Hypervalency

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-005533",
  "term": "Hypervalency",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "The capacity of a central atom to carry more than eight electrons in its valence shell, going past the Lewis octet limit, as with sulfur in SF6 and phosphorus in PCl5. It is common for second-row and heavier elements of groups 15 to 18. Modern bonding analyses explain it mainly through three-center four-electron bonding that moves electron density onto the ligands, not through large d-orbital participation.",
  "subject": "Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry",
  "see_also": [
    "Lewis octet rule",
    "ligands",
    "valence"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 1999, 71, 1919. 'Glossary of terms used in theoretical organic chemistry' on page 1946 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199971101919)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/hypervalency/"
}