Environment terminology · MLC-0121
Environment terms: W (738)
- Wetland Disappearance(Loss of) an area that is saturated by surface or ground water with vegetation adapted for life under those...
- Wetland EnhancementWetland enhancement is the rehabilitation or reestablishment of a degraded wetland, and/or the modification...
- Wetland HabitatA broad category that includes tidal wetlands, forested wetland, and freshwater marsh.
- wetland migrationA process by which tidal wetlands adjust to rising sea level by advancing inland into areas previously above...
- Wetlands1. Areas that are soaked or flooded by surface or ground water frequently enough or for sufficient duration...
- Wet-Process Phosphoric Acid Plant1. Any facility manufacturing phosphoric acid by reacting phosphate rock and acid.
- wettability1. The relative degree to which a fluid will spread on (or coat) a solid surface in the presence of other...
- Wettable PowderDry formulation that must be mixed with water or other liquid before it is applied.
- Wetted SurfacesSurfaces of the flow path, canister, valving, pumps, etc., that contact the gas undergoing collection...
- Wetting Agent1. Any chemical agent that reduces or suppresses fumes or mists from a plating and polishing tank by reducing...
- Wet-Weather FlowUsually referred to as the flow in a combined sewer system with stormwater, but may also constitute the flow...
- Wet-weight intake ratesIntake rates that are based on the wet (or whole) weight of the food consumed. This in contrast to dry-weight...
- WetwoodGreen wood with abnormally high moisture content that generally results from infections in living trees by...
- WhalingHunting whales for commercially valued whale oil, for their flesh as human food and in animal feed and...
- What Information to Report1. Persons described in paragraph (c) of this section must notify EPA of current or prospective manufacture...
- WheatWheat delivered to a plant before processing.
- Wheat DiseasesEconomically important diseases of wheat caused by fungi, bacteria, or viruses.
- WheelingThe transmission of electricity owned by one entity through the facilities owned by another (usually a...
- When to ReportPersons who are manufacturing or importing chlorinated terphenyl on the effective date of the rule must...
- Where Clausethe end of a SQL query that limits which records are included, that begins with the term "where" (e.g...
- Where to Send ReportsReports must be submitted by certified mail to the Document Control Office (DCO) (7407M), Office of Pollution...
- Whirling DiseaseA potentially lethal infection of salmonid fish, is caused by the myxozoan parasite, Myxobolus cerebralis...
- White GoodsRefers to major appliances such as refrigerators, stoves, air conditioners, and washing machines. Also see...
- White IndividualA person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. It...
- White LedgerRefers to printed or unprinted sheets of white sulphite or sulphate ledger, bond, writing paper, and all...
- White, Not of Hispanic OriginPerson having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, North Africa, or the Middle East.
- White Pine Blister RustThe rust fungus Cronartium ribicola, native to Asia, has become one of the most important diseases of forests...
- White Plague DiseaseA coral disease characterized by a sharp line between apparently healthy coral tissue and freshly exposed...
- White Pox DiseaseA coral disease characterized by circular lesions with coral tisue degradation on the Caribbean elkhorn...
- White RotWhite to tan decayed wood, caused by fungi decomposing both lignin and cellulose; may occur in areas...
- White Spot SyndromeCondition caused by a species of DNA virus, in the genus Wispovirus, infecting penaeid shrimp
- White-Band DiseaseA coral disease characterized by complete coral tissue degradation of Caribbean acroporid corals.-Two species...
- White-Rot FungusWhite-rot fungi remove both lignin and cellulose from the wood, which may lose color and appear “whiter” than...
- WhitetoppingWhitetopping is a cool paving technique in which an existing pavement is covered by a layer of light-colored...
- White-YampaWhite-Yampa: The White and Yampa River Basins. Colorado, Utah, Wyoming. Area = 13100 sq.mi.
- Whole Effluent Toxicity1. The total toxic effect of an effluent measured directly with a toxicity test.
- Whole Effluent Toxicity Pollutant CategoryAll parameters measuring Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) in wastewater. WET refers to the aggregate toxic...
- Whole EmissionsAll components of unfiltered combustion emissions or evaporative emissions.
- Whole ProgramA part 70 permit program, or any combination of partial programs, that meet all the requirements of these...
- Whole-Effluent-Toxicity TestsTests to determine the toxicity levels of the total effluent from a single source as opposed to a series of...
- Whole-Organism TestingTesting for the efficacy, side effects, etc., of an agent by observing its effects on an entire organism in...
- Wholesale Purchaser-Consumer1. As defined in § 80.2(o).
- Wholesale SystemPublic water system that treats source water as necessary to produce finished water and then delivers some or...
- Wholesale WaterWater purchased or sold for resale purposes.
- WholesalerPerson to whom a product is delivered or sold, if such delivery or sale is for purposes of sale or...
- Wicket GateAdjustable elements that control the flow of water to the turbine.
- WIDE AREA NETWORKA system for linking together computers, terminals, printers, and other equipment that are located in...
- Wide Cross (Plant)To facilitate the formation of viable zygotes through the use of surgical alteration of the plant pistil, bud...
- Wide-Area Anthrax AttackA scenario in which a quantity of B. anthracis spores is disseminated as a small-particle aerosol generated...
- Wide-Mouth BottleBottles configured with a mouth that is at least 55 mm wide that are one liter in size for the purpose of...
- Wide-Web Flexographic PressFlexographic press capable of printing substrates greater than 18 inches in width.
- Widget1. A software tool that uses a small (smaller than a page) graphical interface to provide a function or...
- WidowhoodThe state of having lost a marital partner by death.
- Wiki1. A wiki is an application that is collaborative in nature, where anyone can add, delete, or edit content...
- Wild boarThese wild hogs are still found in parts of the United States. Pigs used in modern pork production are...
- WildcardAny symbol, often an asterisk (*), that represents any possible spelling used when searching to replace...
- Wildcat WellWell outside known fields or the first well drilled in an oil or gas field where no other oil and gas...
- Wildfire1. An unwanted, non-structural fire often set by lightning or arson.
- Wildfire EmissionA wildfire is a large-scale natural combustion process that consumes various ages, sizes, and types of flora...
- Wildfire PreparednessActions recommended to limit the danger and damage wildfires pose to property and human health.
- Wildfire RiskThe First Street Foundation-Wildfire Model (FSF-WFM) is a 30 meter resolution model representing the wildfire...
- Wildfire Risk AreaAreas in the "wildland-urban interface" where humans and their development meet or intermix with wildland...
- Wildfire Smoke Health RiskUnhealthy outcomes including, but not limited to, eye irritation, respiratory system irritation, and the...
- Wildfire Smoke SusceptibilityQuality of being at higher risk for serious health problems resulting from exposure to wildfire smoke...
- WildfiresWildfires are a growing natural hazard in most regions of the United States, posing a threat to life and...
- WildlandArea in which human activity and development are essentially non-existent, except for roads, railroads, power...
- Wildland Fire1. Unplanned fire requiring suppression action. Can be contrasted with a prescribed fire that burns within...
- Wildland Fire Fuel TypeIdentifiable association of fuel elements of distinctive species, form, size, arrangement, or other...
- Wildland Fire MitigationActions implemented to reduce or eliminate risks to persons, property or natural resources before and during...
- Wildland Fire ProgressionThe progress of the fire outwards from the point of origin.
- Wildland Fire RiskThe First Street Foundation-Wildfire Model (FSF-WFM) is a 30 meter resolution model representing the wildfire...
- Wildland Fire SeverityDegree to which a wildland fire site has been altered or disrupted by fire; loosely, a product of fire...
- Wildland Fire SmokeMix of gases and fine particles from burning vegetation, building materials, and other materials.
- Wildland Fire Type by Ignition SourceA management distinction, made to satisfy legal and budget constraints, based on whether the ignition source...
- Wildland fire useWildfires managed for resource objectives.
- Wildland FuelNaturally occurring fuels for wildfires, including brush, trees, and grasses.
- Wildland-Urban Interface1. Line, area, or zone where structures and other human development meet or intermingle with undeveloped...
- wildlife1. Free, undomesticated species of plants and animals on earth.
- Wildlife Damage ManagementActivities designed to reduce the negative impact, conflict or threat of wildlife to other organisms...
- Wildlife DiseasesConditions of non-domesticated animals, such as wolves, bears, deer, raccoons, and others
- Wildlife HarassmentAn intentional or negligent act or omission that creates the likelihood of injury to wildlife by annoying it...
- Wildlife ManagementA profession committed to balancing the needs of wild animals with those of human communities, in the...
- Wildlife RefugeAn area designated for the protection of wild animals, within which hunting and fishing are either prohibited...
- Wildlife RehabilitationA profession involving the treatment and care of injured, sick or orphaned wild animals with the goal of...
- Wild-Type MicroorganismThe form of a (micro) organism that occurs most frequently in nature.
- Wild-Type PlantThe form of a (plant) that occurs most frequently in nature.
- Will Be ProtectiveA protectiveness determination of "will be protective" typically is used when the FYR report provides...
- WillametteThe Willamette River Basin. Oregon. Area = 11400 sq.mi.
- Willingness to Accept1. Value of a good defined by what a person would be willing to accept in exchange for its loss.
- willingness to pay1. A measure of the value an individual would place on reducing risk of death or illness. It is the maximum...
- Wilms' TumorA kidney cancer that occurs in children usually younger than 5 years.
- WiltingThe physical drooping appearance of plants.
- Wind1. Movement of air relative to the surface of the earth.
- Wind DriftAn ocean current in which only the Coriolis and frictional forces are significant. The wind drift embodies an...
- Wind Energy ResourceKinetic energy present in wind motion that can be converted to mechanical energy for driving pumps, mills...
- Wind Energy StructureStructures deployed in the marine environment in order to produce energy from the wind. These structures...
- Wind PollinationFertilization of plants enabled by the wind moving the pollen from the male to female plant organs.
- Wind Power1. Kinetic energy present in wind motion that can be converted to mechanical energy for driving pumps, mills...
- Wind Power PlantGroup of wind turbines interconnected to a common utility system through a system of transformers...
- Wind ProfilerWind profilers are radars that are used to measure vertical profiles of the wind; also called wind profiler...
- Wind Tidal FlatA broad, low-lying, nearly level sand flat that is alternately flooded by ponded rainwater or inundated by...
- Wind turbine1. A machine that converts energy from the wind into electricity. The wind spins a set of blades connected to...
- Windborne DiseasesPlant diseases usually transmitted through air movements. Fungal diseases are often transmitted by windborne...
- WindbreakLiving barrier that usually includes several rows of trees, and perhaps shrubs, located upwind of a farm...
- windbreaksA living barrier that usually includes several rows of trees, and perhaps shrubs, located upwind of a farm...
- Wind-Driven CirculationWind-driven circulation is the large-scale oceanic circulation that results from the actions of the wind...
- Wind-Driven CurrentCurrent caused by wind shear as distinguished by those caused by density differences, which result in...
- WindmillBuilding with vanes which turns the wind energy into rotational energy. This energy can be used as mechanical...
- Window TroughFor a typical double-hung window, the portion of the exterior window sill between the interior window sill...
- windrow1. A low, elongated row of material left uncovered to dry. Windrows are typically arranged in parallel.
- Windthrow1. Trees uprooted by wind.
- WindthrownTrees uprooted by wind. The term is also sometimes applied to trees whose stems are snapped by the wind.
- Windward WallExterior wall of a total enclosure that is most impacted by the wind in its most prevailing direction...
- Wine GrapeSpecies of grapes used in wine-making.
- WingAn animal appendage designed for flying
- Wing CoatingCorrosion-resistant topcoat that is resilient enough to withstand the flexing of the wings.
- Wing FanningInsect behavior where the movement of wings can communicate a message, such as warning of potential danger
- Winter AnnualAn annual plant that germinates in the fall, completing its life cycle the following year.
- Winter Conventional Blendstock for Oxygenate BlendingPetroleum product which, when blended with a specified type and percentage of oxygenate, meets the definition...
- Winter gasolineGasoline that is not subject to the RVP standards in § 1090.215.
- Winter InjuryDeath of a part of a plant caused by winter conditions including usually non-damaging frost in plants that...
- Winter PenaltyAlso known as heating penalty. Just as cool roofs reflect solar radiation throughout the summer, they also...
- Winter Water MassThe mass of water produced - and introduced to oceans - as a result of melting winter ice formations. These...
- Wintertime EngineEngine used exclusively to power equipment that is used only in wintertime, such as snowthrowers and ice...
- Wintertime EquipmentEquipment using a wintertime engine, as defined in 40 CFR 1054.801. Note this definition applies only for...
- WinzleSteeply inclined passageway connecting a mine working place with a lower one.
- Wipe Sample1. Sample collected by wiping a representative surface of known area, as determined by ASTM E1728, “Standard...
- Wire Galvanizing FluxUsing flux to remove rust and oxide from the surface of steel wire prior to galvanizing. This provides...
- Wire Product and FastenerSteel wire, products manufactured from steel wire, and steel fasteners manufactured from steel wire or other...
- Wireless CommunicationAny broadcast or transmission which can be received through microwave or radio frequencies without the use of...
- Wireless PhoneA telephone that transmits and receives data by using radio waves instead of cables (wires)
- wire-line systemIn horizontal directional drilling, a locating technology that uses a sensor in the sonde that senses its...
- Wire-to-Water EfficiencyThe efficiency of a pump and motor together.
- Wire-to-Wire EfficiencyThe efficiency of a pump and motor together.
- WisconsinThe Wisconsin River Basin. Michigan, Wisconsin. Area = 11900 sq.mi.
- Wisteria (Exotic)Chinese and Japanese wisteria are exotic, showy, woody ornamental vines. These vigorous vines can climb...
- Witches' Broom1. Abnormal proliferations of shoots or branches caused by a pathogen (e.g., from dwarf mistletoe).
- Withdraw SpecificationTo remove from designation any area already specified as a disposal site by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers...
- WithdrawalThe process of taking water from a source and conveying it to a place for a particular type of use.
- Withdrawal TimeTime required after the last drug treatment to lower drug residues to acceptable levels. These times are...
- Withdrawn from the National Priorities ListEPA withdraws a site from consideration on the National Priorities List voluntarily or for legal reasons.
- Withering SyndromeA bacterial disease of abalone caused by a Rickettsia-like organism, WS-RLO, resulting in significant losses...
- Within Impoundment Area1. For all impoundments for purposes of calculating the volume of process wastewater which may be discharged...
- Within Living PlantInside the living plant, on the surface of the living plant, or as an exudate from the living plant.
- Within-Concentration BatchBatch for which the average VOC concentration is not higher than the maximum concentration that is allowed as...
- Women-Owned Small Business Concern(1) A small business concern - (i) That is at least 51 percent owned by one or more women; or, in the case of...
- Women’s Business EnterpriseBusiness concern which is at least 51% owned or controlled by women for purposes of EPA’s 8% statute or a...
- Womens' HealthFemale specific diseases and health conditions.
- Wood1. Raw resource from trees and other woody plants.
- Wood AnatomyThe structure of the hard secondary xylem in trees and shrubs.
- Wood and Paper manufacturingIndustries in the Paper Manufacturing subsector make pulp, paper, or converted paper products. Industries in...
- Wood Building ProductAny product that contains more than 50 percent by weight wood or wood fiber, excluding the weight of any...
- Wood Burning ApplianceAppliance which uses wood as fuel.
- Wood Burning StoveAny free-standing box or controlled-draft stove; or a stove installed in a fireplace opening, using the...
- Wood Burning Stove EmissionEmissions of particulate matter, carbon monoxide, total suspended particulates, and polycyclic organic matter...
- Wood ChipSmall fragments of wood chopped or broken by mechanical equipment. Total tree chips include wood, bark, and...
- Wood DebrisLarge pieces of organic matter, such as tree trunks and branches. No formal size distinction exists, but...
- Wood energy1. Wood and wood products used as fuel, including roundwood (i.e., cordwood), limbwood, wood chips, bark...
- Wood Fiber Furnish Subdivision MillMills where cotton fibers are not used in the production of fine papers.
- Wood Flood WaxWax-based products for use solely on wood floors.
- Wood FurnitureAny product made of wood, a wood product such as rattan or wicker, or an engineered wood product such as...
- Wood Furniture ComponentAny part that is used in the manufacture of wood furniture. Examples include, but are not limited to, drawer...
- Wood Furniture Manufacturing OperationFinishing, gluing, cleaning, and washoff operations associated with the production of wood furniture or wood...
- Wood GasificationWood gasification is the process of heating wood in an oxygen-starved environment until volatile pyrolysis...
- Wood HeaterEnclosed, wood burning appliance capable of and intended for space heating or domestic water heating that...
- Wood Heater Model LineAll wood heaters offered for sale by a single manufacturer that are similar in all material respects.
- Wood I-JoistStructural wood beam with an I-shaped cross section formed by bonding (with resin) wood or laminated veneer...
- Wood Packaging1. Refers to wood products such as pallets, crates, and barrels. Excludes wood from furniture and other...
- Wood Preservative1. Any substance that, for a reasonable length of time, is effective in preventing the development and action...
- Wood PreservativesPesticide active ingredients used in treatment of wood to protect it from insects, fungi and other pests. In...
- Wood PreservingPressure or thermal impregnation of chemicals into wood to provide effective long-term resistance to attack...
- Wood Processing ChemicalChemicals applied to wood often used to preserve it.
- Wood ProductDimensional lumber and medium-density fiberboard. Dimensional lumber includes wood used for containers...
- Wood Products EnclosurePermanently installed containment that was designed to meet the following physical design criteria:(1) Any...
- Wood Protectants and Other Non-Structural ProtectionPrevention of termite or other wood-destroying pest activity only to the treated wood (or other treated...
- Wood ResidualsMaterials recovered from three principal sources: Municipal solid waste (MSW); construction and demolition...
- Wood ResidueBark, sawdust, slabs, chips, shavings, mill trim, and other wood products derived from wood processing and...
- Wood StainCoating which is formulated to change the color of a wood surface but not conceal the surface.
- Wood Touch-Up/Repair/Restoration CoatingCoating designed and labeled exclusively to provide an exact color or sheen match on finished wood products.
- Wood Treatment Facility1. An industrial facility that treats lumber and other wood products for outdoor use. The process employs...
- Wood WasteUntreated wood and untreated wood products, including tree stumps (whole or chipped), trees, tree limbs...
- Wood Water HeaterDevice for heating water using wood as a combustion source.
- Wood-Burning-Stove PollutionAir pollution caused by emissions of particulate matter, carbon monoxide, total suspended particulates, and...
- Wood-Decay FungusFungus that degrades wood and woody tissues; types include brown-rot, white-rot and soft-rot fungi.
- Wood-Destroying PestApplies to pests that feed on or nest in wood, and therefore are highly destructive to wood buildings or...
- Wood-Fired BoilerFurnace or boiler used for combusting wood for the primary purpose of producing steam or hot water by heat...
- Wood-Fired Veneer DryerVeneer dryer that is directly heated by the products of combustion of wood in addition to, or exclusive of...
- Woodland HabitatAn area of land covered by trees and understory vegetation, sometimes mixed with pasture; forests are...
- WoodsmokeResidential wood combustion refers to the burning of wood in fireplaces, woodstoves and other devices used to...
- Woodwaste BurnerWigwam burner, teepee burner, silo burner, olivine burner, truncated cone burner, or other such...
- Woody GrassPlant of the family Poaceae (formerly Gramineae) with hard lignified tissues or woody parts.
- Woody PlantPerenial plants, including trees, shrubs and woody vines, having woody trunks, stems or vines that support...
- Wool FiberDry wool and other fibers as received at the wool finsihing mill for processing into wool and blended...
- Wool Fiberglass1. Fibrous glass of random texture, including fiberglass insulation, and other products listed in SIC 3296.
- Wool Fiberglass InsulationThermal insulation material composed of glass fibers and made from glass produced or melted at the same...
- Wool Fiberglass Manufacturing FacilityAny facility manufacturing wool fiberglass on a rotary spin manufacturing line or on a flame attenuation...
- Wool Fiberglass Manufacturing Line1. Manufacturing equipment comprising the forming section, where molten glass is fiberized and a fiberglass...
- WoollinessPlant disease exhibited by wool-like structures, resembling soft, matted or tangled hairs, attached to plant...
- WORD PROCESSINGCreating and modifying documents by using a computer, along with other hardware and related software.
- WorkMeaning given in § 1065.110.
- Work Area1. Room or defined space in a workplace where a chemical substance is manufactured, processed, or used and...
- WORK FILESIn electronic records, temporary files in auxiliary storage. Sometimes called working files.
- WORK PLAN/WORK PROGRAMThe document which identifies how and when the applicant will use program funds to produce specific outputs...
- Work Practice RequirementAny design, equipment, work practice, or operational standard, or combination thereof, that is promulgated...
- Work Practice Standard1. Any design, equipment, work practice, or operational standard, or combination thereof, that is promulgated...
- Work practicesan action performed by workers to prevent or reduce emissions of air toxics. Such actions can include...
- Work StationUnit on which material is deposited onto a substrate.
- WorkbookA booklet containing problems and exercises that a student or reader may work directly on the pages.
- Worker1. Any person, including a self-employed person, who is employed for any type of compensation and who is...
- Worker by OccupationWorking persons who are grouped together based on their occupations
- Workers' CompensationA system (established under state laws) under which employers provide insurance for benefit payments to...
- Workers' HealthWorkplace exposures and conditions can act as component causes of a wide range of diseases.
- Workforce PlanningWorkforce Planning involves the processes for identifying the workforce competencies required to meet the...
- Working AnimalDomesticated animals, such as the draft horse, that are raised to be trained to perform tasks
- WORKING CAPITAL ADVANCEA procedure whereby funds are advanced to the recipient to cover its estimated disbursement needs for a given...
- Working Capital FundThe Working Capital Fund (WCF) is an intra-governmental revolving fund of working capital authorized by law...
- Working FaceAny portion of the mine where work is under way, such as the face of a drift or the face of a raise.
- WORKING FILESDocuments such as rough notes, calculations, or drafts assembled or created and used to prepare or analyze...
- Working Level1. A unit of measure for documenting exposure to radon decay products, the so-called "daughters." One working...
- Working Level MonthA unit of measure used to determine cumulative exposure to radon.
- WorkoverAny of several remedial operations performed on a producing well in an attempt to restore or increase...
- Workover FluidSalt solutions, weighted brines, polymers, or other specialty additives used in a producing well to allow for...
- Workpiece CleaningChemical solution bath and a rinse or series of rinses designed to produce a desired surface finish on the...
- Workplace1. Any physical location in which work related activities are performed under the control of the...
- Workplace AreaAny area where workers are regularly present. Areas receiving only brief but regular use (e.g., parking...
- Workplace Policy Development & ManagementWorkplace Policy Development and Management includes all activities required to develop and disseminate...
- WorkshopsA meeting, retreat, seminar, symposium, conference or event whose primary purpose is the dissemination of...
- World Wide Web1. The World Wide Web is a global network document publishing system that uses HTML and other Web programming...
- Worm ReefReefs that consist of the consolidated tubes of many individual tube worms, often of the sabellaria and...
- worst case1. A semiquantitative term referring to the maximum possible exposure, dose, or risk, that can conceivably...
- Worst Case Discharge1. For an onshore non-transportation-related facility means the largest foreseeable discharge in adverse...
- Worst case scenarioThe maximum possible exposure, when everything that can plausibly happen to maximize exposure happens. The...
- Worst-Case ReleaseRelease of the largest quantity of a regulated substance from a vessel or process line failure that results...
- Wound InfectionsInfection occurring in the wound.
- Wound PeridermType of periderm that develops only at the injury site.
- Wrapping Gust FrontA gust front which wraps around a mesocyclone, cutting off the inflow of warm moist air to the mesocyclone...
- WRITE ONCE READ MANYOf or relating to a type of optical disk on which information can be recorded only once but from which it can...
- Written CommitmentWritten commitment that includes a description of the action to be taken; a schedule for the completion of...
738 of 30,736 terms in Environment terminology (MLC-0121). Request the full dataset.