Additivity principle

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-000236",
  "term": "Additivity principle",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "The hypothesis that a property of a molecule is the sum of contributions from its constituent parts, such as atoms, bonds, or functional groups. This principle allows for the estimation of molecular properties like molar refractivity, heat of formation, or Gibbs energy of activation by summing tabulated group or bond increments. The accuracy of this principle depends on the assumption that the contribution of each part is independent of its environment within the molecule.",
  "subject": "Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry",
  "see_also": [
    "Gibbs energy of activation",
    "additive",
    "molecular entity",
    "rate of reaction",
    "substituent atom",
    "transferability"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 1994, 66, 1077. 'Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)' on page 1081 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466051077)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/additivity-principle/"
}