Cytarabine

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ONC-002236",
  "term": "Cytarabine",
  "field": "Oncology and biomedicine",
  "definitions": [
    "A drug used with other drugs to treat adults and children with acute myeloid leukemia and to prevent and treat a type of leukemia that has spread to the meninges (the tissue that covers and protects the brain and spinal cord). It may also be used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia and blastic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Cytarabine stops cells from making DNA and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimetabolite. Also called ARA-C.",
    "An antimetabolite analogue of cytidine with a modified sugar moiety (arabinose instead of ribose). Cytarabine is converted to the triphosphate form within the cell and then competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. Because the arabinose sugar sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, DNA replication ceases, specifically during the S phase of the cell cycle. This agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and repair."
  ],
  "abbreviation": "ARA-C",
  "synonyms": [
    "ARA-C",
    "arabinofuranosylcytosine",
    "arabinosylcytosine",
    "cytosine arabinoside",
    "aracytidine",
    "beta-cytosine arabinoside",
    "cytarabine hydrochloride",
    "cytarabinum",
    "cytosine arabinosine hydrochloride",
    "tarabine PFS",
    "cytosine-.beta.-arabinoside",
    ".beta.-Cytosine arabinoside",
    "1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-4-amino-2(1H)pyrimidinone",
    "2(1H)-pyrimidinone, 4-Amino-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-",
    "cytosine-beta-arabinoside"
  ],
  "references": [
    "NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms",
    "National Cancer Institute Thesaurus"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/oncology/cytarabine/"
}