DTA-H19 plasmid

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ONC-013174",
  "term": "DTA-H19 plasmid",
  "field": "Oncology and biomedicine",
  "definition": "A plasmid DNA encoding the A chain of the diphtheria toxin (DT-A) driven by the transcriptional regulatory sequences of human H19, with potential antineoplastic activity. Because the expression of DT-A is under the control of H19 promotor elements, DT-A is selectively expressed in tumor cells capable of turning on H-19. DT-A catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis and apoptosis. In addition, DT-A protein released from lysed cells cannot enter and kill neighboring cells because of the absence of the DT-B chain, further enhancing the selective cytotoxicity of this agent. Human H19 is a paternally-imprinted, oncofetal gene encoding an RNA product; it acts as a \"riboregulator\" in gene expression and is found at substantial levels in different human tumor cell types while its expression in normal adult tissue is limited.",
  "synonyms": [
    "diphtheria toxin A-H19 plasmid"
  ],
  "references": [
    "National Cancer Institute Thesaurus"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/oncology/dta-h19-plasmid/"
}