Swain-Lupton equation

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-011708",
  "term": "Swain-Lupton equation",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "A linear free-energy relationship used in physical organic chemistry to quantify the electronic effects of substituents on reaction rates or equilibria. It separates the electronic influence into field/inductive and resonance components, each described by a characteristic substituent constant. This equation provides a method for analyzing substituent effects beyond simple Hammett parameters.",
  "subject": "Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry",
  "see_also": [
    "correlation analysis",
    "resonance"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 1994, 66, 1077. 'Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)' on page 1170 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466051077)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/swain-lupton-equation/"
}