Surge

{
  "id": "MLC-T-OAG-003708",
  "term": "Surge",
  "field": "Oil and gas",
  "definition": "A transient pressure wave that propagates through a fluid-filled pipeline or system following a rapid change in flow velocity. This phenomenon, also known as water hammer, occurs when a valve is closed or a pump is stopped abruptly, causing the moving fluid's momentum to convert into a high-pressure spike that can damage pipes, valves, and fittings. The magnitude of the surge is a function of the fluid's density, the acoustic velocity in the fluid, and the change in flow velocity.",
  "subject": "Production",
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/oil-and-gas/surge/"
}