Free surface effect

{
  "id": "MLC-T-IND-002441",
  "term": "Free surface effect",
  "field": "Industrial and trades",
  "definition": "The reduction in a vessel's stability caused by the movement of liquid within a partially filled tank. As the vessel rolls or pitches, the liquid shifts, creating a moment that acts in the same direction as the roll, effectively increasing the heeling angle. This effect is quantified by the free surface moment, which depends on the liquid's density, the tank's dimensions, and the vessel's metacentric height.",
  "subject": "Mechanical engineering",
  "translations": {
    "de": "Flüssigkeitsoberflächen-Effekt",
    "es": "efecto de superficie libre",
    "fr": "effet de surface libre"
  },
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/industrial/free-surface-effect/"
}