Pharmacokinetics

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-020844",
  "term": "Pharmacokinetics",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "1. The dynamic behavior of chemicals inside biological systems; it includes the processes of uptake, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.\n\n2. The study of the way that drugs move through the body after they are swallowed or injected.\n\n3. Describes how the body affects a specific chemical after administration through the mechanisms of absorption and distribution, as well as the chemical changes of the substance in the body (e.g. by metabolic enzymes such as cytochrome P450 or glucuronosyltransferase enzymes), and the effects and routes of excretion of the metabolites of the drug. Pharmacokinetic properties of chemicals may be affected by elements such as the site of administration and the dose of the chemical. These may affect the absorption rate. Pharmacokinetics is often studied in conjunction with pharmacodynamics, the study of a chemical’s effect on the body.\n\n4. The study of the time course of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a foreign substance (e.g., a drug or pollutant) in an organism's body.\n\n5. The field of study concerned with defining, through measurement or modeling, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs or chemicals in a biological system as a function of time.\n\n6. Used for the mechanism, dynamics and kinetics of exogenous chemical and drug absorption, biotransformation, distribution, release, transport, uptake and elimination as a function of dosage, extent and rate of metabolic processes.\n\n7. The study of the time course of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a foreign substance (e.g., a drug or pollutant) in an organism's body. [EPA 1992]\n\n8. The field of study concerned with defining, through measurement or modeling, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs or chemicals in a biological system as a function of time. [EPA 1995b]\n\n9. The study of the way that drugs move through the body after they are swallowed or injected. [EPA 2005b]",
  "subject": "Policy and guidance",
  "see_also": [
    "Toxicokinetics"
  ],
  "references": [
    "Drinking Water Technical & Legal Terms",
    "Terms of Environment; EPA 2005b",
    "Benchmark Dose Software (BMDS) Glossary of Terms",
    "EPA 1992",
    "EPA 1995b",
    "NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)",
    "Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/pharmacokinetics/"
}