LmddA-LLO-chHER2 fusion protein-secreting live-attenuated Listeria cancer vaccine ADXS31-164

{
  "id": "MLC-T-ONC-014862",
  "term": "LmddA-LLO-chHER2 fusion protein-secreting live-attenuated Listeria cancer vaccine ADXS31-164",
  "field": "Oncology and biomedicine",
  "definition": "A cancer vaccine containing a live, highly attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (LmddA) encoding a fusion protein composed of a chimeric peptide comprised of three highly immunogenic epitopes of the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER2/neu (chHER2) fused to a non-hemolytic fragment of the immunostimulant listeriolysin O (LLO) protein, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the LmddA-LLO-chHER2 vaccine ADXS31-142, the LmddA is taken up by phagocytic cells; then the listeriolysin portion of the expressed LLO-chHER2 can form pores in the phagolysosomes and the fusion protein can escape into the cytosol. In turn, the LLO-chHER2 is processed and presented to the immune system by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I on the phagocytic cells. Antigen presentation activates the immune system to exert an immune response involving the recruitment and activation of T ymphocytes against HER2-expressing tumor cells, and inhibits tumor-infiltrating T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). This eventually results in tumor cell lysis. HER2/neu, a tyrosine kinase receptor belonging to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, is overexpressed in various tumor cell types.",
  "references": [
    "National Cancer Institute Thesaurus"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/oncology/lmdda-llo-chher2-fusion-protein-secreting-live-attenuated-listeria-cancer-adxs31/"
}