Industrial and trades terminology · MLC-0113

Industrial and trades terms: N (148)

• NacelleThe cover housing that sits atop the tower of a horizontal-axis wind turbine, enclosing the main operational...
• NadirThe point directly below an observer or a sensor, opposite the zenith, often used in the context of remote...
• Nail setA small, hardened steel punch used to drive the head of a nail slightly below the surface of a wooden...
• Nail sickDescribing a roof, or a roof covering, whose nails have corroded or otherwise deteriorated so that the...
• Nail sicknessThe deterioration of the nails that fix a roof covering or a boat's planking, in which corrosion and wear...
• NAND gateA digital logic gate that produces a false output only if all its inputs are true; otherwise, its output is...
• Nano-ampA unit of electric current equal to one billionth of an ampere. The ampere is the base unit of electric...
• NanobotA microscopic robot constructed at the nanoscale, typically ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers in size. These...
• Nano-faradA unit of electrical capacitance equal to one billionth (10^-9) of a farad, or 1000 picofarads. It is the...
• NanogramA unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI) equal to one billionth (10^-9) of a gram. This...
• Nano-jouleA unit of energy equal to one billionth (10^-9) of a joule. It is used for small energies such as the pulse...
• NanojouleA unit of energy equal to one billionth (10^-9) of a joule. It is used for small energies such as the pulse...
• NanokatalA unit of catalytic activity equal to one billionth (10^-9) of a katal. The katal is the SI unit for...
• NanokelvinA unit of thermodynamic temperature equal to one billionth (10^-9) of a kelvin. This extremely low...
• NanomoleA unit of amount of substance equal to one billionth (10^-9) of a mole. The mole is the SI unit for amount of...
• Nano-ohmA unit of electrical resistance equal to one billionth (10^-9) of an ohm. This extremely small value is...
• NanophotonicsThe study of light's interaction with materials and structures at the nanometer scale, where dimensions are...
• NanoscopyA field of microscopy that achieves spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit of conventional light...
• NanosecondOne billionth of a second, a unit of time represented by the symbol ns. It measures events of extremely short...
• Nano-voltA unit of electrical potential difference or electromotive force in the International System of Units (SI)...
• NanovoltA unit of electric potential equal to one billionth (10^-9) of a volt. Signals of this size arise in...
• Nap dressA loose, comfortable dress with a smocked bodice and a gathered or tiered skirt, named for being relaxed...
• NaphthaA flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixture obtained from petroleum distillation, coal tar, or natural gas...
• NappeA sheet or curtain of water that flows over the crest of a weir or spillway. The shape and characteristics of...
• NarrowDescribing a material, product, or component that has a significantly smaller width compared to its length or...
• Narrow clothFabric woven on a loom that produces widths significantly smaller than standard broadloom fabrics. This type...
• Narrow gaugeA railway track where the distance between the inner faces of the rails is less than the standard gauge of...
• Narrow workMining operations conducted in confined spaces or excavations with limited dimensions, such as drifts...
• NarrowbodyA type of airliner characterized by a single aisle in the passenger cabin, typically with two to three seats...
• Narrow-cutDescribing a petroleum fraction with a narrow boiling range, made of moderately heavy hydrocarbons in the...
• NavTo navigate: The process of planning and following a route for a vehicle or vessel from one location to...
• NavalRelating to a nation's navy, including its warships, personnel, and shore establishments. The term covers all...
• NavcamA navigation camera used on spacecraft, planetary rovers, or unmanned aerial vehicles to provide imagery for...
• NCAn abbreviation for "normally closed," describing a valve or switch that is in its closed position when no...
• NCAAn abbreviation for lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, a cathode material widely used in high-energy...
• NCAPA polymer-dispersed liquid crystal technology in which droplets of nematic liquid crystal are encapsulated in...
• NCMA cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, composed of nickel, cobalt, and manganese oxides. This...
• NCONumerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO): A digital signal generator that produces a synchronous...
• NDA navigation display, which is an electronic flight instrument that presents geographical information and...
• NDCA country's formal climate action plan submitted under the Paris Agreement, outlining its targets for...
• NDRNegative Differential Resistance, a characteristic observed in certain electronic components where an...
• Near fieldThe region close to an antenna or other electromagnetic source where the fields are not yet simple...
• NeatlineA line drawn on a construction plan to show the exact finished outline of a structure or excavation...
• NECAn abbreviation for the Northeast Corridor, a major electrified railway line in the United States, extending...
• NeckdownA traffic-calming measure in which the roadway is narrowed at an intersection or along a block by widening...
• NEDCThe New European Driving Cycle, a standardized laboratory test procedure formerly used to measure fuel...
• Needle threaderA small tool for guiding thread through the eye of a sewing needle. It has a handle holding a diamond-shaped...
• Needle valveA type of valve with a small, tapered stem that precisely controls the flow rate of a fluid. The fine...
• Negative crystalA uniaxial birefringent crystal in which the extraordinary refractive index is lower than the ordinary index...
• Negative edgeThe transition of a digital signal from a high voltage level (logic 1) to a low voltage level (logic 0). This...
• Negative logicA convention in digital electronics where the lower voltage level represents a logic '1' (true) and the...
• Negative side waterproofingA method of applying a waterproofing membrane or coating to the interior surface of a structure, such as a...
• Negative-edge-triggeredDescribing a digital circuit or flip-flop that changes its output state only at the falling edge of a clock...
• Neighborhood electric vehicleA low-speed electric vehicle that operates on public roads with speed limits typically not exceeding 35 miles...
• NematiconA self-localized light beam, or spatial soliton, that propagates within a nematic liquid crystal medium. The...
• NeperA logarithmic unit for ratios of two values of a field quantity, such as voltage or current, or a power...
• NetA collection of two or more interconnected terminals in an electronic circuit that are at the same electrical...
• NetcoA company that owns and operates the physical network infrastructure for telecommunications services, such as...
• NetherRelating to a lower or underlying position within a mine working or geological formation. The term is often...
• NetlistA data file that describes the logical connections between components in an electronic circuit. It lists the...
• NetphoneA telephone device designed to make and receive calls over an internet protocol (IP) network rather than a...
• Network interface cardAn expansion card or integrated circuit that allows a computer or other network-enabled device to connect to...
• Network subsystemThe part of a GSM mobile network that handles call switching and subscriber management, as opposed to the...
• Net-zeroA state achieved when the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere is balanced by the amount...
• Neural processing unitA specialized microprocessor designed to accelerate the calculations involved in artificial intelligence and...
• Neutral conductorA circuit conductor that carries current in an alternating current (AC) system, typically returning current...
• Neutral sectionA short, un-energized segment of overhead line equipment or third rail in an electrified railway system, used...
• New Zealand cottonA soft bast fiber from the inner bark of the New Zealand ribbonwood tree, Plagianthus regius (formerly P...
• Newtonian mechanicsA branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of macroscopic objects under the influence of...
• Newton's first lawA fundamental principle of classical mechanics stating that an object at rest will stay at rest, and an...
• Newton's second lawA fundamental principle of classical mechanics stating that the acceleration of an object is directly...
• Newton's third lawA fundamental principle of classical mechanics stating that for every action, there is an equal and opposite...
• NFA noise figure that quantifies the degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio caused by components in a radio...
• NicadA type of rechargeable battery that uses nickel oxide hydroxide and cadmium as electrodes. These batteries...
• NickA small indentation or groove cut into the side of a piece of metal type, serving as a guide for correct...
• NickingThe process of cutting a vertical channel or groove into a coal seam at the side of the working face. This...
• Nickings, see Nicking
• Nicol prismA type of polarizing prism constructed from a calcite crystal, designed to produce a beam of plane-polarized...
• NielloA black metallic alloy, typically composed of silver, copper, and sulfur, used as an inlay on engraved metal...
• Night letterA type of telegram or telex message sent at a reduced rate for delivery the following morning or during...
• NipThe contact point or line where two rotating rolls or cylinders come together, creating a compressive force...
• Nip pointA hazardous area on machinery where two rotating parts, or one rotating part and a stationary object, come...
• Nip-outA geological condition where a coal seam or mineral vein thins out and disappears completely, often due to a...
• NippleA short piece of pipe with male pipe threads at both ends, used for connecting two other fittings, such as...
• Nitrile rubberA synthetic rubber copolymer of acrylonitrile and butadiene, known for its resistance to oils, fuels, and...
• NitrousA common abbreviation for nitrous oxide, a chemical compound used as an oxidizer in internal combustion...
• Nixie tubeA cold-cathode gas-discharge device for displaying numerals or other symbols, representing an early form of...
• NMAn abbreviation for Nautical Mile, a unit of distance used in marine and aerial navigation. One nautical mile...
• NMCA cathode material, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, employed in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries...
• nMOSA type of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) where the current is carried by...
• nMOSFETA type of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor built on a p-type substrate with n-type source...
• NODescribing a valve or electrical contact that is in an open position when no power or external force is...
• Nodal analysisA method for analyzing electrical circuits by applying Kirchhoff's current law at each non-reference node to...
• NoddyA small two-wheeled carriage drawn by a single horse, a light historical road vehicle recorded chiefly in...
• NodeA point in an electrical circuit where two or more components, such as resistors, capacitors, or transistors...
• NogA short piece of timber fixed horizontally between vertical studs in a timber-framed wall. Nogs provide...
• NoggingShort, horizontal pieces of timber or steel fitted between the vertical studs of a framed wall. These pieces...
• No-goThe end of a limit gauge that checks the limit at the least material condition, so it must not enter a hole...
• NOIBNAn abbreviation for Not Otherwise Indexed By Name, used in freight classification and shipping tariffs. This...
• No-loadDescribing the condition of an electrical machine or circuit when it is operating without any external...
• Nomarski prismA specialized birefringent prism used in differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy to split and...
• NondryingDescribing a substance, such as an oil or adhesive, that does not harden or solidify through oxidation or...
• Non-essential prime implicantA prime implicant of a Boolean function that is not essential, meaning every minterm it covers is also...
• NonfriableDescribing a material that, when dry, cannot be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure...
• Non-opAn abbreviation for a non-operating working interest owner in an oil and gas well. This entity holds a share...
• NonrepudiationThe assurance that a party cannot deny the authenticity of a digital communication or transaction. This is...
• NonstopDescribing a journey or flight that travels from its point of origin to its final destination without any...
• Non-volatile memoryA type of computer memory that retains stored information even after electrical power is removed. Unlike...
• NoodlerAn individual who scavenges for valuable minerals, particularly gemstones, by searching through discarded...
• NOR gateA digital logic gate that produces an output that is true (logic 1) only if all of its inputs are false...
• NormalDescribing the standard operating condition or configuration of a railway system component. This state...
• Normal modeA specific pattern of motion in an oscillating system where all parts move sinusoidally at the same...
• NormalizeTo heat a ferrous alloy to a suitable temperature above the transformation range and then cool it in air to...
• North poleThe end of a magnet or electromagnet from which magnetic field lines are conventionally considered to emerge...
• NorthbridgeA logic chipset on a computer motherboard that manages communication between the central processing unit...
• Norton's theoremA circuit analysis theorem stating that any linear electrical network containing independent and dependent...
• Norwegian couplingA simple type of railway coupling system that uses a central buffer and a single chain or hook to connect...
• NoseThe forwardmost part of a vessel's bow, also known as the stem. It is the leading edge that cuts through the...
• Nose bitA bit for the carpenter's brace shaped like a gouge, with a small blade turned under at the boring end so...
• Nose capA protective covering located at the forward-most point of an aircraft component, such as a propeller spinner...
• NoseholeA small opening in the side of a glass furnace, used to reheat small pieces or the pontil rod, or to withdraw...
• NostepinneA wooden tool used for winding yarn into a center-pull ball, preventing tangles and making it easier to knit...
• NOT gateA fundamental digital logic gate that implements logical negation, producing an output that is the inverse of...
• NotchA type of filter in electronics that attenuates a specific narrow band of frequencies while allowing...
• NotchboardA structural board, also known as a stringer, that has a series of notches cut into its top edge to support...
• No-tillAn agricultural practice where crops are grown without disturbing the soil through plowing or tilling. This...
• NPOESSA collaborative satellite program between the United States Department of Commerce, Department of Defense...
• NRThe owner and infrastructure manager of most of the railway network in Great Britain, responsible for tracks...
• NSThe reporting mark for Norfolk Southern Railway, a major Class I railroad operating in the Eastern United...
• NSAA United States intelligence agency, the National Security Agency, focused on signals intelligence (SIGINT)...
• NSTAn abbreviation for National Standard Thread, the most common type of threaded connection for fire hose...
• NTCNegative Temperature Coefficient, describing a material or component whose electrical resistance decreases as...
• NTIDSA circuit that measures a short time interval by the method devised by Ronald Nutt: the interval is converted...
• Nuclear hydrogen detection meterAn instrument that uses nuclear radiation principles, typically neutron moderation, to detect and quantify...
• Nuclear magnetonA physical constant representing the natural unit for the magnetic moment of heavy subatomic particles, such...
• Nuclear rocketA theoretical or experimental propulsion system for spacecraft that uses energy from nuclear reactions to...
• Nuclear-electric rocketA propulsion system that uses a nuclear reactor to generate electricity, which then powers an electric...
• Nuclear-thermal rocketA propulsion system that generates thrust by using a nuclear reactor to heat a fluid propellant, such as...
• Nuclear-thermoelectric rocketA rocket whose reactor serves two purposes: its electrical output ionizes the propellant in an ion thruster...
• NucleusA small, self-contained colony of honey bees, comprising a queen, several frames of comb with brood, honey...
• Nulled workOrnamental woodwork made of a continuous run of small rounded forms that resemble beads strung on a rod...
• Nun's threadA very fine, strong linen thread, bleached white and named for the nuns of Flanders, France and Italy who...
• NurseTo provide care and sustenance to young plants or animals, particularly in their early stages of development...
• NurseryA dedicated area or establishment where plants are propagated, grown, and cared for until they are ready for...
• NutA block of metal, usually hexagonal or square, with a threaded hole in the center designed to mate with a...
• NVMAn acronym for non-volatile memory, a category of computer storage that retains data without a continuous...
• NVMeNon-Volatile Memory Express, a communication interface specification for accessing non-volatile storage...
• NVOCCA Non-Vessel Owning Common Carrier, an ocean carrier that transports goods under its own House Bill of Lading...
• NWTAn abbreviation for net weight, representing the weight of a product itself, excluding the weight of any...

148 of 7,311 terms in Industrial and trades terminology (MLC-0113). Request the full dataset.