference Glossary",
    "NOAA Coral Reef Glossary"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/messenger-rna/"
}