Counter-current flow

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-002637",
  "term": "Counter-current flow",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "A flow arrangement in a membrane module or heat exchanger in which the fluid on one side of the separating surface moves parallel to it but in the direction opposite to the fluid on the other side. This keeps a more uniform concentration or temperature difference along the whole surface than parallel flow does. Hemodialysis, in which dialysate runs against the blood flow, is a standard example.",
  "subject": "Polymer",
  "see_also": [
    "membrane"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 1996, 68, 1479. 'Terminology for membranes and membrane processes (IUPAC Recommendations 1996)' on page 1481 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668071479)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/counter-current-flow/"
}