Orographic lifting

{
  "id": "MLC-T-MET-001945",
  "term": "Orographic lifting",
  "field": "Meteorology and atmospheric science",
  "definitions": [
    "The process where an air mass is forced to rise as it encounters a topographic barrier, such as a mountain range. As the air ascends, it expands and cools, often leading to condensation, cloud formation, and precipitation on the windward side. This mechanism is a primary driver of precipitation in many mountainous regions globally.",
    "Same as Upslope Flow; occurs when air is forced to rise and cool due to terrain features such as hills or mountains. If the cooling is sufficient, water vapor condenses into clouds. Additional cooling results in rain or snow. It can cause extensive cloudiness and increased amounts of precipitation in higher terrain."
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    "Upslope Flow"
  ],
  "references": [
    "NWS Glossary"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/meteorology/orographic-lifting/"
}