Toxicity

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ENV-028399",
  "term": "Toxicity",
  "field": "Environment",
  "definition": "1. The degree to which a substance or mixture of substances can harm humans or animals. Acute toxicity involves harmful effects in an organism through a single or short-term exposure. Chronic toxicity is the ability of a substance or mixture of substances to cause harmful effects over an extended period, usually upon repeated or continuous exposure sometimes lasting for the entire life of the exposed organism. Subchronic toxicity is the ability of the substance to cause effects for more than one year but less than the lifetime of the exposed organism.\n\n2. EPA's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) defines toxicity as \"The degree to which a chemical substance (or physical agent) elicits a deleterious or adverse effect upon the biological system of an organism exposed to the substance over a designated time period.\"\n\n3. Deleterious or adverse biological effects elicited by a chemical, physical, or biological agent.\n\n4. The degree to which a substance or mixture of substances can harm humans or animals. Acute toxicity involves harmful effects in an organism through a single or short-term exposure.\n\n5. The capacity of a chemical to do harm to an organism by other than mechanical means.\n\n6. The quality or degree of being poisonous or harmful to plant or animal life.\n\n7. The quality or degree of being poisonous or harmful to plant, animal or human life.\n\n8. The degree to which a substance or mixture of substances can harm humans or animals.\n\n9. The degree to which a substance or mixture of substances can harm humans or environmental receptors.\n\n10. Property of a pesticide to cause any adverse physiological effects.\n\n11. Characteristic of Toxicity\n\n12. Property of a pesticide that refers to the degree to which the pesticide, and its degradates and metabolites, are able to cause an adverse physiological effect on an organism. [40 CFR 171.2 (CFR 2017)]\n\n13. Deleterious or adverse biological effects elicited by a chemical, physical, or biological agent. [EPA 2003]\n\n14. The degree to which a substance or mixture of substances can harm humans or environmental receptors. [EPA 2004, EPA 2005b]\n\n15. The quality or degree of being poisonous or harmful to plant, animal, or human life. [CRCWQT 2002]\n\n16. Inherent property of an agent to cause an adverse biological effect. [IPCS/OECD 2004]\n\n17. The degree of danger posed by a substance to animal or plant life. [RAIS 2004, SRA 2004]",
  "subject": "Health and safety",
  "references": [
    "Terms of Env; Terms of Environment",
    "Waste and Cleanup Risk Assessment Glossary",
    "Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Glossary; EPA 2003",
    "RCRA Glossary of Terms",
    "Pesticides Glossary",
    "Aquatic Biodiversity Glossary",
    "Drinking Water Technical & Legal Terms",
    "Improving Air Quality in Your Community Glossary",
    "EPA 2004, EPA 2005b",
    "40 CFR 171.2 (CFR 2013)",
    "40 CFR 261.24 (CFR 2013)",
    "40 CFR 171.3 (CFR 2018)",
    "Thesaurus of Terms Used in Microbial Risk Assessment"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/environment/toxicity/"
}